scholarly journals Transient global amnesia associated with migraine triggered by anxiety under the effects of the coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic: A case report

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 74-76
Author(s):  
Chunhui Yang
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Cranial Nerves ◽  
Metabolic Stress ◽  
Transient Global Amnesia ◽  
Sudden Onset ◽  
Clinical Syndrome ◽  
Asian Woman ◽  
Ca1 Neurons ◽  
Retrograde Memory ◽  
Global Amnesia

Transient global amnesia (TGA) is a clinical syndrome featured with the sudden onset of primarily short-term loss of anterograde as well as a milder decline of retrograde memory. The etiology is still unclear. Various risk factors relate with TGA and it is thought the vulnerability of CA1 neurons to metabolic stress plays an important role in the pathophysiological cascade. During the quarantine period of the coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic, a 53-year-old Asian woman with 30 years of migraine history presented the emergency department for the first time to evaluate a sudden onset confusion and forgetfulness with repetitive questioning during migraine attack. Neurologic examination showed preserved orientations for time and person and no abnormalities in motor, speech, sensory, coordination, or cranial nerves. No focal Neurologic finding. Her memory gradually improved and restored to normal baseline over the course of a 24-hour in-patient stay. However, are trograde memory gap still existed a month after the TGA attack. The pathogenesis of TGA is unknown and many risk factors are associated with it, but among them migraine is considered a major risk factor, particularly in female patients aged 40-60 years. The anxiety stressor is a significant trigger for TGA. The pathophysiology argues that the vulnerability of CA1 neurons to metabolic stress plays an important role in TGA.

scholarly journals Checkpoint inhibitor develops histological autoimmune pancreatitis like type 1 diabetes. A case report

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 74-76
Author(s):  
Carlo de riva
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Cranial Nerves ◽  
Metabolic Stress ◽  
Transient Global Amnesia ◽  
Sudden Onset ◽  
Clinical Syndrome ◽  
Asian Woman ◽  
Ca1 Neurons ◽  
Retrograde Memory ◽  
Global Amnesia

Transient global amnesia (TGA) is a clinical syndrome featured with the sudden onset of primarily short-term loss of anterograde as well as a milder decline of retrograde memory. The etiology is still unclear. Various risk factors relate with TGA and it is thought the vulnerability of CA1 neurons to metabolic stress plays an important role in the pathophysiological cascade. During the quarantine period of the coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic, a 53-year-old Asian woman with 30 years of migraine history presented the emergency department for the first time to evaluate a sudden onset confusion and forgetfulness with repetitive questioning during migraine attack. Neurologic examination showed preserved orientations for time and person and no abnormalities in motor, speech, sensory, coordination, or cranial nerves. No focal Neurologic finding. Her memory gradually improved and restored to normal baseline over the course of a 24-hour in-patient stay. However, are trograde memory gap still existed a month after the TGA attack. The pathogenesis of TGA is unknown and many risk factors are associated with it, but among them migraine is considered a major risk factor, particularly in female patients aged 40-60 years. The anxiety stressor is a significant trigger for TGA. The pathophysiology argues that the vulnerability of CA1 neurons to metabolic stress plays an important role in TGA.

097 A rare case of recurrent transient global amnesia

2018 ◽  
Vol 89 (6) ◽  
pp. A38.3-A39
Author(s):  
Sameer Saleem ◽  
Ronak Patel ◽  
Yash Gawarikar
Keyword(s):  
Transient Global Amnesia ◽  
Anterograde Amnesia ◽  
Epileptic Activity ◽  
Sudden Onset ◽  
Clinical Syndrome ◽  
Slice Thickness ◽  
Diagnostic Dilemma ◽  
Monthly Basis ◽  
Neurology Clinic ◽  
Global Amnesia

IntroductionTransient global amnesia (TGA) is a clinical syndrome characterised by the sudden onset of anterograde amnesia accompanied by repetitive questioning, sometimes with a retrograde component, lasting up to 24 hours, without compromise of other neurologic functions.CaseA 71 year old male presented to the neurology clinic with history of recurrent episodes of reversible anterograde amnesia with repetitive questioning. His first two episodes were in May 2016 and clinically very typical of TGA. After that he had recurrent episodes and he noted that they were happening on a monthly basis. He had an episode on 24 March 2017 at Yangon airport as he was returning from a trip to Myanmar. He had had three episodes in February 2017 and two in March and April 2017 and one episode on 20 May 2017. Initial MRI brain showed frontotemporal atrophy suggestive of Alzheimer’s disease and there was hypo-perfusion on the nuclear medicine study. EEG did not show any epileptic activity. His partner described a typical episode where the patient lost his memory for the preceding 24 hours and he had repetitive questioning such as ”what day is it” repeatedly. During the entire episode, he was conscious and able to converse appropriately. He had another episode of amnesia on 19 August and was admitted and underwent an MRI of brain, which showed characteristic punctate abnormalities in the bilateral hippocampi on B2000 DWI.ConclusionThe estimated annual rate of recurrence of TGA is 5.8%. Diagnosis is made from typical clinical features and typical MRI DWI findings of punctate lesions in the hippocampal with a DWI resolution of B=2000, and a thin slice thickness of 2 to 3 mm. Our patient had 11 documented episodes of transient amnesia and was a diagnostic dilemma until the characteristic hippocampal abnormalities were demonstrated on MRI.

Conventional cardiovascular risk factors in Transient Global Amnesia: Systematic review and proposition of a novel hypothesis

2021 ◽  
Vol 61 ◽  
pp. 100909
Author(s):  
Ioannis Liampas ◽  
Maria Raptopoulou ◽  
Vasileios Siokas ◽  
Christos Bakirtzis ◽  
Zisis Tsouris ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Systematic Review ◽  
Cardiovascular Risk ◽  
Cardiovascular Risk Factors ◽  
Transient Global Amnesia ◽  
Global Amnesia

Transient Global Amnesia - Risk Factors and Putative Background

2020 ◽  
Vol 68 (3) ◽  
pp. 624
Author(s):  
Marta Waliszewska-Prosol ◽  
Marta Nowakowska-Kotas ◽  
Joanna Bladowska ◽  
Paulina Papier ◽  
Sławomir Budrewicz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Transient Global Amnesia ◽  
Global Amnesia

scholarly journals Persistent Retrograde Memory Deficit After Transient Global Amnesia

Cortex ◽  
1980 ◽  
Vol 16 (3) ◽  
pp. 509-518 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gustavo Roman-Campos ◽  
Charles M. Poser ◽  
Frank B. Wood
Keyword(s):  
Transient Global Amnesia ◽  
Memory Deficit ◽  
Retrograde Memory ◽  
Global Amnesia

scholarly journals Can We Remember Future Actions yet Forget the Last Two Minutes? Study in Transient Global Amnesia

2011 ◽  
Vol 23 (12) ◽  
pp. 4138-4149 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mathieu Hainselin ◽  
Peggy Quinette ◽  
Béatrice Desgranges ◽  
Olivier Martinaud ◽  
Didier Hannequin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Episodic Memory ◽  
Executive Functions ◽  
Memory Task ◽  
Transient Global Amnesia ◽  
Abrupt Onset ◽  
Memory Deficit ◽  
Clinical Syndrome ◽  
Clinical Consequences ◽  
Global Amnesia ◽  
The Impact

Transient global amnesia (TGA) is a clinical syndrome characterized by the abrupt onset of a massive episodic memory deficit that spares other cognitive functions. If the anterograde dimension is known to be impaired in TGA, researchers have yet to investigate prospective memory (PM)—which involves remembering to perform an intended action at some point in the future—in this syndrome. Furthermore, as executive functions are thought to be spared in this syndrome, TGA provides an opportunity to examine the impact of a massive “pure” memory impairment on PM. We assessed 38 patients with a newly designed protocol that distinguished between the prospective (remembering to do something at the appropriate time) and retrospective (remembering what has to be done) components of PM. Moreover, we investigated episodic memory with an anterograde memory task and assessed executive functions, anxiety and mood, as well as their links with PM. We demonstrated that PM is impaired during TGA, with a greater deficit for the retrospective component than for the prospective component. Furthermore, we highlighted a strong link between these two components. Anterograde episodic memory impairments were correlated with retrospective component deficits in TGA patients, although we were able to confirm that executive functions are globally spared. We discuss this pattern of results within the theoretical framework of PM, putting forward new arguments in favor of the idea that PM deficits can occur mainly because of a massive anterograde memory deficit. The clinical consequences of PM impairment in TGA are examined.

Focal Lesions of Human Hippocampal CA1 Neurons in Transient Global Amnesia Impair Place Memory

Science ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 328 (5984) ◽  
pp. 1412-1415 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. Bartsch ◽  
R. Schonfeld ◽  
F. J. Muller ◽  
K. Alfke ◽  
B. Leplow ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Transient Global Amnesia ◽  
Focal Lesions ◽  
Ca1 Neurons ◽  
Place Memory ◽  
Hippocampal Ca1 Neurons ◽  
Hippocampal Ca1 ◽  
Global Amnesia

scholarly journals Selective Neuronal Vulnerability of Human Hippocampal CA1 Neurons: Lesion Evolution, Temporal Course, and Pattern of Hippocampal Damage in Diffusion-Weighted MR Imaging

2015 ◽  
Vol 35 (11) ◽  
pp. 1836-1845 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thorsten Bartsch ◽  
Juliane Döhring ◽  
Sigrid Reuter ◽  
Carsten Finke ◽  
Axel Rohr ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Time Course ◽  
Transient Global Amnesia ◽  
Hippocampal Damage ◽  
Valuable Insight ◽  
Ca1 Neurons ◽  
Ca1 Region ◽  
Hippocampal Ca1 ◽  
Temporal Course ◽  
Cornu Ammonis ◽  
Global Amnesia

The CA1 (cornu ammonis) region of hippocampus is selectively vulnerable to a variety of metabolic and cytotoxic insults, which is mirrored in a delayed neuronal death of CA1 neurons. The basis and mechanisms of this regional susceptibility of CA1 neurons are poorly understood, and the correlates in human diseases affecting the hippocampus are not clear. Adopting a translational approach, the lesion evolution, temporal course, pattern of diffusion changes, and damage in hippocampal CA1 in acute neurologic disorders were studied using high-resolution magnetic resonance imaging. In patients with hippocampal ischemia ( n = 50), limbic encephalitis ( n = 30), after status epilepticus ( n = 17), and transient global amnesia ( n = 53), the CA1 region was selectively affected compared with other CA regions of the hippocampus. CA1 neurons exhibited a maximum decrease of apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) 48 to 72 hours after the insult, irrespective of the nature of the insult. Hypoxic-ischemic insults led to a significant lower ADC suggesting that the ischemic insult results in a stronger impairment of cellular metabolism. The evolution of diffusion changes show that CA1 diffusion lesions mirror the delayed time course of the pathophysiologic cascade typically observed in animal models. Studying the imaging correlates of hippocampal damage in humans provides valuable insight into the pathophysiology and neurobiology of the hippocampus.

scholarly journals How to forget a “traumatic” experience: a case report of transient global amnesia after nasopharyngeal swab for Coronavirus disease 19

BMC Neurology ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sabrina Ravaglia ◽  
Antonio Zito ◽  
Lara Ahmad ◽  
Isabella Canavero
Keyword(s):  
Short Term Memory ◽  
Brain Mri ◽  
Memory Loss ◽  
Transient Global Amnesia ◽  
Clinical Syndrome ◽  
Traumatic Experience ◽  
Nasopharyngeal Swab ◽  
Medical Procedures ◽  
Diffusion Weight Image ◽  
Global Amnesia

Abstract Background Transient global amnesia (TGA) is a clinical syndrome characterized by a temporary short-term memory loss with inability to retain new memories, usually lasting 2 to 8 h. TGA may be related to several medical procedures, including angiography, general anesthesia, gastroscopy. Case presentation We report a 58-year-old woman who experiencing TGA one hour after the execution of her first-time nasopharyngeal swab for COVID-19. Brain MRI showed a typical punctate Diffusion Weight Image (DWI) hippocampal lesion. Conclusions This is the first report of TGA after the execution of nasopharyngeal swab for COVID-19. This association lengthen the list of medical procedures associated with TGA, and we discuss the possible plausible mechanisms by which a nasopharyngeal swab could trigger TGA.

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