scholarly journals PROTEOLYTIC ACTIVITY OF 26S PROTEASOMES ISOLATED FROM MUSCLES OF THE TOBACCO HORNWORM, MANDUCA SEXTA: DIFFERENCES BETWEEN SURVIVING MUSCLES AND THOSE UNDERGOING DEVELOPMENTALLY PROGRAMMED CELL DEATH

2001 ◽  
Vol 52 (4) ◽  
pp. 435-442 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. E. Reynolds ◽  
P. Löw ◽  
M. Sass
Keyword(s):  
Cell Death ◽  
Programmed Cell Death ◽  
Manduca Sexta ◽  
Proteolytic Activity ◽  
Tobacco Hornworm

Programmed cell death in the tobacco hornworm,Manduca sexta: Alteration in protein synthesis

1996 ◽  
Vol 34 (3) ◽  
pp. 192-201 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zahra Zakeri ◽  
Daniela Quaglino ◽  
Theresa Latham ◽  
Kim Woo ◽  
Richard A. Lockshin
Keyword(s):  
Cell Death ◽  
Protein Synthesis ◽  
Programmed Cell Death ◽  
Manduca Sexta ◽  
Tobacco Hornworm

Metabolic events during programmed cell death in insect labial glands

1994 ◽  
Vol 72 (11-12) ◽  
pp. 597-601 ◽  
Author(s):  
Reginald Halaby ◽  
Zahra Zakeri ◽  
Richard A. Lockshin
Keyword(s):  
Cell Death ◽  
Protein Synthesis ◽  
Acid Phosphatase ◽  
Programmed Cell Death ◽  
Manduca Sexta ◽  
Adenosine Triphosphate ◽  
Mitochondrial Respiration ◽  
Second Messengers ◽  
Labial Gland ◽  
Dying Cells

The labial gland of Manduca sexta is a valuable system to study the mechanisms of programmed cell death since the death of the gland is nearly synchronous and, except for the anterior duct, involves all of the tissue. The gland degenerates in 5 days during pupation. Our previous work documents a drop in total protein synthesis as the gland degenerates. To evaluate potential causes of this altered protein synthesis, we monitored several parameters of metabolism in dying cells: levels of adenosine triphosphate to estimate the energy resources of the gland; reduction of 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide to assess mitochondrial respiration; levels of acid phosphatase to assay lysosomal enzyme activity; and concentrations of cyclic nucleotides and inositol triphosphate to monitor signaling. While protein synthesis fell precipitously on day 0, total adenosine triphosphate and mitochondrial respiration were unchanged until the cells underwent massive collapse on day 3. Lysosomal acid phosphatase increased during early metamorphosis, and ultimately the bulk of the cytoplasm was destroyed in autophagic vacuoles. Changes in the concentrations of second messengers were modest and late. The relationships between the metabolism and the collapse of the labial gland are under investigation.Key words: programmed cell death, Manduca sexta, energetics, lysosomes, second messengers, protein synthesis.

scholarly journals Acheron, a novel member of the Lupus Antigen family, is induced during the programmed cell death of skeletal muscles in the moth Manduca sexta

Gene ◽  
2007 ◽  
Vol 393 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 101-109 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christos Valavanis ◽  
Zhaohui Wang ◽  
Danhui Sun ◽  
Michael Vaine ◽  
Lawrence M. Schwartz
Keyword(s):  
Cell Death ◽  
Programmed Cell Death ◽  
Manduca Sexta ◽  
Skeletal Muscles

scholarly journals Changes in the Structure and Function of the Multicatalytic Proteinase (Proteasome) during Programmed Cell Death in the Intersegmental Muscles of the Hawkmoth, Manduca sexta

1995 ◽  
Vol 169 (2) ◽  
pp. 436-447 ◽  
Author(s):  
Margaret E.E. Jones ◽  
Marcy F. Haire ◽  
Peter-M. Kloetzel ◽  
Donald L. Mykles ◽  
Lawrence M. Schwartz
Keyword(s):  
Cell Death ◽  
Programmed Cell Death ◽  
Manduca Sexta ◽  
Structure And Function ◽  
Multicatalytic Proteinase ◽  
And Function

Programmed cell death of identified peptidergic neurons involved in ecdysis behavior in the moth,Manduca sexta

1998 ◽  
Vol 37 (2) ◽  
pp. 265-280 ◽  
Author(s):  
John Ewer ◽  
Chiou-Miin Wang ◽  
Kathleen A. Klukas ◽  
Karen A. Mesce ◽  
James W. Truman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cell Death ◽  
Programmed Cell Death ◽  
Manduca Sexta ◽  
Peptidergic Neurons

scholarly journals Somatic piRNAs and Transposons are Differentially Regulated During Skeletal Muscle Atrophy and Programmed Cell Death

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Junko Tsuji ◽  
Travis Thomson ◽  
Christine Brown ◽  
Subhanita Ghosh ◽  
William E. Theurkauf ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cell Death ◽  
Programmed Cell Death ◽  
Manduca Sexta ◽  
Somatic Cells ◽  
Skeletal Muscle Atrophy ◽  
Developmentally Regulated ◽  
Genome Damage ◽  
Transposon Silencing ◽  
Ping Pong ◽  
Pirna Pathway

AbstractPiWi-interacting RNAs (piRNAs) are small single-stranded RNAs that can repress transposon expression via epigenetic silencing and transcript degradation. They have been identified predominantly in the ovary and testis, where they serve essential roles in transposon silencing in order to protect the integrity of the genome in the germline. The potential expression of piRNAs in somatic cells has been controversial. In the present study we demonstrate the expression of piRNAs derived from both genic and transposon RNAs in the intersegmental muscles (ISMs) from the tobacco hawkmoth Manduca sexta. These piRNAs are abundantly expressed, are ~27 nt long, map antisense to transposons, are oxidation resistant, exhibit a uridine bias at their first nucleotide, and amplify via the canonical ping-pong pathway. An RNA-seq analysis demonstrated that 20 piRNA pathway genes are expressed in the ISMs and are developmentally regulated. The abundance of piRNAs does not change when the muscles initiate developmentally-regulated atrophy, but are repressed when cells become committed to undergo programmed cell death at the end of metamorphosis. This change in piRNA expression is associated with the targeted repression of several retrotransposons and the induction of specific DNA transposons. The developmental changes in the expression of piRNAs, piRNA pathway genes, and transposons are all regulated by 20-hydroxyecdysone, the steroid hormone that controls the timing of ISM death. Taken together, these data provide compelling evidence for the existence of piRNA in somatic tissues and suggest that they may play roles in developmental processes such as programmed cell death.Author SummarypiRNAs are a class of small non-coding RNAs that suppress the expression of transposable elements, parasitic DNA that if reintegrated, can harm the integrity of the host genome. The expression of piRNAs and their associated regulatory proteins has been studied predominantly in germ cells and some stem cells. We have found that they are also expressed in skeletal muscles in the moth Manduca sexta that undergo developmentally-regulated atrophy and programmed cell death at the end of metamorphosis. The expression of transposons becomes deregulated when the muscles become committed to die, which may play a functional role in the demise of the cell by inducing genome damage. piRNA-mediated control of transposons may represent a novel mechanism that contributes to the regulated death of highly differentiated somatic cells.

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