scholarly journals Biological diagnosis of inflammatory bowel disease: current ideas and future achievements.

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 (1) ◽  
pp. 103-108
Author(s):  
T.D. Zvyagintseva ◽  
◽  
A.V. Yaroshenko ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Inflammatory Bowel Disease ◽  
Bowel Disease ◽  
Fecal Calprotectin ◽  
Phase Changes ◽  
Clinical Activity ◽  
Adequate Treatment ◽  
Reactive Protein ◽  
Inflammatory Bowel ◽  
Biological Methods ◽  
Fecal Biomarkers

Article presents review of new biological methods for the diagnosis of IBD. The problem of late diagnosis of IBD remains relevant because of increased frequency of adverse consequences of the disease by increasing the length of the period when patients do not receive adequate treatment. Well-known today are biological markers of inflammatory bowel disease, which are determined by non-invasive methods and are often an alternative to colonoscopy. C-reactive protein (CRP) is recognized as one of the most important proteins in the acute inflammation phase. Changes in the content of fecal calprotectin (FCP) in patients with IBD due to the clinical activity of inflammatory bowel disease and are closely related to the extent of colon damage. New fecal biomarkers such as Defensin, Myeloperoxidase, Pyruvate kinase, Lipocalin and others are a sensitive tool for screening for inflammation of the intestine and an indicator of its severity. New fecal markers may help improve the diagnosis, evaluation, and clinical outcomes of treatment of patients with inflammatory bowel disease.

scholarly journals Surrogate Fecal Biomarkers in Inflammatory Bowel Disease: Rivals or Complementary Tools of Fecal Calprotectin?

2017 ◽  
Vol 24 (1) ◽  
pp. 78-92 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mirko Di Ruscio ◽  
Filippo Vernia ◽  
Antonio Ciccone ◽  
Giuseppe Frieri ◽  
Giovanni Latella
Keyword(s):  
Inflammatory Bowel Disease ◽  
Bowel Disease ◽  
Intestinal Inflammation ◽  
Fecal Calprotectin ◽  
Response To Therapy ◽  
Polymorphonuclear Neutrophil ◽  
Cochrane Library ◽  
Clinical Relapse ◽  
Inflammatory Bowel ◽  
Fecal Biomarkers

Abstract Background Current noninvasive methods for assessing intestinal inflammation in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) remain unsatisfactory. Along with C-reactive protein and erythrocyte sedimentation rate, fecal calprotectin (FC) is the standard test for assessing IBD activity, even though its specificity and accuracy are not optimal and it lacks a validated cutoff. Over the past few decades, several fecal markers released from intestinal inflammatory cells have been investigated in IBD; they are the subject of this systematic review. Methods A systematic electronic search of the English literature up to April 2017 was performed using Medline and the Cochrane Library. Only papers written in English that analyzed fecal biomarkers in IBD were included. In vitro studies, animal studies, studies on blood/serum samples, and studies analyzing FC or fecal lactoferrin alone were excluded. Results Out of 1023 citations, 125 eligible studies were identified. Data were grouped according to each fecal marker including S100A12, high-mobility group box 1, neopterin, polymorphonuclear neutrophil elastase, fecal hemoglobin, alpha1-antitrypsin, human neutrophil peptides, neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin, chitinase 3-like-1, matrix metalloproteinase 9, lysozyme, M2-pyruvate kinase, myeloperoxidase, fecal eosinophil proteins, human beta-defensin-2, and beta-glucuronidase. Some of these markers showed a high sensitivity and specificity and correlated with disease activity, response to therapy, and mucosal healing. Furthermore, they showed a potential utility in the prediction of clinical relapse. Conclusions Several fecal biomarkers have the potential to become useful tools complementing FC in IBD diagnosis and monitoring. However, wide variability in their accuracy in assessment of intestinal inflammation suggests the need for further studies.

scholarly journals Intestinal Ultrasound to Evaluate Treatment Response During Pregnancy in Patients With Inflammatory Bowel Disease

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Floris De Voogd ◽  
Harshad Joshi ◽  
Elsa Van Wassenaer ◽  
Steven Bots ◽  
Geert D’Haens ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Inflammatory Bowel Disease ◽  
Disease Activity ◽  
Treatment Response ◽  
Bowel Disease ◽  
Objective Evaluation ◽  
Fecal Calprotectin ◽  
Clinical Activity ◽  
Third Trimester ◽  
Inflammatory Bowel ◽  
Active Disease

Abstract Introduction Active disease in inflammatory bowel disease patients during pregnancy is associated with poor maternal and fetal outcomes. Objective evaluation of disease activity is a core strategy in IBD, and during pregnancy noninvasive modalities are preferred. We aimed to evaluate feasibility and accuracy of intestinal ultrasound (IUS) to objectify disease activity throughout pregnancy. Methods Pregnant patients with known IBD were included and followed throughout pregnancy for clinical disease activity, with fecal calprotectin (FCP) and with IUS every trimester. Feasibility of IUS was assessed for all colonic segments and terminal ileum (TI). Intestinal ultrasound outcomes to detect active disease and treatment response were compared with clinical scores combined with FCP. Results In total, 38 patients (22 CD, 16 UC) were included, with 27 patients having serial IUS. Feasibility of IUS decreases significantly in third trimester for TI (first vs third trimester: 91.3% vs 21.7%, P < .0001) and sigmoid (first vs third trimester: 95.6% vs 69.5%, P = .023). Intestinal ultrasound activity showed moderate to strong correlation with clinical activity (r = 0.60, P < .0001) and FCP (r = 0.73, P < .0001). Throughout pregnancy, IUS distinguished active from quiescent disease with 84% sensitivity and 98% specificity according to FCP combined with clinical activity. IUS showed disease activity in >1 segment in 52% of patients and detected treatment response with 80% sensitivity and 92% specificity. Conclusions IUS is feasible and accurate throughout pregnancy, although visualization of the sigmoid and TI decreases in the third trimester. IUS provides objective information on disease activity, extent, and treatment response, even during second and third trimester, and offers a noninvasive strategy to closely monitor patients during pregnancy.

scholarly journals Leucine-rich alpha-2 glycoprotein as a marker of mucosal healing in inflammatory bowel disease

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Eriko Yasutomi ◽  
Toshihiro Inokuchi ◽  
Sakiko Hiraoka ◽  
Kensuke Takei ◽  
Shoko Igawa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ulcerative Colitis ◽  
Inflammatory Bowel Disease ◽  
Bowel Disease ◽  
Fecal Calprotectin ◽  
Mucosal Healing ◽  
C Reactive Protein ◽  
Reactive Protein ◽  
Immunochemical Test ◽  
Fecal Markers ◽  
Inflammatory Bowel

AbstractLeucine-rich alpha-2 glycoprotein (LRG) may be a novel serum biomarker for patients with inflammatory bowel disease. The association of LRG with the endoscopic activity and predictability of mucosal healing (MH) was determined and compared with those of C-reactive protein (CRP) and fecal markers (fecal immunochemical test [FIT] and fecal calprotectin [Fcal]) in 166 ulcerative colitis (UC) and 56 Crohn’s disease (CD) patients. In UC, LRG was correlated with the endoscopic activity and could predict MH, but the performance was not superior to that of fecal markers (areas under the curve [AUCs] for predicting MH: LRG: 0.61, CRP: 0.59, FIT: 0.75, and Fcal: 0.72). In CD, the performance of LRG was equivalent to that of CRP and Fcal (AUCs for predicting MH: LRG: 0.82, CRP: 0.82, FIT: 0.70, and Fcal: 0.88). LRG was able to discriminate patients with MH from those with endoscopic activity among UC and CD patients with normal CRP levels. LRG was associated with endoscopic activity and could predict MH in both UC and CD patients. It may be particularly useful in CD.

scholarly journals Biochemical Biomarkers of Mucosal Healing for Inflammatory Bowel Disease in Adults

Diagnostics ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (6) ◽  
pp. 367 ◽  
Author(s):  
Małgorzata Krzystek-Korpacka ◽  
Radosław Kempiński ◽  
Mariusz Bromke ◽  
Katarzyna Neubauer
Keyword(s):  
Inflammatory Bowel Disease ◽  
Bowel Disease ◽  
Fecal Calprotectin ◽  
Mucosal Healing ◽  
Serum Marker ◽  
Lipocalin 2 ◽  
Comprehensive Overview ◽  
Reactive Protein ◽  
Golden Standard ◽  
Inflammatory Bowel

Mucosal healing (MH) is the key therapeutic target of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). The evaluation of MH remains challenging, with endoscopy being the golden standard. We performed a comprehensive overview of the performance of fecal-, serum-, and urine-based biochemical markers in colonic IBD to find out whether we are ready to replace endoscopy with a non-invasive but equally accurate instrument. A Pubmed, Web of Knowledge, and Scopus search of original articles as potential MH markers in adults, published between January 2009 and March 2020, was conducted. Finally, 84 eligible studies were identified. The most frequently studied fecal marker was calprotectin (44 studies), with areas under the curves (AUCs) ranging from 0.70 to 0.99 in ulcerative colitis (UC) and from 0.70 to 0.94 in Crohn`s disease (CD), followed by lactoferrin (4 studies), matrix metalloproteinase-9 (3 studies), and lipocalin-2 (3 studies). The most frequently studied serum marker was C-reactive protein (30 studies), with AUCs ranging from 0.60 to 0.96 in UC and from 0.64 to 0.93 in CD. Fecal calprotectin is an accurate MH marker in IBD in adults; however, it cannot replace endoscopy and the application of calprotectin is hampered by the lack of standardization concerning the cut-off value. Other markers are either not sufficiently accurate or have not been studied extensively enough.

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