Adolescent Vaccination-Coverage Levels in the United States: 2006-2009

What is already known about this topic? The highly transmissible SARS-CoV-2 Delta variant has begun to cause increases in cases, hospitalizations, and deaths in parts of the United States. With slowed vaccination uptake, this novel variant is expected to increase the risk of pandemic resurgence in the US in July-December 2021. What is added by this report? Data from nine mechanistic models project substantial resurgences of COVID-19 across the US resulting from the more transmissible Delta variant. These resurgences, which have now been observed in most states, were projected to occur across most of the US, coinciding with school and business reopening. Reaching higher vaccine coverage in July-December 2021 reduces the size and duration of the projected resurgence substantially. The expected impact of the outbreak is largely concentrated in a subset of states with lower vaccination coverage. What are the implications for public health practice? Renewed efforts to increase vaccination uptake are critical to limiting transmission and disease, particularly in states with lower current vaccination coverage. Reaching higher vaccination goals in the coming months can potentially avert 1.5 million cases and 21,000 deaths and improve the ability to safely resume social contacts, and educational and business activities. Continued or renewed non-pharmaceutical interventions, including masking, can also help limit transmission, particularly as schools and businesses reopen.

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COVID-19 Incidence and Hospitalization Rates are Inversely Related to Vaccination Coverage Among the 112 Most Populous Counties in the United States

10.1101/2021.08.17.21262195 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Jeffrey E. Harris

Keyword(s):

United States ◽

Vaccination Coverage ◽

Hospital Admissions ◽

The United States ◽

Lower Half ◽

Linear Regression Models ◽

Percentage Point Increase ◽

Hospitalization Rates ◽

Point Increase ◽

Log Linear

AbstractWe tested whether COVID-19 incidence and hospitalization rates were inversely related to vaccination coverage among the 112 most populous counties in the United States, each with a population exceeding 600,000. We measured vaccination coverage as the percent of the total population fully vaccinated as of July 15, 2021, with the exception of 11 Texas counties, where the cutoff date was July 14, 2021. We measured COVID-19 incidence as the number of confirmed cases per 100,000 population during the 14-day period ending August 12, 2021. We measured hospitalization rates as the number of confirmed COVID-19 admissions per 100,000 population during the same 14-day period. COVID-19 incidence was significantly higher among counties in the lower half of the distribution of vaccination coverage (incidence 543.8 per 100,000 among 56 counties with mean coverage 42.61%) than among counties in the lower half of the distribution of coverage (incidence 280.7 per 100,000 among 56 counties with mean coverage 57.37%, p < 0.0001). Hospital admissions were also significantly higher among counties in the lower half of the distribution (55.37 per 100,000) than in the upper half of the distribution (20.48 per 100,000, p < 0.0001). In log-linear regression models, a 10-percentage-point increase in vaccination coverage was associated with a 28.3% decrease in COVID-19 incidence (95% confidence interval, 16.8 – 39.7%), a 44.9 percent increase in the rate of COVID-19 hospitalization (95% CI, 28.8 – 61.0%), and a 16.6% decrease in COVID-19 hospitalizations per 100 cases (95% CI, 8.4 – 24.8%). Higher vaccination coverage is associated not only with significantly lower COVID-19 incidence, but also significantly less severe cases of the disease.

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1646. Education Level is Associated with Tetanus Vaccine Coverage: Results from the 2016 BRFSS

Open Forum Infectious Diseases ◽

10.1093/ofid/ofz360.1510 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 6 (Supplement_2) ◽

pp. S601-S602

Author(s):

Camerin Rencken ◽

Siraj Amanullah ◽

Annie Gjelsvik ◽

Shira Dunsiger

Keyword(s):

Higher Education ◽

United States ◽

Vaccination Coverage ◽

College Education ◽

The United States ◽

Education Level ◽

Vaccination Status ◽

Tetanus Vaccine ◽

Tetanus Vaccination ◽

Grade 11

Abstract Background Vaccination coverage among US adults for tetanus, a potentially fatal disease, continues to be lower than the national goals. Education has been considered to have positive impact on vaccination coverage. However, recently there have been outbreaks of vaccine preventable conditions in areas with high college completion rates. This study aims to assess the relationship between education and vaccination coverage. Specifically, we looked at the association between education level and tetanus vaccination status of the US adults. Methods Data from the 2016 Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System, a self-reported annual survey for non-institutionalized adults in the United States from the Centers for Disease Control, were analyzed. The outcome was up-to-date tetanus coverage (within the last 10 years) defined by the response to: have you received tetanus vaccine since 2005? Education was stratified into four categories: (1) grade 11 or less, (2) grade 12/GED, 3) college 1–3 years, and (4) college 4 or more years. Bivariate analyses and multivariable logistic regression were conducted on the analytic sample (n = 417,473) using Stata 15, accounting for weighting and the complex survey design of the BRFSS. Results This study identified that 59.9% of US adults are up-to-date on the tetanus vaccine status (Table 1). Higher education level was found to be associated with increased odds of up to date tetanus vaccination. The highest odds were for those with 4 or more years of college education [aOR = 1.31; 95% CI: 1.26–1.35)] while the lowest odds were for those less than grade 11 education, when compared with those with a high school degree [aOR = 0.93; 95% CI: 0.88–0.98] (Figure 1). Other covariates identified as negatively associated with up-to-date tetanus status were race/ethnicity, female sex, unemployment, not being married, not having insurance or a personal healthcare provider, and being above 45 years of age (Figure 1). Conclusion This study identified a positive association between up-to-date tetanus status and higher education level. Introducing community-specific vaccination education programs for those without tertiary education, especially for those above age 45 and without insurance, may help increase the overall vaccination status in the United States. Disclosures All authors: No reported disclosures.

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