Quadriceps and hand-grip strength in adults with childhood-onset growth hormone deficiency

Sartorio A, Narici M, Conti A, Monzani M, Faglia G. Quadriceps and hand-grip strength in adults with childhood-onset growth hormone deficiency. Eur J Endocrinol 1995;132:37–41. ISSN 0804–4643 The effects of chronic growth hormone (GH) deficiency on muscle size and strength of postural (quadriceps) and non-postural (hand-grip) muscle groups, as well as on vertical jump capacity, were evaluated in six adults with childhood-onset GH deficiency. Data obtained were compared to those recorded in an age-, sex- and exercise-matched healthy control group. Thigh muscle plus bone cross-sectional area (CSAM+B) of the dominant quadriceps was significantly lower (p < 0.001) than in controls, while the CSAM+B/Body height)2 ratio was similar to that of controls. The maximum voluntary contraction (MVC) of the quadriceps of patients was significantly lower (p < 0.002) than in controls, while no differences existed in the quadriceps force expressed per unit area (MVC/CSA) between patients and controls. As far as hand-grip was concerned, the CSAM+B of the dominant forearm was significantly lower (p < 0.003) than in controls, while the CSAM+B/Body height)2 ratio was no different. The hand-grip MVC of patients was significantly lower (p < 0.004) than in controls, while no differences existed in the MVC/CSA ratio. It is noteworthy also that no difference existed in the hand-grip to quadriceps MVC ratio of the two groups. Furthermore, no differences were found in the vertical jump capacity, because both Δ Height and Δ Height/Body weight of patients were not significantly different from those of controls. In conclusion, our study suggests that GH deficiency seems to reduce the size and strength of postural and non-postural muscle groups to the same extent. However, these findings are likely to be attributed to a simple dimensional scaling, because their CSA/ (Body height)2, MVC/CSA and vertical jump capacity were comparable to those of controls. Alessandro Sartorio, Laboratorio Sperimentale di Ricerche Endocrinologiche, Centro Auxologico Italiano, IRCCS, via Ariosto 13, 1-20145 Milan, Italy

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Growth hormone deficiency of childhood onset: developmental targets and adult risk

Experimental and Clinical Endocrinology & Diabetes ◽

10.1055/s-2006-954692 ◽

2006 ◽

Vol 114 (08) ◽

Author(s):

A Attanasio

Keyword(s):

Growth Hormone ◽

Growth Hormone Deficiency ◽

Hormone Deficiency ◽

Childhood Onset

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GROWTH AND GROWTH HORMONE. IV. LIMITATIONS OF THE GROWTH HORMONE RESPONSE TO INSULIN AND ARGININE AND OF THE IMMUNOREACTIVE INSULIN RESPONSE TO ARGININE IN THE ASSESSMENT OF GROWTH HORMONE DEFICIENCY IN CHILDREN

PEDIATRICS ◽

10.1542/peds.43.6.989 ◽

1969 ◽

Vol 43 (6) ◽

pp. 989-1004

Author(s):

R. Youlton ◽

S. L. Kaplan ◽

M. M. Grumbach

Keyword(s):

Growth Hormone ◽

Growth Hormone Deficiency ◽

Gh Deficiency ◽

Hormone Deficiency ◽

Insulin Administration ◽

Arginine Infusion ◽

Group 3 ◽

Group 2 ◽

Serum Gh ◽

Group 1

The growth hormone (GH) response to insulin-induced hypoglycemia and to arginine infusion has been evaluated in 60 children with growth retardation. These children have been classified into three groups: Group 1-9 children had peak serum growth hormone values of 7 mµg/ml or greater to both stimuli, a normal growth hormone response. Group 2-18 children had peak GH values of ≤ 3 mµg/ml to both stimuli, an abnormal response indicating growth hormone deficiency. Group 3-6 children had a blunted GH response (> 3 < 7 mµg/ml) to both stimuli; 8 showed a normal rise in serum GH following arginine infusion (> 7 mµg/ml) but exhibited no rise, or a minimal one, following insulin administration; 9 children had minimal increase in serum GH concentration following arginine infusion but showed a normal GH response to insulin administration (> 7mµg/ml). Children included in Group 3 represent a heterogenous population. In some patients with a blunted response to both stimuli, evidence of partial or less severe form of GH deficiency was found, whereas in 17 of 18 children exhibiting a disparate response the impaired growth was not attributable to growth hormone deficiency. The blood glucose at all sampling periods was significantly lower following insulin administration in patients in Group 2 than that observed for children in Group 1 and 3. The blood glucose was significantly lower at 90 and 120 minutes following arginine infusion in Group 2 compared to values for patients in Group 1 and 3. Changes in serum insulin in response to the infusion of arginine did not provide a useful index of discrimination among these groups. Administration of diethylstilbestrol, 10 mg/day times 2 days, prior to testing can modify the GH response to both hypoglycemia and arginine; it is a useful ancillary procedure in children with blunted or disparate responses. These studies suggest that two types of stimulation tests are necessary to establish the diagnosis of isolated GH deficiency with a high degree of probability.

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The impact of idiopathic childhood-onset growth hormone deficiency (GHD) on bone mass in subjects without adult GHD

Clinical Endocrinology ◽

10.1111/j.1365-2265.2004.02164.x ◽

2005 ◽

Vol 62 (1) ◽

pp. 18-23 ◽

Cited By ~ 7

Author(s):

Martin Lange ◽

Jorn Muller ◽

Ole Lander Svendsen ◽

Knud William Kastrup ◽

Anders Juul ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Growth Hormone ◽

Bone Mass ◽

Growth Hormone Deficiency ◽

Hormone Deficiency ◽

Childhood Onset ◽

The Impact

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Body composition and metabolic health of young male adults with childhood-onset multiple pituitary hormone deficiency after cessation of growth hormone treatment

Journal of Pediatric Endocrinology and Metabolism ◽

10.1515/jpem-2018-0019 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 31 (5) ◽

pp. 533-537 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Hongbo Yang ◽

Linjie Wang ◽

Xiaonan Qiu ◽

Kemin Yan ◽

Fengying Gong ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Growth Hormone ◽

Body Composition ◽

Growth Hormone Deficiency ◽

Fat Mass ◽

Hormone Deficiency ◽

Pituitary Hormone ◽

Childhood Onset ◽

Multiple Pituitary Hormone Deficiency ◽

Pituitary Hormone Deficiency ◽

Male Patients

Abstract Background: Recombinant human growth hormone (rhGH) replacement therapy is usually stopped after linear growth completion in patients with growth hormone deficiency. In patients with multiple pituitary hormone deficiency (MPHD), the long-term effects of discontinuation of rhGH replacement are unknown. Methods: In this study, the anthropometric and metabolic parameters of 24 male patients with adult growth hormone deficiency (AGHD) due to MPHD in childhood after cessation of rhGH therapy for a mean of 7.1 years were measured and compared with 35 age-matched controls. Body composition was evaluated by bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA). Results: In the AGHD group, body mass index (BMI) was significantly increased and 29.2% had obesity. The AGHD group had a 17.7 cm increase in waist circumference (WC). The fat free mass (FFM) was significantly lower in the AGHD group. Both the fat mass (FM) and percentage of fat mass (FM%) were significantly increased in the AGHD group. Both the systolic blood pressure (BP) and diastolic pressure were significantly lower in AGHD group. The lipid profile was generally similar in both groups, except for a decrease of high density lipoprotein-cholesterol (HDL-C) in the AGHD group. There was significant hyperuricemia in the AGHD group. Conclusions: Cessation of rhGH leads to a significant increase of FM in early adulthood in male patients with childhood-onset MPHD (CO-MPHD).

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