Insulin sensitivity in Turner's syndrome: influence of GH treatment

OBJECTIVE: Excessive GH secretion may lead to secondary diabetes mellitus, while prolonged GH treatment may accelerate the onset of type 2 diabetes mellitus in predisposed individuals. Turner's syndrome (TS) patients are a population at risk since they have reduced glucose tolerance (GT) spontaneously and because they are usually treated with high doses of GH. DESIGN AND METHODS: The aim of the study was to evaluate insulin sensitivity (IS) and glucose tolerance (GT) in a group of TS patients treated with GH for a period of 6 years. Forty-seven TS girls were included in the study. GH was administered at a mean weekly dosage of 0.35 mg/kg, injected subcutaneously over 6-7 days. GT was assessed according to the criteria of the Expert Committee on the Diagnosis and Classification of Diabetes Mellitus. IS was evaluated with the quantitative insulin sensitivity check index (QUICK-I). RESULTS: No significant increase of impaired GT was observed in the patients during the follow-up period, while a reduced IS was detected. IS in TS patients was already lower than in prepubertal controls (P<0.001) before starting treatment and further decreased during the first year of therapy (P<0.05), and then remained stable over the following years. No correlation was found between QUICK-I, body mass index, years of treatment, onset and duration of puberty. One patient became diabetic during the course of treatment. CONCLUSIONS: GH treatment in TS girls does not significantly increase the prevalence of impaired GT or type 2 diabetes mellitus, while it does, however, decrease IS.

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Hypoglycaemic effect of catalpol in a mouse model of high-fat diet-induced prediabetes

Applied Physiology Nutrition and Metabolism ◽

10.1139/apnm-2020-0075 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 45 (10) ◽

pp. 1127-1137 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Dengqiu Xu ◽

Xiaofei Huang ◽

Hozeifa M. Hassan ◽

Lu Wang ◽

Sijia Li ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Diabetes Mellitus ◽

Type 2 Diabetes ◽

Skeletal Muscle ◽

Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus ◽

Insulin Sensitivity ◽

Glucose Tolerance ◽

Mouse Model ◽

Fasting Glucose ◽

Hypoglycaemic Effect

Type 2 diabetes mellitus is a major health problem and a societal burden. Individuals with prediabetes are at increased risk of type 2 diabetes mellitus. Catalpol, an iridoid glycoside, has been reported to exert a hypoglycaemic effect in db/db mice, but its effect on the progression of prediabetes is unclear. In this study, we established a mouse model of prediabetes and examined the hypoglycaemic effect, and the mechanism of any such effect, of catalpol. Catalpol (200 mg/(kg·day)) had no effect on glucose tolerance or the serum lipid level in a mouse model of impaired glucose tolerance-stage prediabetes. However, catalpol (200 mg/(kg·day)) increased insulin sensitivity and decreased the fasting glucose level in a mouse model of impaired fasting glucose/impaired glucose tolerance-stage prediabetes. Moreover, catalpol increased the mitochondrial membrane potential (1.52-fold) and adenosine triphosphate content (1.87-fold) in skeletal muscle and improved skeletal muscle function. These effects were mediated by activation of the insulin receptor-1/glucose transporter type 4 (IRS-1/GLUT4) signalling pathway in skeletal muscle. Our findings will facilitate the development of a novel approach to suppressing the progression of diabetes at an early stage. Novelty Catalpol prevents the progression of prediabetes in a mouse model of prediabetes. Catalpol improves insulin sensitivity in skeletal muscle. The effects of catalpol are mediated by activation of the IRS-1/GLUT4 signalling pathway.

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