scholarly journals Acute plasma glucose increase, but not early insulin response, regulates plasma ghrelin

2003 ◽  
pp. 403-406 ◽  
Author(s):  
L Briatore ◽  
G Andraghetti ◽  
R Cordera
Keyword(s):  
Plasma Glucose ◽  
Healthy Subjects ◽  
Insulin Response ◽  
Glucose Levels ◽  
Healthy Control ◽  
Early Insulin Response ◽  
Effect Of Glucose ◽  
Type 2 Diabetic

OBJECTIVE: The independent role of glucose and insulin in ghrelin regulation is still controversial; this is also because in healthy subjects it is difficult to isolate the increase of glucose from that of insulin. The aim of this study was to discriminate the effect of glucose increase alone and early insulin response on plasma ghrelin, comparing ghrelin variation after i.v. glucose between healthy subjects and type 2 diabetic (T2DM) subjects, in whom the early insulin response to i.v. glucose is abolished. METHODS: Plasma glucose, insulin and ghrelin levels were measured 0, 3, 5, 10, 30, 45 and 60 min after a 5 g glucose i.v. bolus in seven healthy control subjects and eight T2DM subjects. RESULTS: There were no significant differences in body mass index, basal insulin and basal ghrelin between T2DM and healthy subjects. Basal glucose levels were higher in T2DM subjects than in controls. After i.v. glucose administration, plasma glucose increased significantly in both groups and the glucose peak was higher in T2DM subjects than in controls (9.67+/-1.25 (s.d.) vs 6.88+/-1.00 mmol/l, P<0.01). Insulin increased rapidly in controls, while in T2DM subjects, plasma insulin did not rise in the first 10 min. After the glucose bolus, plasma ghrelin showed a significant reduction both in controls and in T2DM subjects after 5 min. CONCLUSION: These findings indicate that a low-dose i.v. glucose bolus reduces ghrelin both in controls and in T2DM subjects and therefore that early insulin response does not affect plasma ghrelin.

scholarly journals Body Mass Index, Fasting Plasma Glucose Levels, and C-peptide Levels as Predictors of the Future Insulin Use in Japanese Type 2 Diabetic Patients

2010 ◽  
Vol 57 (3) ◽  
pp. 237-244 ◽  
Author(s):  
Atsushi GOTO ◽  
Maki TAKAICHI ◽  
Miyako KISHIMOTO ◽  
Yoshihiko TAKAHASHI ◽  
Hiroshi KAJIO ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Plasma Glucose ◽  
Fasting Plasma Glucose ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Type 2 Diabetic Patients ◽  
C Peptide ◽  
Glucose Levels ◽  
Insulin Use ◽  
Type 2 Diabetic

Effect Of Kad-1229, A Novel Hypoglycaemic Agent, On Plasma Glucose Levels After Meal Load In Type 2 Diabetic Rats

2002 ◽  
Vol 29 (5-6) ◽  
pp. 423-427 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kiyoshi Ichikawa ◽  
Tokuhisa Yamato ◽  
Kazuma Ojima ◽  
Atsutoshi Tsuji ◽  
Kohtaro Ishikawa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Plasma Glucose ◽  
Diabetic Rats ◽  
Glucose Levels ◽  
Hypoglycaemic Agent ◽  
Type 2 Diabetic

Role of exercise intensity on GLUT4 content, aerobic fitness and fasting plasma glucose in type 2 diabetic mice

2015 ◽  
Vol 33 (7) ◽  
pp. 435-442 ◽  
Author(s):  
Verusca Najara Cunha ◽  
Mérica de Paula Lima ◽  
Daisy Motta-Santos ◽  
Jorge Luiz Pesquero ◽  
Rosangela Vieira de Andrade ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Aerobic Fitness ◽  
Plasma Glucose ◽  
Exercise Intensity ◽  
Fasting Plasma Glucose ◽  
Diabetic Mice ◽  
Fasting Plasma ◽  
Type 2 Diabetic

scholarly journals Postprandial endothelial activation in healthy subjects and in type 2 diabetic patients: Role of fat and carbohydrate meals

2002 ◽  
Vol 39 (7) ◽  
pp. 1145-1150 ◽  
Author(s):  
Francesco Nappo ◽  
Katherine Esposito ◽  
Michele Cioffi ◽  
Giovanni Giugliano ◽  
Anna Maria Molinari ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Healthy Subjects ◽  
Endothelial Activation ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Type 2 Diabetic Patients ◽  
Type 2 Diabetic

scholarly journals Changes in β-Cell Function in Offspring of Type-2 Diabetic Patients, as per Fasting and Two-Hour Plasma Glucose Levels

Cureus ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Edavan Pulikkanath Praveen ◽  
Sunil Chouhan ◽  
Jayaprakash Sahoo ◽  
Rajesh Khadgawat ◽  
Madan Lal Khurana ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Plasma Glucose ◽  
Cell Function ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Β Cell ◽  
Type 2 Diabetic Patients ◽  
Glucose Levels ◽  
Β Cell Function ◽  
Type 2 Diabetic

scholarly journals Comparison of Sonographically Evaluated Pre and Postprandial Gastric Antral Area in Type 2 Diabetics and Healthy Control Subjects

2016 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 82-87
Author(s):  
Md Abu Taher ◽  
Unan Sultana ◽  
AS Mohiuddin ◽  
Md Mofazzal Sharif ◽  
Farzana Shegufta ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Healthy Subjects ◽  
Healthy Controls ◽  
Group I ◽  
Type 2 Diabetics ◽  
Healthy Control ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Group Ii ◽  
Type 2 Diabetic ◽  
Antral Area

Background: Gastric motility associated with delayed gastric emptying occurs frequently in patients with diabetes mellitus. Ultrasonography play an important role by which the structure and function of the stomach can be assessed in an accurate and reproducible manner. Ultrasonographic measurement of antral cross sectional area provides a valid, cheap alternative to other costly modalities for early measurement of gastric emptying . Increased gastric antral area reflects delayed gastric emptying and gastroparesis in type 2 diabetic. Post prandial antral area is also increased in healthy subjects. But there is a significant difference in sonographically measured postprandial gastric antral area in type 2 diabetics and healthy control subjects. No such study was done previously with Bangladeshi diabetic subjects.Aims & Objective: This study was performed to compare pre and postprandial gastric antral area in type 2 diabetics and in healthy controls by ultrasonography in Bangladeshi subjects.Materials and methods: A total number of 45 consecutive type 2 diabetic subjects referred in the Department of Radiology and Imaging, BIRDEM, Dhaka, for ultrasonography of whole abdomen as routine checkup and 45 healthy subjects who underwent ultrasonography for whole abdomen for the period of one year, were enrolled in this study and were considered as group I and group II respectively. Smokers, snuff users, patients with connective tissue, cerebrovascular & endocrine diseases, receiving any drug affecting gastrointestinal motility, any previous gastriontestional tract surgery except appendisectomy were excluded from the study. All the selected subjects underwent B mode ultrasonogram of whole abdomen before and 90 mins after solid breakfast (two slices of bread and an egg). Unpaired t-test was done to compare pre and postprandial gastric antral area between type 2 diabetics and healthy controls and a P value <0.05 was taken as significant. Paired t-test was done to compare pre and postprandial gastric antral area of type 2 diabetic subjects and healthy controls and a P value <0.05 was taken as significant.Results: Majority (40.0%) of patients were in 5th decade in group I and most (31.1%) of the healthy subjects were in 4th decade. Females were predominant in both groups, which was 64.4% in group I and 66.7% in group II and female to male ratio was almost 2:1 (in the whole study subjects). In this present series it was observed that the mean preprandial gastric antral area (measured by ultrasonography) was 392.29±70.48 mm2 with range from 220 to 569 mm2 in group I and 245.27±60.59 mm2 with range from 115 to 387 mm2 in group II. On the other hand, the mean post-prandial gastric antral area (measured by ultrasonography) was 551.71±190.04 mm2 with range from 305 to 1134 mm2 and 307.82±80.87 mm2 with range from 159 to 545 mm2 in group I and group II respectively. The mean pre-prandial and post-prandial gastric antral area were significantly (P<0.05) higher in type 2 diabetic subjects and healthy control subjects.Conclusion: This study concluded that there is statistically significant difference between pre and postprandial gastric antral areas measured by B-mode ultrasonography in type 2 diabetics and healthy control Bangladeshi subjects which is similarly found in other studies. Thus ultrasonography may be routinely used to detect gastroparesis earlier in type 2 diabetics. However, whether duration of diabetes mellitus is a factor, should be studied with larger population.Birdem Med J 2015; 5(2): 82-87

scholarly journals Duplex Color Doppler Evaluation of Retinal Arterial Blood Flow in Type 2 Diabetic Subjects without Retinopathy

2014 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 168-173
Author(s):  
Mashah Binte Amin ◽  
Farzana Shegufta ◽  
Md Towhidur Rahman ◽  
Tarana Yasmin ◽  
Khaleda Parvin Rekha ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Healthy Subjects ◽  
Color Doppler ◽  
Peak Systolic Velocity ◽  
Resistive Index ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Diastolic Velocity ◽  
Healthy Control ◽  
Retinal Artery ◽  
Type 2 Diabetic

Background: Diabetic retinopathy is a vascular disorder affecting the microvasculature of retina. It is caused by changes in the blood vessels of retina. If untreated, it may lead to blindness which is usually preventable if retinopathy is diagnosed early and treated promptly. In ophthalmology, color Doppler imaging is a new method that enables us to assess the orbital vasculature. It allows for simultaneous two dimensional anatomical and Doppler evaluations of hemodynamic characteristics of retinal artery. Objective: To observe the difference between Doppler flow velocity indices (peak systolic velocity, end diastolic velocity and resistive index) of retinal artery in type 2 diabetic subjects without retinopathy and those of normal controls. Materials and Methods: This case-control study was carried out in the department of Radiology and Imaging, Bangladesh Institute of Research and Rehabilitation in Diabetes, Endocrine and Metabolic Disorders (BIRDEM) in collaboration with Ophthalmology Outpatient Department, BIRDEM, Dhaka from July 2011 to June 2013. Eighty diabetic patients without retinopathy aged 27–68 years were enrolled as cases and age and sex matched 80 healthy subjects were selected as controls. Type 1 diabetic patients, type 2 diabetics with retinopathy, hypertensive and dyslipidemic subjects were excluded from the study. All the selected subjects underwent duplex Doppler ultrasonography of both eyes using 5 to 7.5 MHZ linear phase transducer. Duplex color Doppler findings including spectral analysis (PSV, EDV and RI) were recorded. Unpaired t test was done to compare blood flow velocity indices of retinal artery in type 2 diabetic patients without retinopathy and that of healthy control subjects. p value <0.05 was considered as significant. Results: Majority (42.5% and 47.5%) of subjects were in 4th decade of life in both groups with predominance of males. The mean duration of diabetes was 4.56 ± 2.1 years. Mean peak systolic velocity (PSV) in 80 diabetic patients without retinopathy was 10.70 ± 1.50 cm/sec ranging 5.30–16.10 cm/sec and that of 80 healthy subjects was 11.27 ± 0.98 cm/sec ranging 9.0–13.10 cm/sec. Mean end diastolic velocity (EDV) in 80 diabetic patients without retinopathy was 2.58 ± 0.67 cm/sec ranging 1.00 –5.10 cm/sec and that of 80 healthy subjects was 4.11 ± 2.7 cm/sec ranging 3.00–4.60 cm/sec. Mean resistive index (RI) in 80 diabetic patients without retinopathy was 0.75 ± 0.04 ranging 0.66–0.81 and that of 80 healthy subjects was 0.64 ± 0.02 ranging 0.60–0.70. Mean difference of retinal arterial RI of diabetic subjects without retinopathy and healthy control eyes was statistically significant (p<0.001). Conclusion: From the present study it can be concluded that, there is statistically significant difference between retinal arterial RI of type 2 diabetic patients without retinopathy and that of healthy control adult subjects. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jemc.v4i3.20948 J Enam Med Col 2014; 4(3): 168-173

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