Reproductive Strategies of Sea Basses based on Larval Abundance in Magdalena Bay, Mexico, 1982–1986

2009 ◽  
Vol 29 (1) ◽  
pp. 205-215
Author(s):  
Raymundo Avendaño-Ibarra ◽  
Martín E. Hernández-Rivas ◽  
Roxana de Silva-Dávila
Keyword(s):  
Reproductive Strategies ◽  
Larval Abundance ◽  
Magdalena Bay

Morphology of the first zoea of Chaceon affinis (A. Milne-Edwards & Bouvier, 1894) and occurrence of Chaceon spp. larvae (Decapoda: Brachyura: Gerynonidae) in the Canary Islands waters, Northeastern Atlantic

Zootaxa ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 4413 (3) ◽  
pp. 579
Author(s):  
JOSÉ M. LANDERIA ◽  
HIROAKI TAMURA
Keyword(s):  
Canary Islands ◽  
Reproductive Strategies ◽  
Fishery Management ◽  
Temporal Distribution ◽  
Larval Abundance ◽  
Ne Atlantic ◽  
Morphological Comparison ◽  
Gran Canaria ◽  
First Time ◽  
Northeastern Atlantic

The morphology of the first zoea stage of Chaceon affinis is described and illustrated in detail for the first time. Morphological comparison with the corresponding stage of other known species of Geryonidae allowed the differentiation between the genera Chaceon and Geryon, although it was impossible to distinguish among species of Chaceon using larval morphology. Thus, geryonid larvae collected in the plankton of Gran Canaria Island, NE Atlantic, during the years 2005 and 2006, could only be identified as Chaceon spp. The temporal distribution of larval abundance suggested that main hatching periods of Chaceon spp. occur in spring and summer. These results are useful to better understand the reproductive strategies of these deep-water crabs, which in turn will be useful for future fishery management of this resource of increasing interest in the Canary Islands. 

Spatial ecology and growth in early life stages of bay anchovy Anchoa mitchilli in Chesapeake Bay (USA)

2020 ◽  
Vol 651 ◽  
pp. 125-143
Author(s):  
TD Auth ◽  
T Arula ◽  
ED Houde ◽  
RJ Woodland
Keyword(s):  
Chesapeake Bay ◽  
Spatial Ecology ◽  
Environmental Variability ◽  
Larval Growth ◽  
Larval Abundance ◽  
Spatial And Temporal Variability ◽  
Estuarine Ecosystem ◽  
Anchoa Mitchilli ◽  
Larval Production ◽  
Bay Anchovy

The bay anchovy Anchoa mitchilli is the most abundant fish in Chesapeake Bay (USA) and is a vital link between plankton and piscivores within the trophic structure of this large estuarine ecosystem. Baywide distributions and abundances of bay anchovy eggs and larvae, and larval growth, were analyzed in a 5 yr program to evaluate temporal and spatial variability based on research surveys in the 1995-1999 spawning seasons. Effects of environmental variability and abundance of zooplankton that serve as prey for larval bay anchovy were analyzed. In the years of these surveys, 97.6% of eggs and 98.8% of larvae occurred in the polyhaline lower bay. Median egg and larval abundances differed more than 10-fold for surveys conducted in the 5 yr and were highest in the lower bay. Within years, median larval abundance (ind. m-2) in the lower bay was generally 1-2 orders of magnitude higher than upper-bay abundance. Salinity, temperature, and dissolved oxygen explained 12% of the spatial and temporal variability in egg abundances and accounted for 27% of the variability in larval abundances. The mean, baywide growth rate for larvae over the 5 yr period was 0.75 ± 0.01 mm d-1, and was best explained by zooplankton concentration and feeding incidence. Among years, mean growth rates ranged from 0.68 (in 1999) to 0.81 (in 1998) mm d-1 and were fastest in the upper bay. We identified environmental factors, especially salinity, that contributed to broadscale variability in egg and larval production.

Neonatal nutritional strategy of a viviparous elasmobranch with extremely low reproductive output

2020 ◽  
Vol 638 ◽  
pp. 107-121 ◽  
Author(s):  
BS Rangel ◽  
NE Hussey ◽  
Y Niella ◽  
LA Martinelli ◽  
AD Gomes ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Reproductive Strategies ◽  
Trophic Ecology ◽  
Essential Fatty Acids ◽  
Physiological State ◽  
Maternal Investment ◽  
Early Life History ◽  
Nutritional State ◽  
Disc Width ◽  
Biomarker Analysis

Throughout evolutionary history, elasmobranchs have developed diverse reproductive strategies. Little focused work, however, has addressed how neonatal nutritional state is affected by differing degrees of maternal investment associated with these markedly different reproductive strategies. To investigate the effect of maternal investment on the nutritional quality of pups during the early life history of an extremely viviparous elasmobranch, quantitative biomarker analysis including lipids, fatty acids and stable isotopes was conducted. Using the cownose ray Rhinoptera bonasus (histotrophic viviparous) as a model, we found that pups were initially born in a positive nutritional state, enriched in physiologically important essential fatty acids and nitrogen and carbon stable isotope values (δ15N and δ13C), a result of maternal intrauterine transfer. A systematic decrease in some fatty acids and δ15N values, as well as a decrease in cholesterol with growth, confirmed that these substrates were derived from maternal resources and used in initial metabolic processes following birth. An observed increase in condition factor, plasma essential fatty acids and triglyceride:cholesterol ratio with increasing body size identified a progression towards successful independent foraging with pups not displaying marked nutritional deficiency or fasting phases. Our multi-tracer approach allowed the identification of 2 size classes of young rays (<50 and <70 cm disc width) that displayed distinct physiological states. Since prenatal maternal investment is critical for offspring condition and to promote successful foraging post birth, understanding the trophic ecology and physiological state of pups during their first year is critical to guide management and conservation within nursery grounds.

Advances in the studies of reproductive strategies of alpine plants

2013 ◽  
Vol 20 (3) ◽  
pp. 286-299
Author(s):  
Peng Deli ◽  
Zhang Zhiqiang ◽  
Niu Yang ◽  
Yang Yang ◽  
Song Bo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Reproductive Strategies ◽  
Alpine Plants

Larval Transport in the Coastal Zone: Biological and Physical Processes

2018 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Simulation Models ◽  
Population Connectivity ◽  
Larval Transport ◽  
Larval Abundance ◽  
Transport Mechanisms ◽  
Larval Behavior ◽  
Physical Processes ◽  
Ecological Processes ◽  
Emergent Technologies ◽  
Advection Diffusion

Larval transport is fundamental to several ecological processes, yet it remains unresolved for the majority of systems. We define larval transport, and describe its components, namely, larval behavior and the physical transport mechanisms accounting for advection, diffusion, and their variability. We then discuss other relevant processes in larval transport, including swimming proficiency, larval duration, accumulation in propagating features, episodic larval transport, and patchiness and spatial variability in larval abundance. We address challenges and recent approaches associated with understanding larval transport, including autonomous sampling, imaging, -omics, and the exponential growth in the use of poorly tested numerical simulation models to examine larval transport and population connectivity. Thus, we discuss the promises and pitfalls of numerical modeling, concluding with recommendations on moving forward, including a need for more process-oriented understanding of the mechanisms of larval transport and the use of emergent technologies.

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