Influence of planting density and planting date on the occurrence ofFusariumroot rot on winter wheat — A phytosanitary food chain problem

2006 ◽  
Vol 34 (1) ◽  
pp. 769-772 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jasenka Cosic ◽  
Karolina Vrandecic ◽  
Dario Novoselovic ◽  
Georg Drezner ◽  
Drazenka Jurkovic
Keyword(s):  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Food Chain ◽  
Planting Date ◽  
Planting Density ◽  
Chain Problem

Response of two sunflower hybrids to planting dates and densities

2003 ◽  
Vol 51 (1) ◽  
pp. 25-35 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Y. Allam ◽  
G. R. El-Nagar ◽  
A. H. Galal
Keyword(s):  
Seed Yield ◽  
Significant Influence ◽  
Plant Density ◽  
Growth Traits ◽  
Sowing Date ◽  
Planting Date ◽  
Oil Yield ◽  
Planting Density ◽  
Planting Dates ◽  
Head Diameter

This investigation was carried out at the Experimental Farm of Assiut University during the summers of 2000 and 2001 to study the responses of two sunflower hybrids (Vidoc and Euroflora) to planting dates (May 1st, June 1st and July 1st) and planting densities (55,533, 83,300 and 166,600 plants/ha). The results indicated that the two varieties differed highly significantly in all studied traits except oil yield/ha. The highest seed yield (3.64 t/ha) was obtained with the variety Vidoc. In addition, the results revealed that the planting date exerted a highly significant influence on all vegetative growth traits along with yield and its components. Increasing plant density increased the seed and oil yield/ha. By contrast, the stem diameter, head diameter, 100-seed weight and seed yield/plant decreased with increasing plant density. The interaction between varieties and plant density had a highly significant effect on head diameter. The greatest head diameter (20.06 cm) was recorded for the variety Vidoc planted at lower density. Concerning the interaction between planting density and planting date, the highest seed yield (4.47 t/ha) was obtained from dense plants at the early sowing date, and the highest oil % (45.32) at the late planting date and the lowest plant density. The second order interaction exerted a highly significant influence on stem and head diameter in addition to seed yield/plant, where the highest value (78.13 g/plant) was obtained with the variety Vidoc planted on May 1st at the lowest plant density.

scholarly journals Simulation of Climate Change Impacts on Phenology and Production of Winter Wheat in Northwestern China Using CERES-Wheat Model

Atmosphere ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (7) ◽  
pp. 681 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhen Zheng ◽  
Huanjie Cai ◽  
Zikai Wang ◽  
Xinkun Wang
Keyword(s):  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Climate Change Impacts ◽  
Northwest China ◽  
Warming Trend ◽  
Planting Date ◽  
Geophysical Fluid Dynamics Laboratory ◽  
Planting Dates ◽  
Growing Period ◽  
Global Circulation Models ◽  
Final Yield

Wheat plays a very important role in China’s agriculture. The wheat grain yields are affected by the growing period that is determined by temperature, precipitation, and field management, such as planting date and cultivar species. Here, we used the CSM-CERES-Wheat model along with different Representative Concentration Pathways (RCPs) and two global circulation models (GCMs) to simulate different impacts on the winter wheat that caused by changing climate for 2025 and 2050 projections for Guanzhong Plain in Northwest China. Our results showed that it is obvious that there is a warming trend in Guanzhong Plain; the mean temperature for the different scenarios increased up to 3.8 °C. Furthermore, the precipitation varied in the year; in general, the rainfall in February and August was increased, while it decreased in April, October and November. However, the solar radiation was found to be greatly reduced in the Guanzhong Plain. Compared to the reference year, the results showed that the number of days to maturity was shortened 3–24 days, and the main reason was the increased temperature during the winter wheat growing period. Moreover, five planting dates (from October 7 to 27 with five days per step) were applied to simulate the final yield and to select an appropriate planting date for the study area. The yield changed smallest based on Geophysical Fluid Dynamics Laboratory (GFDL)-CM3 (−6.5, −5.3, −4.2 based on RCP 4.5, RCP 6.0, and RCP 8.5) for 2025 when planting on October 27. Farmers might have to plant the crop before 27 October.

Lodging Resistance of Winter Wheat in Response to Nitrogen and Planting Density and Border Effect under Relay Intercropping Condition

2013 ◽  
Vol 38 (7) ◽  
pp. 1307-1317 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gao-Qiong FAN ◽  
Jin-Gang LI ◽  
Xiu-Fang WANG ◽  
Ting ZHEN ◽  
Xiang GUO ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Planting Density ◽  
Border Effect ◽  
Lodging Resistance ◽  
Relay Intercropping

Planting Date Influence on Dual-Purpose Winter Wheat Forage Yield, Grain Yield, and Test Weight

2003 ◽  
Vol 95 (5) ◽  
pp. 1179-1188 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ishrat Hossain ◽  
Francis M. Epplin ◽  
Eugene G. Krenzer
Keyword(s):  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Grain Yield ◽  
Planting Date ◽  
Forage Yield ◽  
Test Weight ◽  
Dual Purpose

Evaluating planting date and variety management strategies for adapting winter wheat to climate change impacts in arid regions

2017 ◽  
Vol 9 (6) ◽  
pp. 846-863 ◽  
Author(s):  
Iman Hesam Arefi ◽  
Mehri Saffari ◽  
Rooholla Moradi
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Grain Yield ◽  
Arid Regions ◽  
Climate Change Impacts ◽  
Planting Date ◽  
Adaptation Strategies ◽  
Wheat Grain ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Early Maturing

Purpose The purpose of this study is to simulate the climate change impacts on winter wheat production and evaluate the possibilities of using various varieties and shifting planting date as two climate change adaptation strategies in Kerman Province, Iran. Design/methodology/approach Two types of global circulation model and three scenarios for three periods were used. Daily climatic parameters were generated by LARS-WG (Long Ashton Research Station-Weather Generator). The CERES-wheat model was used to simulate future winter wheat growth, development and production. Findings The results showed that CO2 had no effect on the phenology of winter wheat, and the negative impact of temperature on the grain yield was higher than the positive effect of CO2 enrichment. The length of the reproductive growth period of the winter wheat was significantly shortened as affected by the negative impacts of rise in temperature. The simulated results indicated that the grain yield of common (medium maturing) variety of winter wheat will decline, ranging from −0.27 to −18.71 per cent according to future climate changes. Adaptation strategies showed that the early maturing variety had a higher and more stable grain yield under climate change conditions than medium and delayed maturing varieties. Earlier planting date (20 October) increased wheat grain yield under future climatic conditions than common (November 5) planting date. In reverse, later planting (November 20) would accelerate harmful effects of climate change on wheat grain yield. Originality/value The results highlighted the potential of early maturing variety and early planting date as the appropriate agronomical approaches for mitigating harmful impacts of climate change on winter wheat production in arid regions.

Effects of shading and seed tuber spacing on initiation and number of tubers in potato crops (Solanum tuberosum)

1998 ◽  
Vol 130 (4) ◽  
pp. 431-449 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. J. O'BRIEN ◽  
D. M. FIRMAN ◽  
E. J. ALLEN
Keyword(s):  
Field Experiments ◽  
Seed Tuber ◽  
Incident Radiation ◽  
Planting Date ◽  
Planting Density ◽  
Radiation Environment ◽  
Tuber Initiation ◽  
Planting Dates ◽  
Short Period ◽  
Growth Initiation

Twelve field experiments, carried out over 7 years, examined effects of shading and seed tuber spacing on plant growth, initiation and retention of tubers in four cultivars: Estima, Maris Piper, Maris Peer and Record. Ten of the experiments were carried out at Cambridge and two near Valencia, Spain. Other treatments included in some experiments were floating polythene mulch and planting date.Shading by up to 75% did not affect the timing of onset or cessation of tuber initiation in Estima but shading by 50% or more delayed the completion of tuber initiation in Maris Piper compared with less severe shading. Except for intensely shaded treatments (50% or more), the majority of tubers were initiated in a very short period (4–7 days). Shading by 37% or more during the period of tuber initiation and increasing planting density, decreased number of tubers per stem initiated in all experiments, but number of tubers was not affected by shading at other stages of growth. At Cambridge, effects of shading on number of tubers >10 mm retained later in growth from normal planting dates (March to early May) were similar to effects on number of tubers initiated, but effects were much reduced or absent following later plantings at Cambridge and in both experiments in Valencia. The decreased effects of shading on number of tubers >10 mm at late plantings at Cambridge were associated with the initiation of fewer tubers at these plantings. Effects of shading, planting density and planting date on number of tubers were a consequence of changes in the frequency of occurrence and tuberization of different stolon types. Increasing shading and planting density and delaying planting reduced the number of lateral and branch stolons and the frequency of their tuberization but there were no effects on number of primary stolons or their tuberization. Consequently, at Cambridge a similar number of tubers was borne on primary stolons in shaded and unshaded crops. In Valencia a greater proportion of initiated tubers was retained at final harvest from shaded treatments than at Cambridge, which accounts for the absence of effects of shading on number of tubers >10 mm. The greater retention of tubers late in growth in Spain may have been associated with the higher peak growth rates achieved in higher radiation fluxes than at Cambridge.Linear regressions of the data for normal planting dates at Cambridge and from Valencia indicated that the number of tubers >10 mm late in growth was dependent on the radiation environment during the period of tuber initiation. Radiation flux during the brightest period of the first few days of initiation appeared to be the most crucial aspect of radiation affecting number of tubers. As incident radiation can vary greatly over the short period of tuber initiation, it is potentially an important factor affecting number of tubers in field crops.

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