scholarly journals Syntaxonomy and ecological differentiation of the pioneer vegetation of Ukraine. 2. Helichryso-Crucianelletea maritimae, Festucetea vaginatae, Koelerio-Corynephoretea canescentis classes

2020 ◽  
Vol 28 (3) ◽  
pp. 298-319
Author(s):  
D. V. Dubyna ◽  
Т. P. Dziuba ◽  
S. M. Iemelianova ◽  
P. A. Tymoshenko
Keyword(s):  
Soil Acidity ◽  
Soil Composition ◽  
Ecological Differentiation ◽  
Wind Drift ◽  
Natural Zones ◽  
River Terraces ◽  
Dca Ordination ◽  
European System ◽  
Littoral Vegetation ◽  
Psammophytic Vegetation

Pioneer psammophytic vegetation is usually developed on wind-drift sandy substrates such as arenas, spits, beaches, river terraces, and this vegetation occupies significant areas in all three natural zones of Ukraine. The Koelerio-Corynephoretea canescentis class was represented by 13 associations, 3 alliances and 1 order; Festucetea vaginatae class by 22 associations, 2 alliances and 1 order; Helichryso-Crucianelletea maritimae by 10 associations, 4 alliances and 1 order. The results of cluster analysis and synoptic tables of the classes are presented. 9 alliances are briefly described. Leading factors of territorial and ecological differentiation are identified. It was found that the territorial distribution of plant communities is influenced by the character of ecotope mesorelief, soil composition and humus horizon thickness, as well as the degree of eolian processes development. The main factors of their ecological differentiation are soil acidity, salt regime and ombroregime. Based on the results of DCA-ordination of syntaxa within certain vegetation classes, it was found that their distribution is influenced by factors that correlate with the environment-specific conditions. It has emerged that an ecological differentiation of syntaxa within Festucetea vaginatae is determined by the integrated effect of gradients, and soil salinity is leading among them. Temperature regime and climate continentality are leading factors in the distribution of syntaxa within the Koelerio-Corynephoretea canescentis class. The gradients of ombroregime and soil humidity have a significant impact. The distribution of communities of the Helichryso-Crucianelletea maritimae class in the ecological space is determined mainly by factors of variability of damping, ombroregime and climate continentality. The author’s syntaxonomic concept assumes the independence of the studied classes: Koelerio-Corynephoretea canescentis, Helichryso-Crucianelletea maritimae and Festucetea vaginatae, conside­ring that the leading factors of community differentiation of the Festucetea vaginatae and Koelerio-Corynephoretea canescentis classes are the origin (genesis) of sandy substrates, as well as soil acidity. Phytosociological analysis of a large number of relevés of coastal littoral vegetation also provides support for independence of the Helichryso-Crucianelletea maritimae and Ammophiletea classes diffe­rent floristically and ecologically. A review of the psammophytic vegetation of Ukraine will determine the place of the selected syntaxonomic units in the pan-European system.

ECOLOGY OF CYPRIPEDIUM CALCEOLUS L. (ORCHIDACEAE) IN KIROV REGION

2020 ◽  
Vol 6(72) (2) ◽  
pp. 234-248
Author(s):  
V. N. Suleimanova ◽  
N. Yu. Egorova
Keyword(s):  
Soil Moisture ◽  
Environmental Factors ◽  
Russian Federation ◽  
Soil Acidity ◽  
Southern Taiga ◽  
Soil Salt ◽  
Taiga Forest ◽  
Cypripedium Calceolus ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
Lathyrus Vernus

The object of our research was one of the most common orchids in the world – Cypripedium calceolus L. As a rare species, it is listed in the Red book of the Russian Federation (3 category of rarity) [8], the Kirov region (3 category of rarity) [9], as well as in the Red books of 59 regions of the Russian Federation [2]. Limiting factors in the Kirov region are the violation of habitats as a result of anthropogenic impacts – deforestation, recreation, collection for bouquets, digging, reducing the number of species. Studies on the study of C. calceolus in the Kirov region are isolated [10–12]. The purpose of this work is to identify phytocenotic parameters and environmental conditions of C. calceolus habitats within the southern taiga fragment of the range. Studies of ecological and cenotic conditions of C. calceolus habitats were conducted in southern taiga forest ecosystems within the Kirov region (Slobodskaya, Afanasyevsky districts) (See table 1) in the period from 2012 to 2019. The studied habitats of C. calceolus are confined to non-morally-boreal-small-grass and grass spruce forests (Melico nutantis-Piceetum abietis subass. typicum, Maianthemo-Piceetum subass. typicum var. typical) (See fig. 1), pine trees with fir and spruce of various grasses (Melico nutantis-Pinetum sylvestris var. Lathyrus vernus). The growth of C. calceolus on the technogenically disturbed substrate of an old spent limestone quarry overgrown with coniferous rocks and various grasses was also noted. All the studied biotopes are characterized by a large constancy of non-moral species with not significant coverage of mosses. The stand of spruce forest types is dominated by Picea abies, pine-Pinus sylvestris. Abies sibirica occurs as an impurity. The undergrowth layer has a diverse species composition: Sorbus aucuparia, Frangula alnus, Lonicera xylosteum, Yuniperus communis, Daphne mezereum. In this tier of most studied phytocenoses there is a Atragene sibirica. The grass-shrub layer is also very diverse, which determines the high specificity of these communities. In addition to species of boreal small grass (Maianthemum bifolium, Orthilia secunda, Luzula pilosa, Rubus saxatilis), the presence of non – morals is characteristic-Lathyrus vernus, Melica nutans, Stellaria holostea, Asarum europaeum. Moss-lichen layer is fragmentary (covering up to 45 %), Pleurozium schreberi and Hylocomium splendens act as sodominants. Phyto-indication of the studied C. calceolus habitats according to ten ecological scales of D. N. Tsyganov (See table 2, Fig. 2) showed that in relation to the complex of all environmental factors, the studied species is mesovalent (MV) (It total = 0.54) and has an average level of lability in relation to the studied environmental factors. In relation to the complex of all environmental factors, C. calceolus is a mesobiont species. On a scale of soil acidity, the species is semistarvation at termokhimicheskie and apolitically scale and dial illumination-shading – metavalent on the scale of the wealth of the soil nitrogen – hemimillennial at createmotions scale and the scale of continentality of the climate avivamento. Only on the scale of soil moisture and the scale of soil salt regime, C. calceolus is stenovalent, which indicates a very limited range of possible habitats for this factor. The species, in the studied habitats, realizes from 4.61 to 23.84 % of its potential according to the studied factors. For C. calceolus, the results obtained allow us to extend the scale of soil acidity by 0.75 degrees to the right. According to the other scales, the values of the ecological space of the studied CP are placed in the ranges given by D. N. Tsyganov for this type Edaphic conditions of C. calceolus on the scale of soil moisture correspond to regimes from dry-saline to wet-forest-saline; on the factor of soil salt regime-poor soils; soil acidity – acidic-slightly acidic soils; soil richness in nitrogen – nitrogen – poor soils; moisture variability-soils with relatively stable and poorly variable moisture.

Elemental analysis of medicinal plants from different sites by instrumental neutron activation analysis

2016 ◽  
Vol 5 (03) ◽  
pp. 4892 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ratna Raju M.* ◽  
Madhusudhana Rao P. V. ◽  
Seshi Reddy T. ◽  
Raju M. K. ◽  
Brahmaji Rao J. S. ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Neutron Activation Analysis ◽  
Instrumental Neutron Activation Analysis ◽  
Activation Analysis ◽  
Medicinal Plants ◽  
Neutron Activation ◽  
Gamma Ray ◽  
Elemental Content ◽  
Soil Composition ◽  
Gamma Ray Spectrometer ◽  
Instrumental Neutron Activation

A study was undertaken to evaluate the inorganic elements for humans in two Indian medicinal plants leaves, namely Sphaeranthus indicus, and Cassia fistula by Instrumental Neutron Activation Analysis (INAA). INAA experiment was performed by using 20 kW KAMINI Reactor at Indira Gandhi Centre for Atomic Research (IGCAR), Kalpakkam. The emitted gamma rays were measured using gamma ray spectrometer. The concentrations of Al, Br, Ca, Fe, K, La, Mg, Mn, Na, Sc, V and Zn were determined in the selected medicinal plants. The medicinal leaves are using in treatment of various important ailments. The elemental content in selected medicinal leaves is various proportions depending on the soil composition, location of plant specimen and the climate in which the plant grows.

Evolution of soil acidity during the past 36 years (1960-1996) under coniferous forest in a region of high livestock production in Flanders

1997 ◽  
Vol 62 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. De Schrijver ◽  
L. Nachtergale ◽  
L. De Temmerman ◽  
J. M.F. Frechilla ◽  
S. Mussche ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Soil Acidity ◽  
Coniferous Forest ◽  
Livestock Production ◽  
The Past

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A Cosmopolitan Legal Order

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alec Stone Sweet ◽  
Clare Ryan
Keyword(s):  
Legal Order ◽  
Fundamental Rights ◽  
Constitutional Theory ◽  
Nation State ◽  
Public Officials ◽  
Rights Protection ◽  
Perpetual Peace ◽  
The World ◽  
European System ◽  
Constitutional Justice

The book provides an introduction to Kantian constitutional theory and the European system of rights protection. Part I sets out Kant’s blueprint for achieving Perpetual Peace and constitutional justice within and beyond the nation state. Part II applies these ideas to explain the gradual constitutionalization of a Cosmopolitan Legal Order: a transnational legal system in which justiciable rights are held by individuals; where public officials bear the obligation to fulfil the fundamental rights of all who come within the scope of their jurisdiction; and where domestic and transnational judges supervise how officials act. The authors then describe and assess the European Court’s progressivie approach to both the absolute and qualified rights. Today, the Court is the most active and important rights-protecting court in the world, its jurisprudence a catalyst for the construction of a cosmopolitan constitution in Europe and beyond.

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