Soaps and Shampoos in Pediatric Practice

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1987 ◽  
Vol 80 (5) ◽  
pp. 634-637
Author(s):  
Joseph G. Morelli ◽  
William L. Weston

Cleansing of the skin and hair is part of the daily routine of all neonates, infants, toddlers, children, and adolescents. Numerous soap and shampoo products are available to the consumer. The pediatrician is often asked to comment on the safety and efficacy of these products. Little information is available to help the pediatrician make a rational decision. The list of ingredients on the package are seldom useful and can be confusing. The theoretical and practical considerations leading to the addition of the major constituents of soaps and shampoos are reviewed and guidelines for the use of soaps and shampoos under normal circumstances and in a few selected conditions are suggested.

Author(s):  
Paul M. Ryan ◽  
Sean Seltzer ◽  
Nathaniel E. Hayward ◽  
David Avelar Rodriguez ◽  
Ryan T. Sless ◽  
...  

Author(s):  
E. E. Lokshina ◽  
O. V. Zaytseva ◽  
S. V. Zaytseva

Fever in children is one of the most common reasons for seeking medical care and use of antipyretic drugs. The reasons can be various. It is extremely important for the pediatrician to find the cause of the fever and prescribe adequate therapy. Antipyretic drugs are symptomatic, they only relieve the condition of the child and improve the quality of life. The article reviews national and international studies and clinical guidelines of professional communities on fever in children. Currently, only ibuprofen and paracetamol fully meet the safety and efficacy criteria, and they are recommended for use in pediatric practice as antipyretic drugs.


Key Points Hypertension is becoming increasingly common in pediatric practice, affecting children and, particularly, adolescents. The epidemic of obesity among children and adolescents is likely a major contributor to the rise in hypertension. Pediatric hypertension predicts adult hypertension, with its consequences. Hypertension is associated with the metabolic syndrome and its risk for cardiovascular morbidity.


2019 ◽  
Vol 71 (10) ◽  
pp. 2581-2588 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joshua Wolf ◽  
Krisztina Kalocsai ◽  
Claudia Fortuny ◽  
Stefan Lazar ◽  
Samantha Bosis ◽  
...  

Abstract Background Fidaxomicin, a narrow-spectrum antibiotic approved for Clostridioides (Clostridium) difficile infection (CDI) in adults, is associated with lower rates of recurrence than vancomycin; however, pediatric data are limited. This multicenter, investigator-blind, phase 3, parallel-group trial assessed the safety and efficacy of fidaxomicin in children. Methods Patients aged <18 years with confirmed CDI were randomized 2:1 to 10 days of treatment with fidaxomicin (suspension or tablets, twice daily) or vancomycin (suspension or tablets, 4 times daily). Safety assessments included treatment-emergent adverse events. The primary efficacy end point was confirmed clinical response (CCR), 2 days after the end of treatment (EOT). Secondary end points included global cure (GC; CCR without CDI recurrence) 30 days after EOT (end of study; EOS). Plasma and stool concentrations of fidaxomicin and its active metabolite OP-1118 were measured. Results Of 148 patients randomized, 142 were treated (30 <2 years old). The proportion of participants with treatment-emergent adverse events was similar with fidaxomicin (73.5%) and vancomycin (75.0%). Of 3 deaths in the fidaxomicin arm during the study, none were CDI or treatment related. The rate of CCR at 2 days after EOT was 77.6% (76 of 98 patients) with fidaxomicin and 70.5% (31 of 44) with vancomycin, whereas the rate of GC at EOS was significantly higher in participants receiving fidaxomicin (68.4% vs 50.0%; adjusted treatment difference, 18.8%; 95% confidence interval, 1.5%–35.3%). Systemic absorption of fidaxomicin and OP-1118 was minimal, and stool concentrations were high. Conclusions Compared with vancomycin, fidaxomicin was well tolerated and demonstrated significantly higher rates of GC in children and adolescents with CDI. Clinical Trials Registration NCT02218372


2017 ◽  
Vol 198 (4) ◽  
pp. 928-936 ◽  
Author(s):  
Donald Newgreen ◽  
Brigitte Bosman ◽  
Adriana Hollestein-Havelaar ◽  
Ellen Dahler ◽  
Robin Besuyen ◽  
...  

2018 ◽  
Vol 66 (6) ◽  
pp. 893-897 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jonathan E. Markowitz ◽  
Laura Jobe ◽  
Michelle Miller ◽  
Carrie Frost ◽  
Zegilor Laney ◽  
...  

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