Decreased Visual P3 Event-Related Potential For Drug Cues In The Right Dorsolateral Prefrontal Cortex Of Crack-Cocaine Users

The purpose of this pilot study was to investigate whether transcranial static magnetic field stimulation (tSMS), which can modulate cortical excitability, would influence inhibitory control function when applied over the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC). Young healthy adults (n = 8, mean age ± SD = 24.4 ± 4.1, six females) received the following stimulations for 30 min on different days: (1) tSMS over the left DLPFC, (2) tSMS over the right DLPFC, and (3) sham stimulation over either the left or right DLPFC. The participants performed a Go/NoGo task before, immediately after, and 10 min after the stimulation. They were instructed to extend the right wrist in response to target stimuli. We recorded the electromyogram from the right wrist extensor muscles and analyzed erroneous responses (false alarm and missed target detection) and reaction times. As a result, 50% of the participants made erroneous responses, and there were five erroneous responses in total (0.003%). A series of statistical analyses revealed that tSMS did not affect the reaction time. These preliminary findings suggest the possibility that tSMS over the DLPFC is incapable of modulating inhibitory control and/or that the cognitive load imposed in this study was insufficient to detect the effect.

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Single-Pulse Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation-Evoked Potential Amplitudes and Latencies in the Motor and Dorsolateral Prefrontal Cortex among Young, Older Healthy Participants, and Schizophrenia Patients

Journal of Personalized Medicine ◽

10.3390/jpm11010054 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (1) ◽

pp. 54

Author(s):

Yoshihiro Noda ◽

Mera S. Barr ◽

Reza Zomorrodi ◽

Robin F. H. Cash ◽

Pantelis Lioumis ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Prefrontal Cortex ◽

Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation ◽

Magnetic Stimulation ◽

Dorsolateral Prefrontal Cortex ◽

Evoked Potential ◽

Single Pulse ◽

Signal Propagation ◽

Lower Amplitude ◽

Dorsolateral Prefrontal ◽

The Right

Background: The combination of transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) with electroencephalography (EEG) allows for non-invasive investigation of cortical response and connectivity in human cortex. This study aimed to examine the amplitudes and latencies of each TMS-evoked potential (TEP) component induced by single-pulse TMS (spTMS) to the left motor (M1) and dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC) among healthy young participants (YNG), older participants (OLD), and patients with schizophrenia (SCZ). Methods: We compared the spatiotemporal characteristics of TEPs induced by spTMS among the groups. Results: Compared to YNG, M1-spTMS induced lower amplitudes of N45 and P180 in OLD and a lower amplitude of P180 in SCZ, whereas the DLPFC-spTMS induced a lower N45 in OLD. Further, OLD demonstrated latency delays in P60 after M1-spTMS and in N45-P60 over the right central region after left DLPFC-spTMS, whereas SCZ demonstrated latency delays in N45-P60 over the midline and right central regions after DLPFC-spTMS. Conclusions: These findings suggest that inhibitory and excitatory mechanisms mediating TEPs may be altered in OLD and SCZ. The amplitude and latency changes of TEPs with spTMS may reflect underlying neurophysiological changes in OLD and SCZ, respectively. The spTMS administered to M1 and the DLPFC can probe cortical functions by examining TEPs. Thus, TMS-EEG can be used to study changes in cortical connectivity and signal propagation from healthy to pathological brains.

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Neuro-cognitive effects of Hf-rTMS over the right versus left dorsolateral prefrontal cortex on the attentional modulation of emotional information in healthy subjects: an event-related fMRI-study

Brain Stimulation ◽

10.1016/j.brs.2008.06.137 ◽

2008 ◽

Vol 1 (3) ◽

pp. 291

Author(s):

R. De Raedt ◽

L. Leyman ◽

U. Dannlowski ◽

M. Vanderhasselt ◽

R. Luypaert ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Prefrontal Cortex ◽

Healthy Subjects ◽

Dorsolateral Prefrontal Cortex ◽

Cognitive Effects ◽

Attentional Modulation ◽

Emotional Information ◽

Fmri Study ◽

Dorsolateral Prefrontal ◽

The Right

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To examine the change in craving following high frequency rTMS stimulation of the right dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC) in patients with opioid dependence: A prospective hospital based study

Journal of Medical Science And clinical Research ◽

10.18535/jmscr/v7i1.21 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 7 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Dr Bhanu Pratap Singh ◽

Keyword(s):

Prefrontal Cortex ◽

High Frequency ◽

Opioid Dependence ◽

Dorsolateral Prefrontal Cortex ◽

Dorsolateral Prefrontal ◽

The Right ◽

Stimulation Of

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Effects of 10 Hz repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation of the right dorsolateral prefrontal cortex in the vegetative state

Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine ◽

10.3892/etm.2021.9626 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 21 (3) ◽

Author(s):

Xin Ge ◽

Yue Zhang ◽

Tian Xin ◽

Xue Luan

Keyword(s):

Prefrontal Cortex ◽

Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation ◽

Magnetic Stimulation ◽

Dorsolateral Prefrontal Cortex ◽

Repetitive Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation ◽

Vegetative State ◽

Dorsolateral Prefrontal ◽

The Right ◽

Stimulation Of

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Influence of Atomoxetine on Relationship Between ADHD Symptoms and Prefrontal Cortex Activity During Task Execution in Adult Patients

Frontiers in Human Neuroscience ◽

10.3389/fnhum.2021.755025 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 15 ◽

Author(s):

Atsunori Sugimoto ◽

Yutaro Suzuki ◽

Kiyohiro Yoshinaga ◽

Naoki Orime ◽

Taketsugu Hayashi ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Prefrontal Cortex ◽

Dorsolateral Prefrontal Cortex ◽

Rating Scales ◽

Clinical Symptoms ◽

Adult Patients ◽

Adhd Symptoms ◽

Analytical Strategy ◽

Positive Correlation ◽

Dorsolateral Prefrontal ◽

The Right

Objective: We conducted this non-randomized prospective interventional study to clarify the relationship between improved attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) symptoms and regional brain activity.Methods: Thirty-one adult patients underwent near-infrared spectroscopy examinations during a go/no-go task, both before and 8 weeks after atomoxetine administration.Results: Clinical symptoms, neuropsychological results of the go/no-go task, and bilateral lateral prefrontal activity significantly changed. A positive correlation was observed between right dorsolateral prefrontal cortex activity and Conners’ Adult ADHD Rating Scales scores. Before atomoxetine administration, no correlations between prefrontal cortex activity and clinical symptoms were observed in all cases. When participants were divided into atomoxetine-responder and non-responder groups, a positive correlation was observed between prefrontal cortex activity and clinical symptoms in the non-responder group before treatment but not in the responder group, suggesting that non-responders can activate the prefrontal cortex without atomoxetine.Conclusions: Individuals with increased ADHD symptoms appear to recruit the right dorsolateral prefrontal cortex more strongly to perform the same task than those with fewer symptoms. In clinical settings, individuals with severe symptoms are often observed to perform more difficultly when performing the tasks which individuals with mild symptoms can perform easily. The atomoxetine-responder group was unable to properly activate the right dorsolateral prefrontal cortex when necessary, and the oral administration of atomoxetine enabled these patients to activate this region. In brain imaging studies of heterogeneous syndromes such as ADHD, the analytical strategy used in this study, involving drug-responsivity grouping, may effectively increase the signal-to-noise ratio.

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Reducing future fears by suppressing the brain mechanisms underlying episodic simulation

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences ◽

10.1073/pnas.1606604114 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 113 (52) ◽

pp. E8492-E8501 ◽

Cited By ~ 21

Author(s):

Roland G. Benoit ◽

Daniel J. Davies ◽

Michael C. Anderson

Keyword(s):

Prefrontal Cortex ◽

Dorsolateral Prefrontal Cortex ◽

Ventromedial Prefrontal Cortex ◽

Episodic Simulation ◽

Dorsolateral Prefrontal ◽

Future Events ◽

The Right ◽

Development Of Anxiety ◽

The Brain

Imagining future events conveys adaptive benefits, yet recurrent simulations of feared situations may help to maintain anxiety. In two studies, we tested the hypothesis that people can attenuate future fears by suppressing anticipatory simulations of dreaded events. Participants repeatedly imagined upsetting episodes that they feared might happen to them and suppressed imaginings of other such events. Suppressing imagination engaged the right dorsolateral prefrontal cortex, which modulated activation in the hippocampus and in the ventromedial prefrontal cortex (vmPFC). Consistent with the role of the vmPFC in providing access to details that are typical for an event, stronger inhibition of this region was associated with greater forgetting of such details. Suppression further hindered participants’ ability to later freely envision suppressed episodes. Critically, it also reduced feelings of apprehensiveness about the feared scenario, and individuals who were particularly successful at down-regulating fears were also less trait-anxious. Attenuating apprehensiveness by suppressing simulations of feared events may thus be an effective coping strategy, suggesting that a deficiency in this mechanism could contribute to the development of anxiety.

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