FREKUENSI PEMUNCULAN, TINGKAH LAKU, DAN DISTRIBUSI MAMALIA LAUT DI LAUT SAWU, NUSA TENGGARA TIMUR

Penelitian mamalia laut dilakukan pada bulan Juli dan Desember tahun 2005 di perairan Laut Sawu, Nusa Tenggara Timur. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui tingkah laku, frekuensi pemunculan, dan pola penyebaran mamalia laut. Metode survei menggunakan garis transek dengan pola zig-zag dan dilengkapi dua pengamat (double observer). Delapan spesies mamalia laut yang terdiri atas paus dan lumba-lumba berhasil diidentifikasi, yaitu ikan paus sperma (Physetermacrocephalus), paus pilot (Globicephala macrorhynchus), paus pembunuh kerdil (Feresa attenuata), paus pembunuh (Pseudorca crasidens), lumba-lumba paruh panjang (Stenella longirostris), lumbalumba botol (Stenella attenuata), lumba-lumba fraser (Lagenodelphis hosei), dan lumba-lumba hidung botol (Tursiop truncatus). Tingkah laku mamalia laut yang teridentifikasi selama pengamatan adalah berburu mangsa, melompat ke atas permukaan air, dan berenang menuju arah tertentu. Frekuensi pemunculan tertinggi dilakukan oleh Stenella longirostris yaitu 245 kali atau 84,1% kehadiran pada bulan Juli dan 994 kali atau 60,8% kehadiran pada bulan Desember 2005. Distribusi mamalia laut di Laut Sawu sebagian besar terkonsentrasi di sekitar perairan Lembata, Pantar, danAlor, Nusa Tenggara Timur yang juga didominansi oleh Stenella longirostris. Study on mamals was conducted in the Sawu Sea, East Nusa Tenggara on July and December 2005. The objectives of these research are to study the sighting frequency and the distribution patterns of marine mammals. Survey was conducted using line transect with zig-zag patern that equiped by two observer. Eight species of cetacean, namely sperm whale (Physetermacrocephalus), short fin pilot whale (Globicephala macrorhynchus), false killer whale (Pseudorca crasidens), pigmy killer whale (Feresa attenuata), spinner dolphin (Stenella longirostris), spotted dolphin (Stenella attenuata), fraser’s dolphin (Lagenodelphis hosei), and bottlenose dolphin (Tursiops truncatus). The cetacean behavior during observation are hunting, forfeed jumping in the air, and travelling to certain direction. Stenella longirostris is the frequent observed species compared to the others, where 245 sightings (84,1%) on July and 994 sightings (60,8%) on December 2005. The cetacean distributed in the Lembata, Pantar, and Alor waters, East Nusa Tenggara was dominated by spinner dolphin (Stenella longirostris).

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Cetacean strandings along the Pacific and Caribbean coasts of Nicaragua from 2014 to 2021

Marine Biodiversity Records ◽

10.1186/s41200-021-00209-5 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 14 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Joëlle De Weerdt ◽

Eric Angel Ramos ◽

Etienne Pouplard ◽

Marc Kochzius ◽

Phillip Clapham

Keyword(s):

Marine Mammals ◽

Sperm Whale ◽

Distribution Patterns ◽

Sperm Whales ◽

The Pacific ◽

Toothed Whale ◽

Beaked Whales ◽

Causes Of Mortality ◽

Cuvier’S Beaked Whale ◽

Stenella Attenuata

AbstractDocumenting marine mammal strandings provides important information needed to understand the occurrence and distribution patterns of species. Here, we report on strandings of cetaceans on the Pacific (n = 11) and Caribbean (n = 2) coasts of Nicaragua, documented opportunistically from 2014 to 2021. Strandings included three species of baleen whale (blue whale Balaenoptera musculus, Bryde’s whale Balaenoptera edeni, humpback whale Megaptera novaeangliae) and five species of toothed whale (dwarf sperm whale Kogia sima, Guiana dolphin Sotalia guianensis, pantropical spotted dolphin Stenella attenuata, spinner dolphin Stenella longirostris, Cuvier’s beaked whale Ziphius cavirostris). These are the first published accounts of blue whales, Bryde’s whales, dwarf sperm whales, and Cuvier’s beaked whales in Nicaraguan waters. Limited resources and the advanced decomposition of animals prevented necropsies in most cases, the identification of the causes of mortality in all cases, and the species identification of two dolphins. Information derived from these stranding events offers new insights into the occurrence of marine mammals on the Pacific and Caribbean coasts of Nicaragua and Central America.

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A Morphological and Histological Examination of the Pan-tropical Spotted Dolphin (Stenella attenuata) and the Spinner Dolphin (Stenella longirostris) Adrenal Gland

Anatomia Histologia Embryologia ◽

10.1111/j.1439-0264.2007.00821.x ◽

2008 ◽

Vol 37 (2) ◽

pp. 153-159 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

L. S. Clark ◽

D. F. Cowan ◽

D. C. Pfeiffer

Keyword(s):

Adrenal Gland ◽

Histological Examination ◽

Spotted Dolphin ◽

Stenella Longirostris ◽

Spinner Dolphin ◽

Stenella Attenuata

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The cetaceans of Aruba, southern Caribbean

Journal of the Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom ◽

10.1017/s0025315413000337 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 94 (6) ◽

pp. 1161-1174 ◽

Cited By ~ 8

Author(s):

Jolanda A. Luksenburg

Keyword(s):

Killer Whale ◽

Sperm Whale ◽

Common Dolphin ◽

Physeter Macrocephalus ◽

Cetacean Species ◽

Additional Species ◽

Pilot Whale ◽

Stenella Frontalis ◽

Spotted Dolphin ◽

Delphinus Capensis

Aruba is one of the most densely populated islands in the Caribbean. However, very little is known about its cetaceans. In 2010 and 2011, a total of 19721 km (1686 h) boat-based surveys over nearshore transects resulted in 117 positively-identified sightings comprising eight species. New records are also added for one of three previously-documented species. Five additional species were documented from strandings or reports by others. This brings the total number of cetacean species identified in Aruban waters to 16, of which nine are authenticated here for the first time. Atlantic spotted dolphin (Stenella frontalis (N = 59) and bottlenose dolphin (Tursiops truncatus) (N = 33) were the most frequently observed species, with sightings of both year-round, followed by spinner dolphin (S. longirostris) and false killer whale (Pseudorca crassidens). Additional species recorded are pantropical spotted dolphin (S. attenuata), striped dolphin (S. coeruleoalba), common dolphin (Delphinus capensis), rough-toothed dolphin (Steno bredanensis), short-finned pilot whale (Globicephala macrorhynchus), killer whale (Orcinus orca), Risso's dolphin (Grampus griseus), humpback whale (Megaptera novaeangliae), Bryde's/Eden's whale (Balaenoptera brydei/edeni), sperm whale (Physeter macrocephalus) and an unidentified beaked whale (Mesoplodon sp.). All cetaceans were sighted within 22 km of the coast in relatively shallow waters. Sighting rate was low (0.69 cetacean sightings per 100 km). Sightings of calves and neonates indicate that Aruba may be a nursing or breeding area for some species. The presence of several species of cetaceans in Aruba's coastal waters year-round indicates that status and threat assessments are needed to protect them.

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Summer distribution and relative abundance of cetacean populations off north-west Scotland

Journal of the Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom ◽

10.1017/s0025315403008476h ◽

2003 ◽

Vol 83 (5) ◽

pp. 1187-1192 ◽

Cited By ~ 12

Author(s):

K. Macleod ◽

M.P. Simmonds ◽

E. Murray

Keyword(s):

Relative Abundance ◽

Sperm Whale ◽

Abundant Species ◽

Line Transect ◽

Migration Route ◽

Common Dolphin ◽

Physeter Macrocephalus ◽

Pilot Whale ◽

North West ◽

Line Transect Survey

A line transect survey was conducted in July/August 1998 to investigate the distribution and abundance of cetaceans off north-west Scotland. Over 2156.5 km of survey effort, 304 sightings were recorded of which 184 were identified to species. Nine species were identified: Atlantic white-sided dolphin Lagenorhynchus acutus, fin whale Balaenoptera physalus, sei whale Balaenoptera borealis, long-finned pilot whale Globicephala melas, sperm whale Physeter macrocephalus, common dolphin Delphinus delphis, harbour porpoise Phocoena phocoena, white beaked dolphin Lagenorhynchus albirostris and Risso's dolphin Grampus griseus. The Atlantic white-sided dolphin was the most relatively abundant species. The relative abundance of large whales and dolphins was greatest in the Faroe–Shetland Channel. The continental slopes of this area are undergoing development by oil industries and concerns have been raised about the potential impacts of these activities on cetaceans. These waters are used year-round by cetaceans and provide feeding and breeding grounds and are a migration route for large whales.

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Definite records of Sperm Whale Physeter catodon (Linnaeus), Spinner Dolphin Stenella longirostris (Gray) and Bottlenose Dolphin Tursiops truncatus (Montagu) (Mammalia: Cetartiodactyla) in the Arabian Sea

Journal of Threatened Taxa ◽

10.11609/jott.o1881.180-81 ◽

2009 ◽

Vol 1 (3) ◽

pp. 180-181

Author(s):

Satish Pande ◽

Niranjan Sant ◽

Shivkumar Pednekar ◽

M.S. Pradhan

Keyword(s):

Bottlenose Dolphin ◽

Tursiops Truncatus ◽

Arabian Sea ◽

Sperm Whale ◽

Stenella Longirostris ◽

Spinner Dolphin

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Definite records of Sperm Whale Physeter catodon (Linnaeus), Spinner Dolphin Stenella longirostris (Gray) and Bottlenose Dolphin Tursiops truncatus (Montagu) (Mammalia: Cetartiodactyla) in the Arabian Sea

Journal of Threatened Taxa ◽

10.11609/jott.o1881.180-1 ◽

2009 ◽

Vol 1 (3) ◽

pp. 180-181

Author(s):

Satish Pande ◽

Niranjan Sant ◽

Shivkumar Pednekar ◽

M.S. Pradhan

Keyword(s):

Bottlenose Dolphin ◽

Tursiops Truncatus ◽

Arabian Sea ◽

Sperm Whale ◽

Stenella Longirostris ◽

Spinner Dolphin

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Killer whale (Orcinus orca) occurrence and predation in the Bahamas

Journal of the Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom ◽

10.1017/s0025315413000908 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 94 (6) ◽

pp. 1305-1309 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Charlotte Dunn ◽

Diane Claridge

Keyword(s):

Marine Mammals ◽

Sperm Whale ◽

Orcinus Orca ◽

Killer Whales ◽

The Bahamas ◽

Stenella Frontalis ◽

Photo Identification ◽

Spotted Dolphin ◽

Lagenodelphis Hosei ◽

Identification Analysis

Killer whales (Orcinus orca) have a cosmopolitan distribution, yet little is known about populations that inhabit tropical waters. We compiled 34 sightings of killer whales in the Bahamas, recorded from 1913 to 2011. Group sizes were generally small (mean = 4.2, range = 1–12, SD = 2.6). Thirteen sightings were documented with photographs and/or video of sufficient quality to allow individual photo-identification analysis. Of the 45 whales photographed, 14 unique individual killer whales were identified, eight of which were re-sighted between two and nine times. An adult female (Oo6) and a now-adult male (Oo4), were first seen together in 1995, and have been re-sighted together eight times over a 16-yr period. To date, killer whales in the Bahamas have only been observed preying on marine mammals, including Atlantic spotted dolphin (Stenella frontalis), Fraser's dolphin (Lagenodelphis hosei), pygmy sperm whale (Kogia breviceps) and dwarf sperm whale (Kogia sima), all of which are previously unrecorded prey species for Orcinus orca.

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Bio-Inspired Covert Active Sonar Strategy

Sensors ◽

10.3390/s18082436 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 18 (8) ◽

pp. 2436 ◽

Cited By ~ 7

Author(s):

Jiajia Jiang ◽

Xianquan Wang ◽

Fajie Duan ◽

Chunyue Li ◽

Xiao Fu ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Marine Mammals ◽

Estimation Method ◽

Sperm Whale ◽

Waveform Design ◽

Velocity Estimation ◽

Estimation Methods ◽

Range Resolution ◽

Active Sonar ◽

Ocean Noise ◽

Underwater Target

The covertness of the active sonar is a very important issue and the sonar signal waveform design problem was studied to improve covertness of the system. Many marine mammals produce call pulses for communication and echolocation, and existing interception systems normally classify these biological signals as ocean noise and filter them out. Based on this, a bio-inspired covert active sonar strategy was proposed. The true, rather than man-made sperm whale, call pulses were used to serve as sonar waveforms so as to ensure the camouflage ability of sonar waveforms. A range and velocity measurement combination (RVMC) was designed by using two true sperm whale call pulses which had excellent range resolution (RR) and large Doppler tolerance (DT). The range and velocity estimation methods were developed based on the RVMC. In the sonar receiver, the correlation technology was used to confirm the start and end time of sonar signals and their echoes, and then based on the developed range and velocity estimation method, the range and velocity of the underwater target were obtained. Then, the RVMC was embedded into the true sperm whale call-train to improve the camouflage ability of the sonar signal-train. Finally, experiment results were provided to verify the performance of the proposed method.

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Evaluating habitat, prey, and mesopredator associations in a community of marine birds

ICES Journal of Marine Science ◽

10.1093/icesjms/fsy020 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 75 (5) ◽

pp. 1602-1612 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

Holly F Goyert ◽

Beth Gardner ◽

Richard R Veit ◽

Andrew T Gilbert ◽

Emily Connelly ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Marine Mammals ◽

Habitat Characteristics ◽

Offshore Wind ◽

Line Transect ◽

Marine Animals ◽

Potential Conflict ◽

Sediment Grain Size ◽

Seabird Species ◽

Marine Birds ◽

Offshore Development

Abstract Offshore wind energy development on the US Atlantic Continental Shelf has brought attention to the need for marine spatial planning efforts to reduce potential conflict between wind turbines and marine animals, including seabirds. We evaluated the effects of marine mammals, fishes, and habitat characteristics on the distribution and relative abundance of marine birds off the coast of Delaware, Maryland, and Virginia. From May 2012 to 2014, we collected line transect data from 14 shipboard surveys, and novel high-resolution digital videography data from 14 aerial surveys. We compiled five habitat covariates: three static (distance to shore, sea floor slope, and sediment grain size), and two dynamic (sea surface temperature, salinity). We additionally analysed two seabird community covariates: the density of observed marine mammals and detected fish. Using zero-altered models, we tested our hypothesis that plunge-diving seabird species would show positive associations with marine mammals. Our results provide statistical evidence that, alongside competition, facilitative interactions occur among pelagic communities, where subsurface predators improve the detectability and accessibility of prey to surface-feeding seabirds. This study highlights the importance of quantifying community and ecological influences on avian abundance, particularly in predicting the potential exposure of marine birds and mammals to offshore development.

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