scholarly journals FEATURES OF ORGANOCHLORINE PESTICIDES RESIDUES ACCUMULATION IN MELLIFEROUS PLANTS, BEE POLLEN AND HONEY

2020 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
N. Kasianchuk ◽  
O. Berhilevych ◽  
I. Negay ◽  
L. Dimitrijevich ◽  
T. Marenkova

Honey is natural product, which is produced by honeybees and due to contain of minerals, vitamins, simple sugars, organic acids, antioxidants and enzymes, it is considered as product with good nutritional and therapeutic properties. All beneficial characteristics of honey are reduced if it is contaminated with extraneous chemicals include pesticides. The purpose of this research was to study pesticides residues accumulation in the flowers of different types of melliferous plants, bee pollen and honey obtained from Odessa Region during 2015–2017 years. A total of 121 samples of flowers of melliferous plants and trees, 78 samples of bee pollen and 104 samples of honey were investigated with gas-liquid chromatography method. We found that all investigated samples were positive to such organochlorine pesticides as α, β, γ–isomers of hexachlorocyclohexane and dichlorodiphenyltrichloromethylmethane and its derivatives in different concentration. Our studies determined that high level of organochlorine pesticides was in samples of sunflower flowers whith average concentrations of α, β, γ–isomers of hexachlorocyclohexane 7.51±0.04 μg/kg, and DDT 6.98±0.02 μg/kg. Flowers of buckwheat and others field herbs (including as wild herbs as fodder crops) had even less concentration of these pesticides. Besides, the obtained results show that in the flowers of fruit trees (cherry, apple, pear, cherry, peach, cherry plum) had less concentration of studied pesticides in compere to forest trees (white acacia, linden). The results of bee pollen and honey samples examination have shown the same situation. The highest concentration of α, β, γ–isomers of hexachlorocyclohexane and dichlorodiphenyltrichloromethylmethane was in sample from sunflower origine with average consentration 3.52±0.05 and 3.77±0.03 μg/kg in bee pollen, 2.74±0.01 and 2.53±0.03μg/kg in honey respectively. However, the detected concentrations of pesticide residues in all samples were lower than the maxim admissibile limits, according to national and EU standards. Despite this, we suggest that regularly monitoring of pesticide residues in melliferous plants and apiculture products at national level need to grantee of quality and safety of honey and protection of consumers` health.

Author(s):  
Beschasnyi S.P. ◽  
Lysenko E.M. ◽  
Hasiuk O.M. ◽  
Erlish О.О.

Carbon monoxide is a toxic gas that is colourless, odourless, and has the potential to cause momentaryhypoxia by bonding with heme-inspired proteins. Because of these properties, it causes the highest number of toxications. Due to its properties, this gas causes damage to the nervous and cardiovascular system. The development of anoxia is associated with the impact on the system of oxidative phosphorylation in mitochondria and the development of oxidative stress in the body. The body produces a small amount of carbon monoxide as a result of erythrocyte breakdown. Picomolar concentrations of carbon monoxide even have anti-inflammatory, antiapoptotic,cytoprotective and antiproliferative properties. Kidney is one of the first organs,that responds to the occurrence of hypoxia, are responsible for the removal of products of metabolism and toxicants, including ethanol. For the study, the blood and urine samples were taken from patients with acute intoxication. The amount of methemoglobin in the blood was determined by spectrophotometric method. The concentration of ethanol in blood and urine was measured by gas-liquid chromatography method. The correlation analysis showed that carbon monoxide affects the rate of excretion of ethanol from the body. Among individuals under 40 years of age, there was a correlation between the level of carbon monoxide and the amount of ethanol in the blood. Among older adults this correlation was not established. A direct correlation with the level of this gas in the blood and the level of ethanol in the urine among people under 40 years of age was found. Among older individuals, the opposite was observed –a high level of methemoglobin was responsible for the decreased level of ethanol. There were no correlations between methemoglobin level and age. Comparison of the studied indices did not show any sexual differences in ethanol excretion, but there were age specific features: ethanol excretion under the influence of carbon monoxide among people under 40 years old was more accelerated.Key words:hypoxia, CO intoxication, blood, methemoglobin, kidneys. Монооксид карбону являє собою токсичний газ, який не має кольору,без запаху та здатен спричиняти миттєву гіпоксію шляхом зв’язування з гем-вмісними білками. Через такі властивості він спричиняє найбільшу кількість отруєнь. Цей газ,завдяки своїм властивостям,спричиняє ураження нервової та серцево-судинної системи. Розвиток аноксії пов’язаний із впливом на систему окисного фосфорилювання у мітохондріях та розвиткомоксидативного стресу. В організмі продукується невелика кількість ендогенного монооксиду карбону внаслідок розпаду еритроцитів. Пікомолярні концентрації монооксиду карбону навіть володіють протизапальними, антиапоптичними, цитопротекторними та антипроліферативними властивостями. Нирки є одним із перших органів, який реагує на розвитокгіпоксії, вони відповідають за видалення продуктів метаболізму й токсикантів, зокрема етанолу.Зміни у функціонуванні нирок відображаються на загальному стані організму.Для дослідження отримували зразки крові та сечі від осіб із гострою інтоксикацією. У крові спектрофотометричним методом визначали вміст метгемоглобіну, який утворювався внаслідок вдихання монооксиду карбону та відповідного потрапляння до кровоносної системи. Методом газово-рідинної хроматографії вимірювали концентрацію етанолу у крові та сечі. Розрахунок кореляційних зв’язків показав, що монооксид карбону впливає на швидкість екскреції етанолу. У осіб до 40 років спостерігалася кореляція між показником рівня метгемоглобінута вмістом етанолу у крові. У осіб старшого віку цього зв’язку не встановлено. Виявлено прямий зв’язок із рівнем цього газу у крові та рівнем етанолу в сечі у осіб до 40 років. У осіб старшого віку спостерігалася зворотня реакція–високий рівень метгемоглобінуобумовлював зниження рівня етанолу. Кореляційні зв’язки між вмістом метгемоглобіну та віком не було виявлено. Порівняння досліджуваних показників не виявило статевих відмінностей у екскреції етанолу, проте виявлено вікові особливості: екскреція етанолу в умовах впливу монооксиду карбону в осіб до 40 років була більш пришвидшена.Таким чином, можна стверджувати, що монооксид карбону обумовлює зміни у функціональній активності нирок.Ключові слова:гіпоксія, інтоксикація СО, кров, метгемоглобін, нирки.


1994 ◽  
Vol 57 (5) ◽  
pp. 441-444 ◽  
Author(s):  
ANTONIO HERRERA ◽  
AGUSTIN A. ARIÑO ◽  
MARIA P. CONCHELLO ◽  
REGINA LAZARO ◽  
SUSANA BAYARRI ◽  
...  

The level of organochlorine pesticides in 229 samples of Spanish meat and meat products of different species (lamb, pork, beef and poultry) was investigated. Chlorinated residues were quantitated by gas-liquid chromatography with electron capture detector using packed and capillary columns. Hexachlorobenzene (HCB) and hexachlorocyclohexane (HCH) were detected in all samples. In general, lamb appeared to be more heavily contaminated by HCB and HCH, which reached maximums of 178 ppb (μg/kg on a fat basis) and 505 ppb, respectively. The level of HCB averaged 49 ppb in lamb; varied between 8–18 ppb in pork and beef products; and amounted to 26 ppb in fresh poultry sausages. Of the three isomers of HCH determined, the γ-HCH (lindane) was most frequently detected; 100% in lamb and pork (both meat, cured sausage and pork bologna), and 64 to 94% in fresh sausages of poultry and beef. The level of the HCH group averaged 112 ppb in lamb, 85 ppb in poultry, nearly half that much in pork and pork products, and around 20–40 ppb in beef products. Dieldrin was the only chlorocyclodiene detected: 8 to 15% in pork products, and 28% in fresh poultry sausage. The DDTs in lamb showed 83% of detection, especially in the pp' form of DDE and DDT. The overall contamination with DDT and its metabolites was found to be very moderate averaging 25 ppb, with a maximum of 91 ppb. No residues of aldrin, endrin, heptachlor, heptachlor epoxide, chlordane, methoxychlor, endosulfan or trans-nonachlor were detected.


2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 1-6
Author(s):  
Aleksandra Lyudinina ◽  
Evgeny Boyko

The aim of the study was to investigate the level of essential polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) in athletes into the training period and after endurance race (n=15 high-trained male cross-country skiers, real members of national skiing team). The PUFAs in plasma was determined by the gas-liquid chromatography method. Results demonstrate a deficiency of plasma level of the n-3 PUFA of the almost all skiers during the training period. Competition activity modified the essential PUFA profile in blood across more twice increase of the n-3 docosahexaenoic acids (DHA) (p=0.112) and n-3 alpha-linolenic (ALA) (p=0.048) levels and decrease n-6 PUFA relative to baselines, which expressed in a decrease in n6/n3 ratio (p=0.017). Relationships between n-3/n-6 ratio and base heart rate, diastolic pressure and Maximal oxygen uptake, show on the significant role essential PUFAs in regulation of the cardiovascular system in cross-country skiers.


2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (11) ◽  
pp. 1008-1019
Author(s):  
Kurbonkul Mavlankulovich Karimkulov ◽  
Ikromjon Esanboyevich Uzoha ◽  
Madraim Khasanovich-Sarikulov ◽  
Azada Abdurakhmanova

OENO One ◽  
1987 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 71
Author(s):  
F. Marsal ◽  
Ch. Sarre

<p style="text-align: justify;">Une méthode de dosage par chromatographie en phase gazeuse de substances cédées par le bois de chêne (furfural, méthyl-5 furfural, alcool furfurylique, <em>cis </em>et <em>trans </em>β-méthyl γ-octalactone) est mise au point. On suit l'évolution de ces substances dans les solutions synthétiques et dans les vins.</p><p style="text-align: justify;">+++</p><p style="text-align: justify;">A gas-liquid chromatography method for determination of volatile compounds of oak wood barrels (furfural, 5-methyl furfural, furfuryl alcohol, <em>cis</em> and <em>trans </em>β-methyl γ-octalactone) is described. We study the evolution of these substances in synthetic solutions and wines.</p>


Author(s):  
M. J. Stewart ◽  
R. G. Willis

A rapid gas liquid chromatography method has been developed which is suitable for emergency estimations of paracetamol in overdose. The method is compared with a standard ultraviolet method.


2007 ◽  
Vol 73 (7) ◽  
pp. 2333-2337 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. Barrett ◽  
R. P. Ross ◽  
G. F. Fitzgerald ◽  
C. Stanton

ABSTRACT In this paper we describe a rapid method for identifying bacteria which convert free linoleic acid to conjugated linoleic acid (CLA). This method is based on spectrophotometric detection of CLA and compares well with the standard gas-liquid chromatography method. This method should facilitate high-throughput screening of bacterial isolates for the ability to produce conjugated fatty acids.


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