Karnal bunt resistance in synthetic hexaploid wheats (SH) derived from durum wheat ×Aegilops tauschiicombinations and in some SH × bread wheat derivatives

2006 ◽  
Vol 34 (4) ◽  
pp. 1199-1205 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Mujeeb-Kazi ◽  
G. Fuentes-Davilla ◽  
Alvina Gul ◽  
Javed Mirza
Keyword(s):  
Durum Wheat ◽  
Bread Wheat ◽  
Karnal Bunt ◽  
Synthetic Hexaploid Wheats ◽  
Synthetic Hexaploid ◽  
Bunt Resistance

Genetic analysis of karnal bunt resistance in 14 Mexican bread-wheat genotypes

1995 ◽  
Vol 114 (5) ◽  
pp. 439-441 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. Singh ◽  
S. Rajaram ◽  
J. Montoya ◽  
G. Fuentes-Davila
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Analysis ◽  
Bread Wheat ◽  
Karnal Bunt ◽  
Wheat Genotypes ◽  
Bunt Resistance

Resistance to root-lesion nematodes (Pratylenchus thornei and P. neglectus) in synthetic hexaploid wheats and their durum and Aegilops tauschii parents

2008 ◽  
Vol 59 (5) ◽  
pp. 432 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. P. Thompson
Keyword(s):  
Bread Wheat ◽  
Combining Ability ◽  
Aegilops Tauschii ◽  
General Combining Ability ◽  
F1 Hybrids ◽  
Pratylenchus Thornei ◽  
Lesion Nematodes ◽  
Synthetic Hexaploid Wheats ◽  
Synthetic Hexaploid ◽  
Root Lesion Nematodes

Root-lesion nematodes (Pratylenchus thornei Sher and Allen and P. neglectus (Rensch) Filipijev and Schuurmans Stekhoven) cause substantial yield loss to wheat crops in the northern grain region of Australia. Resistance to P. thornei for use in wheat breeding programs was sought among synthetic hexaploid wheats (2n = 6x = 42, AABBDD) produced through hybridisations of Triticum turgidum L. subsp. durum (Desf.) Husn (2n = 4x = 28, AABB) with Aegilops tauschii Coss. (2n = 2x = 14, DD). Resistance was determined for the synthetic hexaploid wheats and their durum and Ae. tauschii parents from the numbers of nematodes in the roots of plants grown for 16 weeks in pots of pasteurised soil inoculated with P. thornei. Fifty-nine (32%) of 186 accessions of synthetic hexaploid wheats had lower numbers of nematodes than Gatcher Selection 50a (GS50a), a partially resistant bread wheat. Greater frequencies of partial resistance were present in the durum parents (72% of 39 lines having lower nematode numbers than GS50a) and in the Ae. tauschii parents (55% of 53 lines). The 59 synthetic hexaploids were re-tested in a second experiment along with their parents. In a third experiment, 11 resistant synthetic hexaploid wheats and their F1 hybrids with Janz, a susceptible bread wheat, were tested and the F1s were found to give nematode counts intermediate between the respective two parents. Synthetic hexaploid wheats with higher levels of resistance resulted from hybridisations where both the durum and Ae. tauschii parents were partially resistant, rather than where only one parent was partially resistant. These results suggest that resistance to P. thornei in synthetic hexaploid wheats is polygenic, with resistances located both in the D genome from Ae. tauschii and in the A and/or B genomes from durum. Five synthetic hexaploid wheats were selected for further study on the basis of (1) a high level of resistance to P. thornei of the synthetic hexaploid wheats and of both their durum and Ae. tauschii parents, (2) being representative of both Australian and CIMMYT (International Maize and Wheat Improvement Centre) durums, and (3) being representative of the morphological subspecies and varieties of Ae. tauschii. These 5 synthetic hexaploid wheats were also shown to be resistant to P. neglectus, whereas GS50a and 2 P. thornei-resistant derivatives were quite susceptible. Results of P. thornei resistance of F1s and F2s from a half diallel of these 5 synthetic hexaploid wheats, GS50a, and Janz from another study indicate polygenic additive resistance and better general combining ability for the synthetic hexaploid wheats than for GS50a. Published molecular marker studies on a doubled haploid population between the synthetic hexaploid wheat with best general combining ability (CPI133872) and Janz have shown quantitative trait loci for resistance located in all 3 genomes. Synthetic hexaploid wheats offer a convenient way of introgressing new resistances to P. thornei and P. neglectus from both durum and Ae. tauschii into commercial bread wheats.

Molecular mapping of QTLs for Karnal bunt resistance in two recombinant inbred populations of bread wheat

2007 ◽  
Vol 116 (1) ◽  
pp. 147-154 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sukhwinder Singh ◽  
Indu Sharma ◽  
Sunish K. Sehgal ◽  
Navtej S. Bains ◽  
Zhigang Guo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bread Wheat ◽  
Recombinant Inbred ◽  
Molecular Mapping ◽  
Karnal Bunt ◽  
Inbred Populations ◽  
Bunt Resistance

scholarly journals KARNAL BUNT RESISTANCE IN SYNTHETIC HEXAPLOID/BREAD WHEAT DERIVATIVES

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 64-82
Author(s):  
Rabia Amir ◽  
Sumaira Salah-ud-Din Lodhi ◽  
Peter John ◽  
Abdul Mujeeb Kazi ◽  
Alvina Gul
Keyword(s):  
Disease Resistance ◽  
Bread Wheat ◽  
Extreme Environments ◽  
Karnal Bunt ◽  
Disease Symptoms ◽  
The Public ◽  
Long Period ◽  
The World ◽  
Synthetic Hexaploid

Karnal bunt is caused by a smut fungus (Tilletiaindica), which results in blackening of seeds in wheat. It is one of the most common fungal diseases of wheat and is subjected to quarantine in many countries of the world. The disease symptoms are usually blackening of seeds and fishy smell. The flour made by infested wheat is unlikely to be purchased and consumed by the public. The disease spores stay potent for a long period of time for upto 5 years or more, thereby reducing the chances of its eradication. Certain methods have been used to increase the resistance of plants against Karnal bunt, which includes use of fungicides as well as exposure to artificial extreme environments to kill the pathogen. Breeding for disease resistance is of huge interest to scientists as it is cheap and also results in better quality of crop for export purposes. We screened a set of synthetic/bread wheat derivatives against Karnal bunt and identified two resistant derivatives for breeders.

scholarly journals Production of synthetic wheat lines to exploit the genetic diversity of emmer wheat and D genome containing Aegilops species in wheat breeding

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ghader Mirzaghaderi ◽  
Zinat Abdolmalaki ◽  
Rahman Ebrahimzadegan ◽  
Farshid Bahmani ◽  
Fatemeh Orooji ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Durum Wheat ◽  
Bread Wheat ◽  
Triticum Turgidum ◽  
Wheat Breeding ◽  
Emmer Wheat ◽  
Synthetic Wheat ◽  
D Genome ◽  
Synthetic Hexaploid ◽  
Wheat Lines

AbstractDue to the accumulation of various useful traits over evolutionary time, emmer wheat (Triticum turgidum subsp. dicoccum and dicoccoides, 2n = 4x = 28; AABB), durum wheat (T. turgidum subsp. durum, 2n = 4x = 28; AABB), T. timopheevii (2n = 4x = 28; AAGG) and D genome containing Aegilops species offer excellent sources of novel variation for the improvement of bread wheat (T. aestivum L., AABBDD). Here, we made 192 different cross combinations between diverse genotypes of wheat and Aegilops species including emmer wheat × Ae. tauschii (2n = DD or DDDD), durum wheat × Ae. tauschii, T. timopheevii × Ae. tauschii, Ae. crassa × durum wheat, Ae. cylindrica × durum wheat and Ae. ventricosa × durum wheat in the field over three successive years. We successfully recovered 56 different synthetic hexaploid and octaploid F2 lines with AABBDD, AABBDDDD, AAGGDD, D1D1XcrXcrAABB, DcDcCcCcAABB and DvDvNvNvAABB genomes via in vitro rescue of F1 embryos and spontaneous production of F2 seeds on the Fl plants. Cytogenetic analysis of F2 lines showed that the produced synthetic wheat lines were generally promising stable amphiploids. Contribution of D genome bearing Aegilops and the less-investigated emmer wheat genotypes as parents in the crosses resulted in synthetic amphiploids which are a valuable resource for bread wheat breeding.

Resistance to Karnal Bunt (Tilletia indica Mitra) in Synthetic Hexaploid Wheats Derived from Triticum turgidum x T. tauschii

1994 ◽  
Vol 112 (1) ◽  
pp. 63-69 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. L. Villareal ◽  
A. Mujeeb-Kazi ◽  
G. Fuentes-Davila ◽  
S. Rajaram ◽  
E. Toro
Keyword(s):  
Triticum Turgidum ◽  
Karnal Bunt ◽  
Tilletia Indica ◽  
Synthetic Hexaploid Wheats ◽  
Synthetic Hexaploid

Registration of 10 Synthetic Hexaploid Wheat and Six Bread Wheat Germplasms Resistant to Karnal Bunt

Crop Science ◽  
2001 ◽  
Vol 41 (5) ◽  
pp. 1652-1653 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Mujeeb-Kazi ◽  
G. Fuentes-Davila ◽  
R.L. Villareal ◽  
A. Cortes ◽  
V. Roasas ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bread Wheat ◽  
Hexaploid Wheat ◽  
Karnal Bunt ◽  
Synthetic Hexaploid Wheat ◽  
Synthetic Hexaploid

Multiplication of secondary sporidia of Tilletia indica on soil and wheat leaves and spikes and incidence of Karnal bunt

1989 ◽  
Vol 67 (8) ◽  
pp. 2387-2390 ◽  
Author(s):  
Harcharan Singh Dhaliwal
Keyword(s):  
Durum Wheat ◽  
Bread Wheat ◽  
Karnal Bunt ◽  
Tilletia Indica ◽  
Mechanisms Of Resistance ◽  
Sterile Soil ◽  
Field Multiplication ◽  
Wheat Leaves

Secondary allantoid sporidia of Tilletia indica released from mycelial colonies germinate and multiply on sterile soil. They also germinate on surface-sterile leaves and glumes of Karnal bunt-resistant triticale, durum wheat, and bread wheat, indicating that the mechanisms of resistance operate after the germination of sporidia. Inoculated spikes produce infective secondary sporidia in the field. Multiplication of sporidia on soil, leaves, and spikes suggests that the original inoculum from soilborne teliospores may play only a starting role in Karnal bunt epidemics.

scholarly journals Genetic diversity of high and low molecular weight glutenin subunits in Saharan bread and durum wheats from Algerian oases

2012 ◽  
Vol 48 (No. 1) ◽  
pp. 23-32 ◽  
Author(s):  
I. Bellil ◽  
M. Chekara Bouziani ◽  
D. Khelifi
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Molecular Weight ◽  
Durum Wheat ◽  
Bread Wheat ◽  
Allelic Variation ◽  
Low Molecular Weight ◽  
Glutenin Subunits ◽  
Lmw Glutenin Subunits ◽  
Genotypic Identification ◽  
Diversity Studies

Saharan wheats have been studied particularly from a botanical viewpoint. Genotypic identification, classification and genetic diversity studies to date were essentially based on the morphology of the spike and grain. For this, the allelic variation at the glutenin loci was studied in a set of Saharan bread and durum wheats from Algerian oases where this crop has been traditionally cultivated. The high molecular weight and low molecular weight glutenin subunit composition of 40 Saharan bread and 30 durum wheats was determined by SDS-PAGE. In Saharan bread wheats 32 alleles at the six glutenin loci were detected, which in combination resulted in 36 different patterns including 17 for HMW and 23 for LMW glutenin subunits. For the Saharan durum wheats, 29 different alleles were identified for the five glutenin loci studied. Altogether, 29 glutenin patterns were detected, including 13 for HMW-GS and 20 for LMW-GS. Three new alleles were found in Saharan wheats, two in durum wheat at the Glu-B1 and Glu-B3 loci, and one in bread wheat at the Glu-B1 locus. The mean indices of genetic variation at the six loci in bread wheat and at the five loci in durum wheat were 0.59 and 0.63, respectively, showing that Saharan wheats were more diverse. This information could be useful to select Saharan varieties with improved quality and also as a source of genes to develop new lines when breeding for quality.

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