Inflammation- and axotomy-induced changes in galanin-like immunoreactive (GAL-LI) nerve structures in the porcine descending colon

2010 ◽  
Vol 58 (1) ◽  
pp. 91-103 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sławomir Gonkowski ◽  
Piotr Burliński ◽  
Cezary Skobowiat ◽  
Mariusz Majewski ◽  
Jarosław Całka
Keyword(s):  
Distribution Pattern ◽  
Circular Muscle ◽  
Muscle Layer ◽  
Immunofluorescence Technique ◽  
Nerve Fibres ◽  
Physiological Conditions ◽  
Circular Muscle Layer ◽  
Mucosal Layer ◽  
Descending Colon ◽  
Induced Changes

This study reports on changes caused by chemically driven inflammation and axotomy in galanin-like immunoreactive (GAL-LI) nerve structures in the porcine descending colon. The distribution pattern of GAL-LI structures was studied using the immunofluorescence technique in the circular muscle layer, the myenteric (MP), outer submucous (OSP) and inner submucous plexuses (ISP), and also in the mucosal layer. Under physiological conditions GAL-LI perikarya were shown to constitute 3.68 ± 0.32%, 7.02 ± 0.93% and 10.99 ± 0.71% in MP, OSP and ISP, respectively. Both colitis and axotomy caused an increase in GAL-like immunoreactivity, which was different in particular parts of the bowel segment studied. The numbers of GAL-LI perikarya increased to 14.16 ± 0.49%, 16.78 ± 1.09% and 37.46 ± 1.18% during colitis and 7.92 ± 0.72%, 10.44 ± 0.71% and 16.20 ± 0.96% after axotomy in MP, OSP and ISP, respectively. Both these processes caused an increase in the number of GAL-LI nerve fibres in the circular muscle and mucosal layers as well as the appearance of a population of GAL-LI cells in the mucosa.

Inflammation- and axotomy-induced changes in cocaine- and amphetamine-regulated transcript peptide-like immunoreactive (CART-LI) nervous structures in the porcine descending colon

2012 ◽  
Vol 15 (3) ◽  
pp. 517-524 ◽  
Author(s):  
P.J. Burliński
Keyword(s):  
Nervous System ◽  
Circular Muscle ◽  
Muscle Layer ◽  
Nerve Fibers ◽  
Immunofluorescence Technique ◽  
Physiological Conditions ◽  
Chemically Induced ◽  
Mucosal Layer ◽  
Descending Colon ◽  
Induced Changes

Abstract This study reports on changes in CART-like immunoreactive (CART-LI) nerve structures in the porcine descending colon during chemically driven inflammation and after axotomy. The distribution pattern of CART-LI nerve structures was studied using doublelabeling immunofluorescence technique in the circular muscle layer, myenteric (MP), outer submucous (OSP) and inner submucous plexuses (ISP) and also in the mucosal layer of the porcine descending colon in physiological conditions as well as under pathological factors. In the control animals, CART-LI perikarya have been shown to constitute 5.11% ± 0.64, 4.03% ± 1.17 and 0.05% ± 0.04 in MP, OSP and ISP, respectively. Changes in CART-immunoreactivity depended on the pathological factor and the part of the enteric nervous system (ENS) studied. Numbers of CART-LI perikarya amounted to 2.77% ± 0.64, 2.60% ± 0.36 and 0.26% ± 0.19 during chemically-induced colitis and 3.04% ± 0.88, 2.46% ± 0.8 and 0.43% ± 0.09 after axotomy in MP, OSP and ISP, respectively. Both studied pathological processes also caused an increase in the number of CART-LI nerve fibers in the circular muscle as well as in the mucosal layer.

Distribution of cocaine- and amphetamine-regulated transcript-like immunoreactive (CART-LI) nerve structures in the porcine large intestine

2009 ◽  
Vol 57 (4) ◽  
pp. 509-520 ◽  
Author(s):  
Slawomir Gonkowski ◽  
Piotr Burliński ◽  
Cezary Skobowiat ◽  
Mariusz Majewski ◽  
Marcin Arciszewski ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Distribution Pattern ◽  
Large Intestine ◽  
Transverse Colon ◽  
Circular Muscle ◽  
Muscle Layer ◽  
Proximal Colon ◽  
Intestinal Wall ◽  
Circular Muscle Layer ◽  
Mucosal Layer ◽  
Colon And Rectum

The aim of the present study was to investigate the number of cocaine- and amphetamine-regulated transcript-like immunoreactive (CART-LI) nerve structures in the large intestine of juvenile pigs. The distribution pattern of CART-LI structures was studied by immunohistochemistry in the circular muscle layer, myenteric (MP), outer submucous (OSP) and inner submucous plexus (ISP) as well as in the mucosal layer of six regions of the large bowel: caecum, centripetal and centrifugal turns of the proximal colon, transverse colon, descending colon and rectum. CART-LI neural structures were observed in all gut fragments studied. CART-LI nerve fibres were numerous within the circular muscle layer and in the MP of all the regions studied, while they were moderate or few in number in other layers of the intestinal wall. The numbers of CART-LI neurons within the MP amounted to 2.02% in the caecum to 7.92% in the rectum, within the OSP from 2.73% in the centrifugal turns of the proximal colon to 5.70% in the rectum, and within the ISP from 2.23% in the transverse colon to 5.32% in the centrifugal turns of the proximal colon. The present study reports for the first time a detailed description of the CART distribution pattern within the enteric nervous system (ENS) of the porcine large intestine.

scholarly journals Changes in Cocaine- and Amphetamine-Regulated Transcript-Like Immunoreactive (CART-LI) Nerve Structures of the Porcine Descending Colon During Proliferative Enteropathy

2012 ◽  
Vol 56 (2) ◽  
pp. 199-203 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sławomir Gonkowski ◽  
Piotr Burliński ◽  
Piotr Szwajca ◽  
Jarosław Całka
Keyword(s):  
Circular Muscle ◽  
Muscle Layer ◽  
Nerve Fibers ◽  
Lawsonia Intracellularis ◽  
Physiological Conditions ◽  
Proliferative Enteropathy ◽  
Mucosal Layer ◽  
Descending Colon ◽  
Time Changes ◽  
First Time

Abstract The distribution pattern of CART- like immunoreactive (CART-LI) nerve structures was studied by a double immunofluorescence technique in the circular muscle layer, myenteric (MP), outer submucous (OSP), and inner submucous plexuses (ISP), as well as in the mucosal layer of porcine descending colon under physiological conditions and during proliferative enteropathy (PE). In control animals, CART-LI perikarya have been shown to constitute 3.18 ±0.51%, 3.44 ±0.6%, and 3.33 ±0.72% in MP, OSP, and ISP, respectively. PE caused a decrease in the number of CART - LI neurons in MP and ISP. In OSP, the observed changes were not statistically significant. During PE, the number of CART-LI perikarya amounted to 2.18 ±0.27%, 3.07 ±0.06%, and 0.07 ±0.02% within MP, OSP, and ISP, respectively. Moreover, PE caused an increase in the number of CART-LI nerve fibers in the colonic circular muscle and mucosal layers as well as in MP. This study describes for the first time changes in CART-LI nerve structures of the porcine descending colon during Lawsonia intracellularis infection, and suggests the participation of this neuropeptide in the regulation of gut functions, not only under physiological conditions, but also during pathological processes.

Heterogenous distribution of peptide-containing nerve fibres within the circular muscle layer of the human pylorus

1992 ◽  
Vol 2 (6) ◽  
pp. 403-407 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tokio Domoto ◽  
Mitsuru Oki ◽  
Tsukasa Kotoh ◽  
Teruhisa Nakamura
Keyword(s):  
Circular Muscle ◽  
Muscle Layer ◽  
Nerve Fibres ◽  
Circular Muscle Layer

scholarly journals First reported case of per anal endoscopic myectomy (PAEM): A novel endoscopic technique for resection of lesions with severe fibrosis in the rectum

2017 ◽  
Vol 05 (03) ◽  
pp. E146-E150 ◽  
Author(s):  
David Rahni ◽  
Takashi Toyonaga ◽  
Yoshiko Ohara ◽  
Francesco Lombardo ◽  
Shinichi Baba ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Longitudinal Muscle ◽  
Circular Muscle ◽  
Muscle Layer ◽  
Rectal Tumor ◽  
Resection Margins ◽  
Submucosal Layer ◽  
Longitudinal Muscle Layer ◽  
Circular Muscle Layer ◽  
Tunneling Method ◽  
Severe Fibrosis

Background and study aims A 54-year-old man was diagnosed with a rectal tumor extending through the submucosal layer. The patient refused surgery and therefore endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD) was pursued. The lesion exhibited the muscle retraction sign. After dissecting circumferentially around the fibrotic area by double tunneling method, a myotomy was performed through the internal circular muscle layer, creating a plane of dissection between the internal circular muscle layer and the external longitudinal muscle layer, and a myectomy was completed.The pathologic specimen verified T1b grade 1 sprouting adenocarcinoma with 4350 µm invasion into the submucosa with negative resection margins.

scholarly journals The transwall gradient across the mouse colonic circular muscle layer is carbon monoxide dependent

2010 ◽  
Vol 24 (10) ◽  
pp. 3840-3849 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. Sha ◽  
G. Farrugia ◽  
D. R. Linden ◽  
J. H. Szurszewski
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Monoxide ◽  
Circular Muscle ◽  
Muscle Layer ◽  
Circular Muscle Layer

Cholinergic nerve-mediated excitation in the guinea pig choledochoduodenal junction activated by distension

1994 ◽  
Vol 267 (5) ◽  
pp. G938-G946 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. Vogalis ◽  
R. R. Bywater ◽  
G. S. Taylor
Keyword(s):  
Smooth Muscle ◽  
Guinea Pig ◽  
Action Potential ◽  
Action Potentials ◽  
Discharge Rate ◽  
Circular Muscle ◽  
Muscle Layer ◽  
Circular Muscle Layer ◽  
Circular Layer ◽  
Longitudinal Layer

The electrical basis of propulsive contractions in the guinea pig choledochoduodenal junction (CDJ), which are triggered by distension, was investigated using intracellular microelectrode recording techniques. The isolated CDJ was placed in a continuously perfused tissue chamber at 37 degrees C. Membrane potential was recorded from smooth muscle cells in either the ampulla or in the upper CDJ (upper junction) regions, which were immobilized by pinning. Distension of the upper junction (20-30 s) by increasing intraductal hydrostatic pressure (mean elevation: 2.0 +/- 0.3 kPa, n = 13) triggered "transient depolarizations" (TDs: < 5 mV in amplitude and 2-5 s in duration) and action potentials in the circular muscle layer of the ampulla. The frequency of TDs in the ampulla was increased from 2.2 +/- 0.2 to 15.9 +/- 2.2 min-1 (n = 13) during distension. Simultaneous impalements of cells in the longitudinal and circular muscle layers in the ampulla revealed that subthreshold TDs in the circular layer were associated with an increased rate of action potential discharge in the longitudinal layer. Atropine (Atr; 1.4 x 10(-6) M) and tetrodotoxin (TTX; 3.1 x 10(-6) M blocked the distension-evoked increase in TD frequency, without affecting the frequency of ongoing TDs. The sulfated octapeptide of cholecystokinin (1-5 x 10(-8) M) increased the amplitude of TDs recorded in the circular muscle layer of the ampulla and increased action potential discharge rate. In separate recordings, radial stretch of the ampulla region increased the rate of discharge of action potentials in the smooth muscle of the upper junction.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Age-related changes in substance P-immunoreactive nerve structures of the rat recto-anal region

Open Medicine ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 358-364
Author(s):  
Nikolai Lazarov ◽  
Dimitar Itzev ◽  
Kamen Usunoff ◽  
Negrin Negrev ◽  
Radomir Radomirov
Keyword(s):  
Substance P ◽  
Anal Sphincter ◽  
Internal Anal Sphincter ◽  
Circular Muscle ◽  
Muscle Layer ◽  
Nerve Fibres ◽  
Anal Region ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Old Rats ◽  
Age Related Changes

AbstractThe recto-anal region is innervated by extrinsic and intrinsic nerves and a number of neuropeptides including substance P (SP) have been suggested to participate in the regulation of intestinal movements. We examined the age-related changes in the distribution of SP-immunoreactive nerve structures in the distal part of the rat large intestine. Using immunohistochemistry, the presence of SP was studied in fresh tissues from Wistar rats at different ages taken at three sampling sites, the distal rectum, anal canal and internal anal sphincter. In the 15-day old rats the myenteric plexus of the distal rectum and anal canal was well outlined by numerous SP-immunoreactive varicose nerve fibres encircling immunonegative perikarya. In the circular muscle layer, nerve fibres and small nerve bundles ran parallel to the muscle cells, while in the longitudinal muscle layer, only occasional nerve fibres were seen. At the level of the internal anal sphincter, no myenteric ganglia were present. Here, thin varicose fibers ran parallel to the smooth muscle cells. In the 3-month old rats, a larger number of intensely staining SP-immunoreactive nerve fibres were found and in the circular muscle layer, thicker nerve strands were observed. In the 26-month old rats, the density and staining intensity of SP-immunopositive nerve fibres in the myenteric plexus was lower than in the 3-month-old rats. Similar changes in the SP-immunostained fibres in the internal anal sphincter were observed. Degenerative alterations in SP-containing fibres during aging appear to play a role in ano-rectal motility and sphincter control.

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