Exploring Meta-analysis for Historical Corpus Linguistics Based on Linked Data

IntroductionMore than 30 million adults are released from incarceration globally each year. Many experience complex physical and mental health problems, and are at markedly increased risk of preventable mortality. Despite this, evidence regarding the global epidemiology of mortality following release from incarceration is insufficient to inform the development of targeted, evidence-based responses. Many previous studies have suffered from inadequate power and poor precision, and even large studies have limited capacity to disaggregate data by specific causes of death, sub-populations or time since release to answer questions of clinical and public health relevance. Objectives and ApproachWe aimed to comprehensively document the incidence, timing, causes and risk factors for mortality in adults released from incarceration. We created the Mortality After Release from Incarceration Consortium (MARIC), a multi-disciplinary collaboration representing 29 cohorts of adults who have experienced incarceration from 11 countries. Findings across cohorts will be analysed using a two-step, individual participant data meta-analysis methodology. ResultsUsing linked data from the 29 individual cohorts, the combined sample includes 1,337,993 individuals (89% male), with 75,795 deaths recorded over 9,191,393 person-years of follow-up. Preliminary analyses indicate a marked elevation in mortality risk following release from incarceration, with this risk beginning on the day of release. At the time of writing, more detailed analyses are underway regarding all-cause and cause-specific deaths – along with risk and protective factors – and findings will be presented at the IPDLN conference in October. Conclusion / ImplicationsThe MARIC consortium represents an important advancement in the field, bringing international attention to this problem. It will provide internationally relevant evidence to guide policymakers and clinicians in reducing preventable deaths in this marginalised population.

Download Full-text

Practice and progression in Second Language Research methods

AILA Review ◽

10.1075/aila.27.04mac ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 27 ◽

pp. 80-97 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Alison Mackey

Keyword(s):

Second Language ◽

Language Learning ◽

Corpus Linguistics ◽

Second Language Learning ◽

Meta Analysis ◽

Research Synthesis ◽

Deep Dive ◽

Psychology Education ◽

Language Research ◽

General Linguistics

Since its inception, the field of second language research has utilized methods from a number of areas, including general linguistics, psychology, education, sociology, anthropology and, recently, neuroscience and corpus linguistics. As the questions and objectives expand, researchers are increasingly pushing methodological boundaries to gain a clearer picture of second language learning. At one end for example, we see measures of cognition (e.g., brain imaging and eye tracking) and at the other end we see exploration of issues of culture and identity (e.g., ethnographies, deep dive case studies, introspective and narrative analyses). There is an emerging emphasis on research synthesis, meta-analysis, and replication. This article illustrates a few of the advancements in methods and research agendas in SLA. I will conclude by highlighting some of the ways that second language researchers can continue to incorporate, assimilate, and shape methodology, as well as pointing out some of the potential pitfalls, and overall, how these methodological innovations benefit the field.

Download Full-text

Towards a decade of synergising corpus linguistics and critical discourse analysis: a meta-analysis

Corpora ◽

10.3366/cor.2019.0169 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 14 (2) ◽

pp. 203-235

Author(s):

Mark Nartey ◽

Isaac N. Mwinlaaru

Keyword(s):

Discourse Analysis ◽

Critical Discourse Analysis ◽

Corpus Linguistics ◽

Public Discourse ◽

Citation Index ◽

Social Issues ◽

Meta Analysis ◽

Critical Discourse ◽

Systematic Analysis ◽

Arts And Humanities

The incorporation of corpus linguistics (CL) methods within critical discourse analysis (CDA) has increasingly gathered momentum over the last decade. This paper surveys studies using this triangulated framework, drawing on a database of 121 studies collected from three citation indexes: Social Sciences Citation Index, Arts and Humanities Citation Index, and Scopus. It presents a meta-analysis of these studies focussing on four variables, namely their chronological development, the domains of engagement, the issues that have been topicalised, and the area/regional coverage of the studies. In particular, the paper accounts for the factors that have contributed to the popularity of corpus-based CDA in the last decade as an approach to discourse analysis, provides insights into the evolution of this eclectic approach, and anticipates the future of the framework by offering suggestions. The paper concludes that corpus-based CDA presents both discourse analysts and corpus linguists with a robust methodology to tackle research questions bordering on discursive reflections of social issues and to identify new sites of public discourse for systematic analysis.

Download Full-text

Interpreting medical tables as linked data for generating meta-analysis reports

Proceedings of the 2014 IEEE 15th International Conference on Information Reuse and Integration (IEEE IRI 2014) ◽

10.1109/iri.2014.7051955 ◽

2014 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Varish Mulwad ◽

Tim Finin ◽

Anupam Joshi

Keyword(s):

Linked Data ◽

Meta Analysis

Download Full-text

ATLAS: an automated association test using probabilistically linked health records with application to genetic studies

Journal of the American Medical Informatics Association ◽

10.1093/jamia/ocab187 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Harrison G Zhang ◽

Boris P Hejblum ◽

Griffin M Weber ◽

Nathan P Palmer ◽

Susanne E Churchill ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Linked Data ◽

Type I Error ◽

Meta Analysis ◽

Genetic Risk Score ◽

Weighted Average ◽

Type I ◽

Linkage Error ◽

Combination Test ◽

Testing Algorithm ◽

Research Studies

Abstract Objective Large amounts of health data are becoming available for biomedical research. Synthesizing information across databases may capture more comprehensive pictures of patient health and enable novel research studies. When no gold standard mappings between patient records are available, researchers may probabilistically link records from separate databases and analyze the linked data. However, previous linked data inference methods are constrained to certain linkage settings and exhibit low power. Here, we present ATLAS, an automated, flexible, and robust association testing algorithm for probabilistically linked data. Materials and Methods Missing variables are imputed at various thresholds using a weighted average method that propagates uncertainty from probabilistic linkage. Next, estimated effect sizes are obtained using a generalized linear model. ATLAS then conducts the threshold combination test by optimally combining P values obtained from data imputed at varying thresholds using Fisher’s method and perturbation resampling. Results In simulations, ATLAS controls for type I error and exhibits high power compared to previous methods. In a real-world genetic association study, meta-analysis of ATLAS-enabled analyses on a linked cohort with analyses using an existing cohort yielded additional significant associations between rheumatoid arthritis genetic risk score and laboratory biomarkers. Discussion Weighted average imputation weathers false matches and increases contribution of true matches to mitigate linkage error-induced bias. The threshold combination test avoids arbitrarily choosing a threshold to rule a match, thus automating linked data-enabled analyses and preserving power. Conclusion ATLAS promises to enable novel and powerful research studies using linked data to capitalize on all available data sources.

Download Full-text

Linked data initiatives in libraries and information centres: a systematic review

The Electronic Library ◽

10.1108/el-04-2018-0075 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 36 (5) ◽

pp. 925-937 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Irfan Ali ◽

Nosheen Fatima Warraich

Keyword(s):

Systematic Review ◽

Best Practices ◽

Linked Data ◽

Design Methodology ◽

Meta Analysis ◽

Developed Countries ◽

Motivating Factors ◽

Content Type ◽

The Past ◽

Challenges And Opportunities

Purpose This study aims to explore linked data (LD) initiatives in libraries and information (LI) centres along with motivating factors to start these LD projects and challenges faced by librarians in implementing LD technology. Design/methodology/approach To achieve the objectives of the study, a systematic literature review was conducted. The preferred reporting items were used for systematic review and meta-analysis (PRISMA) guideline. Data were collected from different scholarly databases. Findings Findings show that many initiatives were taken in LI centres during the past decade. These LI centres had to face many challenges to implement LD technology. These challenges might include technological issues, scarce financial resources, lack of skilled human resources, low level of awareness among community/librarians, proprietary licence, non-availability of standards and best practices. However, technological challenges were more complex. Systematic review shows that most of the LD initiatives and activities in LI centres take place in developed countries. Overall, the results reveal that most of the libraries are in the infancy stage of LD application because of the ambivalent nature of technology. Originality/value This study may be beneficial to devise guidelines to transform the aforementioned different challenges into opportunities. It is also important to provide a holistic picture about the challenges and opportunities of LD through a systematic review of initiatives already taken by LI centres.

Download Full-text

Appendix 3. Meta-analysis Methods

Issues in Toxicology - Formaldehyde ◽

10.1039/9781788010269-00357 ◽

2018 ◽

pp. 357-368

Keyword(s):

Meta Analysis ◽

Analysis Methods

Download Full-text

The effects of low-ratio n-6/n-3 PUFA on biomarkers of inflammation: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Food & Function ◽

10.1039/d0fo01976c ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Yali Wei ◽

Yan Meng ◽

Na Li ◽

Qian Wang ◽

Liyong Chen

Keyword(s):

Systematic Review ◽

Fatty Acid ◽

Polyunsaturated Fatty Acid ◽

Meta Analysis ◽

Chain Polyunsaturated Fatty Acid ◽

Inflammation Markers ◽

Pufa Supplementation ◽

Long Chain

The purpose of the systematic review and meta-analysis was to determine if low-ratio n-6/n-3 long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) supplementation affects serum inflammation markers based on current studies.

Download Full-text