scholarly journals ФИТОИНДИКАЦИОННОЕ ОЦЕНИВАНИЕ КАТЕНЫ СООБЩЕСТВ ПОЧВЕННОЙ МЕЗОФАУНЫ И ИХ ЭКОМОРФИЧЕСКАЯ ОРГАНИЗАЦИЯ

2016 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 91-117 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. V. Zhukov ◽  
O. N. Kunah ◽  
V. A. Novikova ◽  
D. S. Ganzha
Keyword(s):  
Similar Condition ◽  
Sand Dunes ◽  
Nutrient Status ◽  
Carbonate Content ◽  
Ecological Group ◽  
Soil Animal ◽  
Soil Animals ◽  
Soil Aeration ◽  
Natural Reserve ◽  
Animal Communities

The approaches to the use of catena method of studying the diversity of soil animal communities’ arena landscape of the Dnieper River Valley (within the natural reserve “Dnieper-Orelsky” using phytoindication estimation have been developed in the present article. Soil animals ecomorphes have been verified on the basis of main trends variability of environmental conditions which evaluated by means of phytoindication approaches. Monitoring polygon situated in the north-eastern part of the natural reserve "Dnieper-Orelsky". The width of the polygon is 3260 m, height – 2850 m, its total area is 930 hectares. Inside the polygon we selected some five plots: on the slope of the sand dunes at the border the sandy steppe and Acer tataricum shrub; on the slope of the Northern exposure of the Orlova valley in Acer tataricum oak forest with Dáctylis glomeráta; in terrace near the flood plain on the border with the lower part of the slope, in elm-black poplar forest with Glechóma hederácea; in the waterlogged tributary of river Protoch on the border of the marsh and forest ecosystems; in river Protoch in grass community, in a gradient from the marsh community to steppe meadows. Each plot was represented by 105 squares of size 3×3 m. Squares arranged in 7 contiguous rows of 15 squares in each. Plot size was 21×45 m. Big side plot was located along the visually discernible gradient terrain topography and vegetation cover. In each square we made a description of the vegetation with the assessment of the projective cover with a lag of 10%. In the center of each square we sampled soil of 0.25×0.25 m from which the soil macroinvertebrates have been extracted by hand sorting. The ordination of mesopedobionts communities has been applied to multidimensional scaling procedure based on metrics of Bray-Curtis with provisional data on transformation according to Hellinger. The phytoindication estimation of the environmental regimes have been found to be statistically significant predictors of multidimensional scales that obtained after ordination of mesopedobionts communities. Dimension 1 can be explained by edaphotop nutrient status, dimension 2 can be explained by edaphotop humidity, dimension 3 may be explained by soil aeration, dimension 4 may be explained by quantity of carbonates in soil. Dimensions 5 and 6 have a complex factor nature which is difficult to interpret meaningfully. Environmental assessment regimes using phyto-indicative scales enabled set the value of soil carbonate content and aeration in structuring of soil animals communities. The obtained result makes reasonable provision of new ecomorphes of soil animals such as aèromorph and carbonatomorph. Aèromorphes are ecological group that combines soil animals, preferring similar condition of soil aeration, among which are highlighted in aerophyles, sub-aerophyles, hemiaerofobes and subaerofobes. Carbonatomorphes are ecological group that combines soil animals, preferring similar condition of carbonates content in soil, among which are highlighted in carbonatofobes, akarbonatophyles, hemicarbonatophyles, carbonatophyles and hyper-carbonatophyles. Classic catena approach for biogeocenotic and landscape diversity investigation have been supplemented by the assessment of the ecological regimes through phytoindication and ecomorphic analysis of vegetation. Ordinates of ecological regimes are the gradients of variation of soil animal communities. Information and valuable markers of vegetation (phytoindication scale and ecomorphes) can be used as training variables to assess the indicator properties of soil animal communities. Ecomorphes of soil animals reflect the main aspects of the structural organization of their communities and may serve as valuable indicators of the properties and behaviors of soil as environment of living organisms.

scholarly journals ФІТОІНДИКАЦІЯ ЕКОЛОГІЧНИХ УМОВ У МЕЖАХ ТЕРИТОРІЙ ЕЛЕКТРИЧНИХ ПІДСТАНЦІЙ

2017 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 5-21 ◽  
Author(s):  
O. V. Zhukov ◽  
O. V. Potapenko
Keyword(s):  
Soil Contamination ◽  
Environmental Conditions ◽  
Carbonate Content ◽  
Radiation Balance ◽  
Ecological Group ◽  
Soil Aeration ◽  
Ecological Structure ◽  
Thermal Climate ◽  
Light Mode ◽  
Power Substations

<p>In present article the synphytoindication of environmental conditions formed in the areas of power substations and set the direction of environmental transformations caused by soil contamination substations technological oil have been performed. Studies have been conducted in the autumn of 2016. Relevés have been made on 19 power substations. Geobotanical description have been within each sub-station separately for control site, which has not experienced the negative impact of oil spills and technological area with obvious traces of the spill process oil. Moreover, the substations within the description made in additional areas. The total number of relevés is 51, of which 22 are in control conditions and 29 are in process oil contaminated sites. In terms hygromorphes investigated edaphotopes can be attributed to those that are favorable for plant environmental group sub-mesophytes. The variability of damping forms the regime that are favorable to the ecological group of hemi-hydrocontrastophiles. The soil acidity forms favorable regime for sub-acidophiles. Th total salt regime may be stated as being favorable for mesotrophes. The regime of the carbonate content in soil may be attributed to those that are favorable for acarbonatophiles. The nitrogen content in soil are favorable for hemi-nitrophiles. The soil aeration is favorable for sub-aerophiles. The thermal climate of ecotypes can be considered as immoral. In the study area the radiation balance of 2045.3 MJ • m 2 • hr-1. The humidity can be evaluated as such, which is favorable sub-aridophytes. The difference between the amount of precipitation and evaporation according to phytoindication is –299.1 mm. The continentality of climate can be estimated as hemi-continental. The phytoindication evaluation reveals that the temperature of the coldest month is –4,8 ° C. The light mode is heliophyte friendly. The synphytoindication method has been shown to be a quite informative for environmental regimes detection due to anthropogenic transformation of ecotops. Ability to use tools phytoindication designed for natural ecosystems, for the purposes of the environmental assessment of anthropogenically transformed areas, caused by non-specific nature of the response of communities living organisms on pollution. Against the background of the natural gradient, which is subject to environmental conditions in the relevant part of the steppe zone, where power substations are studied, and their vegetation cover reflects some of the specific features inherent in this is man-made formations. First of all, it thermal climate whose valuation is impossible to explain the relevant gradients. This feature of the thermal climate accompanied by increased light mode and an increased level of human-induced soil aeration. We obtained evidence that pollution leads to unification of ecological structure of the plant community. Under the influence of pollution there is a transition to a final state, which is to some extent independent of the initial ecological diversity of communities. Unification of ecological structure of vegetation under the influence of soil contamination with oil technology is a testament to the unification of the environmental conditions.</p>

Leaf demography and decline of Panicum racemosum populations in coastal foredunes of southern Brazil

1991 ◽  
Vol 69 (7) ◽  
pp. 1593-1599 ◽  
Author(s):  
César S. B. Costa ◽  
Ulrich Seeliger ◽  
César V. Cordazzo
Keyword(s):  
Population Biology ◽  
Sand Dunes ◽  
Salt Spray ◽  
Nutrient Status ◽  
Southern Brazil ◽  
Leaf Demography ◽  
Growth Vigour ◽  
Sand Movement ◽  
Mobile Dune ◽  
Sand Deposition

We studied the effect of nutrient status and sand movement on the population biology of Panicum racemosum Spreng. over a 5-year period (1982–1986) on mobile, semifixed and fixed coastal foredune habitats in southern Brazil. The soils were deficient in nitrate, phosphate, and potassium (<0.5, 0.2–1.2, and 3–5 mg/kg, respectively) in all habitats, and a gradient of decreasing availability existed from the mobile to the fixed dunes. Half-lives of leaves were shorter in the fixed dune as compared with the mobile dune. Similarly, half-lives of leaves were shorter in summer than in winter. Experiments using cuttings of P. racemosum tillers showed that as P. racemosum plants grew, so did the deposition of sand on mobile foredunes. The mechanical deposition of sand itself did not stimulate P. racemosum growth. The deposition of saline sand provided a substrate that supported vertical growth of P. racemosum rhizomes and tillers and was a source of adsorbed nutrients. Also, active sand deposition limited the invasion of frontal dunes by other species. Panicum racemosum populations changed from "invader" to "mature" to "regressive" age states over a 5-year period, apparently in response to the spatial patterns of sand deposition and salt spray input. Key words: Panicum, leaf demography, growth vigour, sand dunes, temporal changes.

Coastal sand dunes as biological systems

1989 ◽  
Vol 96 ◽  
pp. 17-36 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. J. Willis
Keyword(s):  
Sand Dunes ◽  
Coastal Dunes ◽  
Nutrient Status ◽  
Large Animal ◽  
Ammophila Arenaria ◽  
Physiological Level ◽  
Tyria Jacobaeae ◽  
Ecological Importance ◽  
Dune Plants ◽  
Stress Metabolites

SynopsisWith the gradation of intensities of environmental factors from the strand-line to stable inland areas, coastal dunes show many ecological phenomena especially clearly. These are reviewed broadly, with some emphasis on topics on which important advances are being made. The nutrient status of dune soil and changes with time are shown with reference to several dune systems. Changes in major nutrients are given for Braunton Burrows, north Devon, where the influence of nitrogen fixation by Lotus corniculatus is illustrated. The effects of sand burial on plants are considered, and details given of the root systems of vigorous and relict marram; factors which may affect its decline in vigour are reviewed. Also discussed is the likely significance of nematodes in the decline of Hippophaë rhamnoides. Reasons for the richness of the dune flora are considered and also some autecological studies. At the physiological level, reference is made to the water relations of plants and at the biochemical level to the occurrence and possible ecological importance of stress metabolites. Life strategies, phenology, survivorship, competition and the population ecology of dune plants are reviewed and also the interaction of ragwort (Senecio jacobaea) and cinnabar moth (Tyria jacobaeae). The population genetics of dune plants is illustrated by reference to Festuca rubra and Ammophila arenaria and of animals to Cepaea nemoralis.The abundance and ecological relationships of the invertebrate fauna are exemplified by surveys at Spurn Point, extensive investigations on spiders and the influence of marram on arthropod communities. The ecology of the natterjack load is considered in relation to conservation and the effects of large animal grazers in relation to the diversity of vegetation.

The effects of reduced-impact logging practices on soil animal communities in the Deramakot Forest Reserve in Borneo

2014 ◽  
Vol 83 ◽  
pp. 13-21 ◽  
Author(s):  
Motohiro Hasegawa ◽  
Masamichi T. Ito ◽  
Tomohiro Yoshida ◽  
Tatsuyuki Seino ◽  
Arthur Y.C. Chung ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Soil Animal ◽  
Forest Reserve ◽  
Animal Communities ◽  
Reduced Impact Logging

Soil–plant relations in a natural forest inviolate plot at Akure, Nigeria

1987 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 57-74 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. A. Ola-Adams ◽  
John B. Hall
Keyword(s):  
Nutrient Status ◽  
Soil Sampling ◽  
Soil Reaction ◽  
Available Phosphorus ◽  
Data Set ◽  
The Core ◽  
Natural Reserve ◽  
Drainage Line ◽  
Components Analysis ◽  
Floristic Data

ABSTRACTTo up-date and extend knowledge of the Akure Strict Natural Reserve an assessment, block by block, of forest in the core of the Inviolate Plot was undertaken in 1974 and complemented with soil sampling. Principal components analysis indicated a gradient of soil reaction and available phosphorus through the core of the plot. Ordination (DECORANA) of floristic data revealed that a floristic trend paralleled the soil trend. In the vicinity of a drainage line, at the western end of the core, soils were lower in available phosphorus, more acid, sandier and texturally more uniform with depth. Typical trees of ferralsols were prominent on these soils but were replaced by species of ferric luvisols, especially members of the Sterculiaceae, on soils of superior nutrient status towards the eastern end. It is suggested that the soil gradients were not effects produced by the trees.Comparison of a 1946 data set with the 1974 data supported the view that the forest had been structurally and floristically stable over the interval between assessments. This is considered justification of the original choice of the area as a Strict Natural Reserve representative of high forest in this part of Nigeria.

scholarly journals The catena aspect of the landscape diversity of the «Dnipro-Orilsky» natural reserve

2019 ◽  
Vol 28 (3) ◽  
pp. 417-431
Author(s):  
Yuriy I. Gritsan ◽  
Olga M. Kunakh ◽  
Julia J. Dubinina ◽  
Vadim I. Kotsun ◽  
Yuriy I. Tkalich
Keyword(s):  
Individual Component ◽  
Environmental Gradients ◽  
Soil Salinization ◽  
Landscape Diversity ◽  
Anthropogenic Transformation ◽  
Temporal Properties ◽  
Natural Reserve ◽  
Animal Communities ◽  
Profile Position ◽  
Filtration Capacity

In the present investigation catena approaches to assess the landscape diversity of the “Dnipro-Orilsky” natural reserve was developed. Catena which lies in the reserve embraces flood and arena biogeocoenoses. The research was performed during the 2014– 2018. The two profiles were made at the “Dnipro-Orilsky” natural reserve within which main geomorphological landscape elements are presented. There are 29 sampling polygons within these p rofiles. The soil profile description, vegetation investigation, soil and soil animals quantitative assessment was carried out in each of them. In this publication we presented the results of sampling polygons 1–4, 25 and 26. The profile 1 best reflects the traditional view of catena: it goes from the highest places of the sand terrace (arena) to the lowest place (floodplain). But relief diversity is increased by the availability of small river Protich. It floodplain provides an alternative transit and accumulation gradient. It should be noted that the main part of the main slope profile does not fully meet the transit regime, as compiled by sandy soils, which are char- acterized by high filtration capacity. Therefore, the slope profile position is largely corresponded to eluvial regimes. The accumulative part of the profile which corresponds to the floodplain of Dnipro river is significantly influenced by impact of the flood factor than the accumulative part of the profile which corresponds to the floodplain of Protich river. The soils within floodplain of Protich river have more quantity of clay. Clay soils are characterized by capillary properties, as soil salinization is common in the floodplain of Protich river. Alternative profile 2 includes Orlov valley. This element of the landscape is accumulative, but not affected by flood factor. In the biogeocenotic context catena sampling points were considered as being composed of pedocatena, phytocatena and zoocatena. The biogeocenotic approach is the chain that connects the landscape structure, the diversity of soil cover, and diversities of the plant and animal communities. The functional, spatial and temporal properties of ecosystems in landscape context can be expressed by catena. The biogeocoenosis concept is a basis for integration of the pedocatena, phytocatena and zoocatena. Catena approach is the framework for a monitoring system landscape diversity both at the level of individual component biogeocoenosis (edaphotop, phytocenosis, and zoocenosis) and biogeocoenosis level in terms of its horizontal and vertical structure and at the landscape level as a whole intercon- nected system. The traditional idea of catena as a set of eluvial, transit and accumulative positions in a complex and diverse landscape is not able to cover the most important environmental gradients modes. The complexity of the landscape is due to relief diversity and the effects of anthropogenic transformation biogeocenotic cover. Catena therefore can be seen as a multilevel hierarchical system of the biogeocenotic polygons needed to consider the diversity of physiographic conditions and anthropogenic gradients.

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