scholarly journals http://bc.upjp2.edu.pl/dlibra/docmetadata?id=5182

2019 ◽  
pp. 173-180
Author(s):  
Zofia Zarębianka
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Human Dignity ◽  
Self Determination ◽  
Special Place

The text is an attempt to show that in the axiology of Karol Wojtyła, the category of freedom occupies a special place, which appears as one of the inalienable features of humanity, resulting from the fact that man was created in the image and likeness of God. Freedom, as understood by Wojtyła, also seems to be closely related to human dignity, of which it is an expression and manifestation. Depriving a man of his freedom, depriv-ing him of the possibility of self-determination and free decision making is a blow to human dignity, challenging his subjectivity and is associated with humiliation, which is also always a violation of man’s limits and dignity. As it is known, dignity, in Wojtyła’s anthropology, plays the role of a key concept, constitutive of his understanding of human.

Integrating direct employee voice within the framework of worker representation: The role of an Italian trade union in organising disintermediation

2020 ◽  
pp. 0143831X2093741
Author(s):  
Ilaria Armaroli
Keyword(s):  
Trade Union ◽  
Human Dignity ◽  
Trade Unions ◽  
Self Determination ◽  
Employee Voice ◽  
Organisational Performance ◽  
Trade Off

Facing the spread of management-led direct employee voice, trade unions are stuck with a theoretical and practical dilemma: organising against the disintermediation threats or accepting the risk of marginalisation and partnering with management to at least secure mutual gains. This article casts light on organising disintermediation as a chance for trade unions to overcome the ‘ organising against vs surrendering to disintermediation’ trade-off, by taking the lead in the promotion, regulation and implementation of direct employee voice. The analysis of FIM-CISL Brescia shows that far from exclusively being a link to organisational performance and a challenge to union intermediation, direct employee voice may become a trade union goal, being the expression of employee self-determination and human dignity. Pursuing this goal translates into a multifaceted change for the trade union, regarding both its internal ( organising) and external ( partnership) dimension.

scholarly journals Understanding the Role of Values in Health Policy Decision-Making From the Perspective of Policy-Makers and Stakeholders: A Multiple-Case Embedded Study in Chile and Colombia

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marcela Vélez ◽  
Michael G. Wilson ◽  
Julia Abelson ◽  
John N. Lavis ◽  
Guillermo Paraje
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Health Systems ◽  
Latin American ◽  
Human Dignity ◽  
Comparative Approach ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
Key Informants ◽  
Multiple Case

Background: Chile and Colombia are examples of Latin American countries with health systems shaped by similar values. Recently, both countries have crafted policies to regulate the participation of private for-profit insurance companies in their health systems, but through very different mechanisms. This study asks: what values are important in the decision-making processes that crafted these policies? And how and why are they used? Methods: An embedded multiple-case study design was carried out for 2 specific decisions in each country: (1) in Chile, the development of the Universal Plan of Explicit Entitlements -AUGE/GES - and mandating universal coverage of treatments for high-cost diseases; and (2) in Colombia, the declaration of health as a fundamental right and a mechanism to explicitly exclude technologies that cannot be publicly funded. We interviewed key informants involved in one or more of the decisions and/or in the policy analysis and development process that contributed to the eventual decision. The data analysis involved a constant comparative approach and thematic analysis for each case study. Results: From the 40 individuals who were invited, 28 key informants participated. A tension between 2 important values was identified for each decision (eg, solidarity vs. individualism for the AUGE/GES plan in Chile; human dignity vs. sustainability for the declaration of the right to health in Colombia). Policy-makers used values in the decisionmaking process to frame problems in meaningful ways, to guide policy development, as a pragmatic instrument to make decisions, and as a way to legitimize decisions. In Chile, values such as individualism and free choice were incorporated in decision-making because attaining private health insurance was seen as an indicator of improved personal economic status. In Colombia, human dignity was incorporated as the core value because the Constitutional Court asserted its importance in its use of judicial activism as a check on the power of the executive and legislative branches. Conclusion: There is an opportunity to open further exploration of the role of values in different health decisions, political sectors besides health, and even other jurisdictions.

Community Conferencing and the Fiction of Indigenous Control

1997 ◽  
Vol 30 (3) ◽  
pp. 292-311 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chris Cunneen
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Young People ◽  
Justice System ◽  
Juvenile Justice System ◽  
Indigenous Communities ◽  
Self Determination ◽  
Law And Order ◽  
Aboriginal Rights ◽  
Indigenous Youth

The paper analyses the use of community conferencing for young people in various jurisdictions in Australia in the light of its impact in Indigenous communities. It argues that the manner in which these programs have been introduced has ignored Aboriginal rights to self-determination and has grossly simplified Indigenous mechanisms for resolving conflicts. In most jurisdictions, community conferencing has reinforced the role of state police and done little to ensure greater control over police discretionary decision-making. The changes have also been introduced in the context of more punitive law and order policies, including mandatory minimum imprisonment terms and repeat offender legislation for juveniles. The end result is likely to be greater bifurcation of the juvenile justice system along racialised boundaries, with Indigenous youth receiving more punitive outcomes.

Elaborating the role of reflection and individual differences in the study of folk-economic beliefs

2018 ◽  
Vol 41 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kevin Arceneaux
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Individual Differences ◽  
Cognitive Processes ◽  
Evolutionary History ◽  
Behavioral Responses ◽  
History Of ◽  
Economic Beliefs

AbstractIntuitions guide decision-making, and looking to the evolutionary history of humans illuminates why some behavioral responses are more intuitive than others. Yet a place remains for cognitive processes to second-guess intuitive responses – that is, to be reflective – and individual differences abound in automatic, intuitive processing as well.

The Role of Shared Decision-Making in Audiologic Rehabilitation

2014 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 15-23 ◽  
Author(s):  
Helen Pryce ◽  
Amanda Hall
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Shared Decision Making ◽  
Behavior Changes ◽  
Shared Decision ◽  
Patient Centered ◽  
Treatment Information ◽  
Centered Care ◽  
Potential Risks ◽  
Audiologic Rehabilitation

Shared decision-making (SDM), a component of patient-centered care, is the process in which the clinician and patient both participate in decision-making about treatment; information is shared between the parties and both agree with the decision. Shared decision-making is appropriate for health care conditions in which there is more than one evidence-based treatment or management option that have different benefits and risks. The patient's involvement ensures that the decisions regarding treatment are sensitive to the patient's values and preferences. Audiologic rehabilitation requires substantial behavior changes on the part of patients and includes benefits to their communication as well as compromises and potential risks. This article identifies the importance of shared decision-making in audiologic rehabilitation and the changes required to implement it effectively.

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