Artificial Neural Network for Pre-Simulation Training of Air Traffic Controller

In this chapter, the four layers neural network model for evaluating correctness and timeliness of decision making by the specialist of air traffic services during the pre-simulation training has been presented. The first layer (input) includes exercises that cadet/listener performs to solve a potential conflict situation; the second layer (hidden) depends physiological characteristics of cadet/listener; the third layer (hidden) takes into account the complexity of the exercise depending on the number of potential conflict situations; the fourth layer (output) is assessment of cadet/listener during performance of exercise. Neural network model also has additional inputs (bias) that including restrictions on calculating parameters. The program “Fusion” of visualization of the state of execution of an exercise by a cadet/listener has been developed. Three types of simulation training exercises for CTR (control zone), TMA (terminal control area), and CTA (control area) with different complexity have been analyzed.

Promoting Effective Managerial Communication on Banking Sector in Kathmandu Valley: Cross Sectional Analysis

Purpose: Efficient managerial level is crucial to any organization for well function and betterment of the organization. Likewise, managerial communication is essential to build good relationship among managers to their subordinates. Proper communication in banks further helps to assist employees, creating sense of mutual respect and favorable working environment. This study aims to identify strategy for promoting effective managerial communication in banking sector in Kathmandu valley. Research Design/ Methodology: A descriptive cross-sectional research design has been applied for this study where 405 managers (383 branch managers and 22 operating managers) of commercial Banks in Kathmandu Valley were taken as a sample using structured questionnaire survey using KOBO Toolbox. This study develops and uses Managerial communication index to identify the communication skills of managers in banking communication and decision making. Findings: Managerial Communication Index value shows that managers of banking sector in Kathmandu valley are highly aware of managerial communication in terms of identity factors, negotiation and adaptation, and decision making. Brining clarity while giving speech or talking (69.13%), regularly gathering feedback for improvement (16.54%) and changing behavior and perception when necessary (12.34%) are some of the management strategies identified for promoting effective managerial communication. Conclusion: Hence, the study concludes that bank managers must properly disseminate the information to its stakeholders which will help to convey message effectively leading clarity in the work and enhancing productivity. Recommendations: The paper recommends that there should be inclusive climate in the workplace. Further, policies supporting communication should be forwarded. Originality: This article is original and there is no potential conflict of interest with respect to research and publication of this article.

Risk Area Identification Model of Bus Bay Stops Based on Distribution of Conflicts

Effective identification of the risk area of the bus bay stop is a prerequisite for the enhancement of traffic safety. This study proposes a method of identifying the risk area based on the distribution of traffic conflicts. Firstly, the traffic flow data of the bus stop is collected by drones and video recognition software, and the traffic flow characteristics of the bus stop are analyzed by the mathematical and statistical methods. Secondly, using the gray clustering evaluation theory, on the basis of the rasterization of the functional area of the bus bay stop, a risk level model based on the index system of conflict rate, conflict severity, and potential conflict risk is proposed. Finally, take a bus stop in Guangzhou as an example to verify the solution. The results show that the constructed model can effectively identify the risk areas of bus bay stops. The risk areas of the bus bay stops are concentrated in the middle and lower reaches of the bus stop, which proves that the impact of bus exiting the stop on the surrounding traffic is greater than the process of bus entering the stop; the traffic risk areas of lanes near the bus stop are concentrated, and the severity of conflicts is low. The traffic risk zone of the lane far away from the bus stop is widely distributed, and the severity of conflict is higher. The research results can provide a basis for the micro safety performance evaluation and safety optimization of bus bay stops, which has strong theoretical and practical significance.

Cultural factors weaken but do not reverse left-to-right spatial biases in numerosity processing: Data from Arabic and English monoliterates and Arabic-English biliterates

Directional response biases due to a conceptual link between space and number, such as a left-to-right hand bias for increasing numerical magnitude, are known as the SNARC (Spatial-Numerical Association of Response Codes) effect. We investigated how the SNARC effect for numerosities would be influenced by reading-writing direction, task instructions, and ambient visual environment in four literate populations exemplifying opposite reading-writing cultures—namely, Arabic (right-to-left script) and English (left-to-right script). Monoliterates and biliterates in Jordan and the U.S. completed a speeded numerosity comparison task to assess the directionality and magnitude of a SNARC effect in their numerosity processing. Monoliterates’ results replicated previously documented effects of reading-writing direction and task instructions: the SNARC effect found in left-to-right readers was weakened in right-to-left readers, and the left-to-right group exhibited a task-dependency effect (SNARC effect in the smaller condition, reverse SNARC effect in the larger condition). Biliterates’ results did not show a clear effect of environment; instead, both biliterate groups resembled English monoliterates in showing a left-to-right, task-dependent SNARC effect, albeit weaker than English monoliterates’. The absence of significant biases in all Arabic-reading groups (biliterates and Arabic monoliterates) points to a potential conflict between distinct spatial-numerical mapping codes. This view is explained in terms of the proposed Multiple Competing Codes Theory (MCCT), which posits three distinct spatial-numerical mapping codes (innate, cardinal, ordinal) during numerical processing—each involved at varying levels depending on individual and task factors.

POTENTIAL CONFLICT OF LAND DEED IN THE PERSPECTIVE OF NOTARY POSITION

This study aims to find out the potential conflicts on Land Deeds made by Notaries and to find out Notary efforts in making Land Deeds to minimize potential land conflicts. The method used in this study is the normative legal research method. In addition, the statute approach, conceptual approach, and analytical approach are the approach used in this study. The results of this study showed that (1) potential conflicts on Land Deeds made by Notaries are due to Notaries in carrying out their positions tend to be in a dilemma which on the one hand must comply with legal provisions with a normative nature, and on the other hand, empirical facts are so complex and often cannot be handled and accommodated by regulations that tend to be rigid. This is because when carrying out its positions, the Notary must serve the client, while the client needs service without being too concerned with the regulations that bind the Notary. (2) Notary efforts in issuing Land Deeds to minimize the potential for Land Conflicts are required to examine the completeness of documents by applying the precautionary principle to protect the real owner and reduce conflicts in the land sector. The application of the precautionary principle of the Notary in producing the PPJB deed and the Lease Agreement deed to registered land rights to be registered at the Land Office must start from the stage before the deed, the stage at which the deed is made and the reading of the deed.

The ASEAN “Crack”: Myanmar Conflict as The Warning Sign of Peace Stability in South East Asia Region

ASEAN currently facing a real strive to deal with their own internal humanitarian and peace stability related to the case of Myanmar conflict. This condition has put other ASEAN members in quandary to conduct a prompt and precise solution to bring back peace in Myanmar. This article examines the potential crack in the “ASEAN way” principle which is related to the various conflicts inside the region. Moreover, it also endorsed two possible proposals which can be considered to strengthen the role of ASEAN to take action towards their member states. The latest conflict inside Myanmar between military and democratic groups showed the warning sign that something is not working well within the system of ASEAN as a regional organization. This article investigates the potential crack that ASEAN has in their basic principle which harms the future peace stability within the region. The writer argues that the conflict in Myanmar has become a symptom that ASEAN must revisit their basic principle and reorganize their strategy to deal with potential conflict that might occur in the future.

Relationship Between Free Cash Flows and Corporate Governance Levels in the Light of Agency Theory

This research analyzes the relationship between free cash flows (FCFs) and the different levels of Corporate Governance present in the Brazilian stock market. To this end, the sample was composed of 212 Brazilian publicly traded companies listed on Brasil, Bolsa, Balcão [B]³, in the period from 2010 to 2018. The methodology consisted of estimating a regression for panel data, using the random effects model, estimating by generalized least square (GLS) and assuming adjustments for autocorrelation and robust standard errors for heteroscedasticity. The results found, for the sample studied, suggest that Corporate Governance levels are positively related to the FCFs. In synergy, when compared to the Traditional level of [B]³, companies listed on the Novo Mercado and Level 2 levels tend to present higher FCF values. In addition, the larger the size of the companies and the higher their return on equity, the higher their FCFs tend to be, just as companies in stages of maturity tend to present lower FCF values. The relevance of this research is based on analyzing, in a stock market subject to imperfections, factors that may affect decisions about the level of cash maintenance of companies, more specifically by evaluating how Corporate Governance mechanisms relate to the theory of FCFs, in a context of potential conflict of interest.

Intertwining Concerns of Libraries and Writing Centers

Through 2020, Asbury Theological Seminary largely built an introductory course for those preparing for graduate-level study in seminary disciplines. Through that work and the collaborative efforts between our research librarian, Writing Center, and instructional designer, we have discovered shared concerns, knowledge, and new insights into how to help our students. Great synergy was found in terms of information literacy, citations, using information well, and a desire to see students/patrons succeed. Points of divergence were found in terms of organizational structures (siloes) and a potential conflict between a “do for” rather than “teach how” staff focus. Recommendations also are given at the close regarding having writing resources available for patrons in contexts where there is not a writing center.

A Case of Nonsyndromic Craniosynostosis in an Infant Child of Jehovah's Witness Parents: Is Surgical Correction Appropriate?

An infant with nonsyndromic craniosynostosis is brought to clinic by his Jehovah's Witness parents to discuss treatment. Five potential courses of action are discussed in the context of biomedical ethics principles. The potential conflict between parents’ autonomy to make decisions for their child and the surgeon's ethical duty of beneficence to the patient is explored.

Logic-Based Conflict Analysis and Resolution

<p>The aim of this thesis is to explore the extent to which formal logic can be applied to the topic of conflict analysis and conflict resolution. It is motivated by the idea that conflicts can be understood as inconsistent sets of goals, beliefs, norms, emotions, or the like. To achieve this aim, two formal frameworks are presented. Conflict Modelling Logic (CML) is a logical system, based on branching-time temporal logic, which can be used to describe and interpret conflicts. Conflict Resolution Logic (CRL) is a set of five algorithms, inspired by the AGM model of belief revision, which can be used to generate possible solutions to conflicts. Furthermore, two numerical measures for the 'potential conflict power' of propositional formulae and the 'degree of inconsisteny' of sets of propositional formulae are introduced. The two measures allow one to assess the role of particular elements within a conflict and the depth of a conflict. The formal framework is illustrated with the example conflict of the Second Congo War.</p>