Prophylaxis and treatment of chronic viral hepatitis as the prevention of hepatocellular carcinoma

2009 ◽  
Vol 150 (1) ◽  
pp. 19-26 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alajos Pár
Keyword(s):  
Hepatocellular Carcinoma ◽  
Hepatitis B ◽  
Viral Hepatitis ◽  
Chronic Viral Hepatitis

Mivel a hepatitis B- és C-vírus- (HBV-, HCV-) fertőzés döntő szerepet játszik a hepatocellularis carcinoma (HCC) keletkezésében, a HBV és HCV okozta hepatitis és cirrhosis megelőzése és kezelése egyben a HCC prevencióját is jelentheti. A HCC primer prevencióját képviseli a HBV elleni vakcináció és a donorok szűrése HBV- és HCV-markerekre. A szekunder prevencióhoz sorolható az interferonalapú és/vagy nukleozidanalóg anti-HBV- és anti-HCV-terápia, a cirrhosisos betegek HCC irányában történő alfa-foetoprotein + ultrahang szűrése, valamint a HCC kuratív reszekciója/ablatiója utáni adjuváns antivirális kezelés. Várható, hogy a HBV-vakcináció világszerte történő széles körű alkalmazása, továbbá az optimalizált individuális antivirális kezelésmódok, az új nukleozidanalógok és HCV-specifikus proteáz- és polimerázgátlók révén előrelépés történik nemcsak a vírushepatitisek megelőzésében és terápiájában, hanem a HCC prevenciójában is a nem túl távoli jövőben.

scholarly journals ESTRATEGIAS PARA LA ERRADICACIÓN MUNDIAL DE LA HEPATITIS VIRAL CRÓNICA PARA EL 2030

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (4) ◽  
pp. 45
Author(s):  
Edgardo Mengual-Moreno ◽  
Maribel Lizarzábal-García ◽  
Orlando J. Penaloza
Keyword(s):  
Hepatocellular Carcinoma ◽  
Liver Cirrhosis ◽  
Hepatitis C ◽  
Hepatitis B ◽  
Viral Hepatitis ◽  
Chronic Viral Hepatitis ◽  
Diagnostic Methods ◽  
World Health ◽  
Post Exposure Prophylaxis ◽  
Hepatitis D

Los virus de hepatitis B (VHB), C (VHC) y D (VHD); producen hepatitis viral crónica (HVC) responsable de 1.4 millones de muertes por cirrosis hepática y carcinoma hepatocelular. La Organización Mundial de la Salud, adoptó estrategias para la eliminación del VHC para el año 2030. La vacunación contra el VHB reduce el 80% de muertes, previene la HVC por VHB, VHD y el carcinoma hepatocelular. La prevención de la transmisión vertical es una estrategia 90% útil para detener la HVC en hijos de madres infectadas con el VHB. El uso apropiado de inyecciones, pesquisaje adecuado de la sangre de dotantes y la selección restrictiva de donantes disminuye el riesgo de VHC. Las medidas de reducción de daño de HVC consisten en proporcionar jeringas estériles a adictos, prevención de accidentes por pinchazos en personal de salud, introducción de dispositivos de seguridad para la prevención de lesiones punzantes, vacunación de todos los trabajadores de la salud y profilaxis posterior a accidentes laborales. El diagnóstico correcto de VHB permitirá instaurar el tratamiento disponible no curativo, mientras que la terapia antiviral de acción directa cura la hepatitis C. El uso de preservativos y nuevos métodos diagnósticos podrían ser estrategias útiles de prevención de HVC. Palabras claves: hepatitis B, hepatitis C, hepatitis D, hepatitis viral crónica, cirrosis hepática, erradicación. ABSTRACT Chronic viral hepatitis (CVH) associated with Hepatitis B (HBV), C (HCV) and D (HDV) viruses are responsible for 1.4 million deaths from liver cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma. The World Health Organization has implemented strategies for the elimination of HCV by 2030. Vaccination against HBV reduces 80% of deaths and prevents CVH associated with HBV, HDV, and hepatocellular carcinoma. The prevention of perinatal vertical transmission is the most appropriate strategy to avoid CVH by 90% in children of HBV infected mothers. The use of injections appropriately, the screening of blood from donors, and restrictive donor selection decrease the risk of HCV. CVH harm reduction consist of providing sterile syringes to people who inject drugs (PWID), prevention of accidental puncture in health personnel, introduction of safety devices for the prevention of puncture injuries, vaccination against HBV of all health workers and post-exposure prophylaxis after work related accidents. The correct diagnosis of HBV, will allow the introduction of available non-curative treatment, while direct-acting antiviral therapy cures hepatitis C. The use of condoms and new diagnostic methods could be useful strategies for preventing HCV. Keywords: hepatitis B, hepatitis C, hepatitis D, chronic viral hepatitis, liver cirrhosis, eradication.

scholarly journals The effect of chronic viral hepatitis on prognostic value of inflammatory biomarkers in hepatocellular carcinoma

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cortlandt M. Sellers ◽  
Johannes Uhlig ◽  
Johannes M. Ludwig ◽  
Jeffrey S. Pollak ◽  
Tamar H. Taddei ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hepatocellular Carcinoma ◽  
Viral Hepatitis ◽  
Prognostic Value ◽  
Chronic Viral Hepatitis ◽  
Inflammatory Biomarkers

scholarly journals Viral hepatitis associated hepatocellular carcinoma on the African continent, the past, present, and future: a systematic review

BMC Cancer ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ottovon Bismark Dakurah ◽  
Cynthia Raissa Tchuem Tamandjou ◽  
Moleen Zunza ◽  
Wolfgang Preiser ◽  
Tongai Gibson Maponga
Keyword(s):  
Hepatocellular Carcinoma ◽  
Systematic Review ◽  
Hepatitis B ◽  
Viral Hepatitis ◽  
Web Of Science ◽  
African Continent ◽  
Inclusion Criteria ◽  
Hepatitis D ◽  
The Past ◽  
B Virus

Abstract Background Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is one of the leading causes of cancer-related deaths in Africa. In Africa, the major causes of HCC include chronic infection with hepatitis B virus (HBV) and/or hepatitis C virus (HCV). Knowledge of the changes in the incidence of viral hepatitis-associated HCC over time and the factors responsible for such changes is key in informing policies for the prevention of viral hepatitis-associated HCC in Africa. Aim The study aimed to systematically summarize the changes in the prevalence of viral hepatitis among HCC patients and the overall effect of the prevalence of viral hepatitis on the incidence of HCC over the past four decades in Africa (1980–2019). Methods A literature search was conducted in MEDLINE (PubMed), Google Scholar, Science Direct, Scopus, Web of Science, and African wide web for articles published on viral hepatitis-associated HCC in Africa from 1980 to 2019. The abstracts of the articles were screened for eligibility and those meeting the inclusion criteria were retrieved and reviewed. Results A total of 272 studies were included in the analysis. Viral hepatitis-related HCC incidence changed by 1.17% (95% confidence interval (CI): 0.63–1.71, p < 0.001), 0.82% (95% CI: 0.45–1.18, p < 0.001), and 3.34% (95% CI: 2.44–4.25, p < 0.001) for every 1% change in the prevalence of HBV, HCV, and hepatitis D virus (HDV) respectively, per decade. The incidence of HBV-related HCC decreased by − 0.50% (95% CI: − 0.74 – − 0.25, p < 0.001) over the last 40 years, while HCV-related HCC increased. Conclusion Overall, the incidence of viral hepatitis-associated HCC has not declined, mainly due to no decline in the prevalence of HCV, HDV, and the high number of chronic hepatitis B carriers on the African continent. There is an urgent need for the allocation of resources for the implementation of treatment and preventive programs for HBV, HCV, HDV, and HCC in Africa. This systematic review is registered with PROSPERO®, number CRD42020169723.

Combination therapy in the treatment of chronic viral hepatitis and prevention of hepatocellular carcinoma

2003 ◽  
Vol 3 (8) ◽  
pp. 1169-1176 ◽  
Author(s):  
G Rasi ◽  
P Pierimarchi ◽  
P Sinibaldi Vallebona ◽  
F Colella ◽  
E Garaci
Keyword(s):  
Hepatocellular Carcinoma ◽  
Combination Therapy ◽  
Viral Hepatitis ◽  
Chronic Viral Hepatitis

Thrombopoietin levels in serum and liver tissue in patients with chronic viral hepatitis and hepatocellular carcinoma

2000 ◽  
Vol 99 (3) ◽  
pp. 207-214 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michiko OKUBO ◽  
Goshi SHIOTA ◽  
Hironaka KAWASAKI
Keyword(s):  
Hepatocellular Carcinoma ◽  
Viral Hepatitis ◽  
Liver Diseases ◽  
Total Mass ◽  
Sandwich Elisa ◽  
Chronic Viral Hepatitis ◽  
Rt Pcr ◽  
Platelet Counts ◽  
Indocyanine Green Test ◽  
Normal Controls

Thrombocytopenia in liver diseases is considered to be due to splenic platelet pooling and accelerated destruction. Since thrombopoietin (TPO), a regulator of thrombopoiesis, is produced mainly in the liver, decreased production of TPO may account for thrombocytopenia in liver diseases. To address this issue, we measured serum TPO, using a sensitive sandwich ELISA, in 108 patients with chronic viral hepatitis, which included chronic hepatitis (CH) and liver cirrhosis (LC), and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), and in 29 normal controls. TPO mRNA in 78 liver samples was examined by reverse transcription (RT)-PCR. Platelet counts in CH, LC, HCC and controls were 176±15×109/l, 81±8×109/l, 99±7×109/l and 234±9×109/l respectively. Serum TPO levels in CH, LC and HCC were 2.79±0.4 fmol/ml, 1.49±0.2 fmol/ml and 1.97±0.2 fmol/ml, and were higher than those of controls. Serum TPO levels were positively correlated with prothrombin time and serum albumin (P < 0.05, in each case), and negatively correlated with Indocyanine Green test and Pugh score (P < 0.01 and P < 0.05 respectively). However, RT-PCR and immunohistochemistry showed that expression of TPO mRNA and protein were similar in the different liver diseases, suggesting that serum TPO is a reflection of the total mass of functional liver. Platelet counts were negatively correlated with spleen index, but not with serum TPO. These results suggest that thrombocytopenia in liver disease is not directly associated with serum TPO but is associated with hypersplenism.

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