Effects of cigarette smoke condensate on the production and characterization of exopolysaccharides by Bifidobacterium

The aim of the study was to investigate the effect of cigarette smoke on the production and characterization of exopolysaccharides (EPSs) produced by Bifidobacterium. Cigarettes of Shanhua brand (nicotine: 1.1 mg, tar: 11 mg) were utilized to prepare a cigarette smoke condensate (CSC). The standard strain of Bifidobacterium animalis was cultured in MRS media under anaerobic addition of CSC. The results showed that CSC significantly decreased the growth of B. animalis as well as EPSs and acetic acid production. Furthermore, two EPSs fractions (Fr-I and Fr-II) were isolated and purified for chemical and molecular determination. By comparison with control, CSC was found to be of great impact on EPSs carbohydrate composition. The molecular weight mass of Fr-I changed from 3.33×105 g/mol (without CSC) to 2.99×105 (with CSC). In conclusion, in vitro studies revealed that CSC was directly able to affect the production of metabolites for B. animalis, which could be an essential factor in certain pathological disorders.

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Effects of cigarette smoke condensate on the production and characterization of exopolysaccharides by Streptococcus mutans / Sigara dumanı kondensatının Streptococcus mutans tarafından üretilen eksopolisakkaritlerin üretimi ve karakterizasyonu üzerine etkisi

Turkish Journal of Biochemistry ◽

10.1515/tjb-2016-0039 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 41 (4) ◽

Author(s):

Chun ping Xu ◽

Ying Zeng ◽

Hongqian Shentu ◽

Aijing Zhao ◽

Duobin Mao

Keyword(s):

Molecular Mass ◽

Molecular Characterization ◽

Streptococcus Mutans ◽

Cigarette Smoke ◽

Molecular Conformation ◽

Gel Filtration ◽

Size Exclusion ◽

Cigarette Smoke Condensate ◽

Acetic Acid Production

AbstractObjective: Streptococcus mutans is regarded as the major agent causing dental caries. It has been well documented that cigarette smoke affects the growth of S. mutans. This study investigate the effect of cigarette smoke condensate (CSC) on the production and characterization of exopolysaccharides (EPS) produced by S. mutans ATCC 35668.Methods: Cigarettes of Shanhua brand were used to prepare the CSC. S. mutans was cultured in MSB media with the addition of CSC under anaerobic condition. Furthermore, the EPS fraction was isolated and purified by gel filtration chro-matography on Sepharose CL-6B. The molecular characterization of EPS was analyzed by GC-MS, FT-IR and size exclusion chromatography/multiangle laser light scattering (SEC/MALLS) system.Results: The results showed that CSC at tested concentrations could significantly increase the growth of S. mutans and acetic acid production, compared with the control. The CSC was not found to affect carbohydrate composition of the EPS, but the molecular mass of EPS decreased from 3.04×104 g/mol (without CSC) to 2.75×104 (with CSC). The SEC/MALLS also revealed the molecular conformation of EPS changed from flexible coil to globular shape in aqueous solution.Conclusion: This study revealed that CSC was directly able to affect molecular mass and structural conformation of EPS from S. mutans. The molecular characterization of EPS would become an indicator in certain pathological disorders.

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Characterization of catechols, resorcinols, and hydroquinones in an acidic fraction of cigarette smoke condensate

Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry ◽

10.1021/jf60220a024 ◽

1978 ◽

Vol 26 (6) ◽

pp. 1277-1281 ◽

Cited By ~ 14

Author(s):

William S. Schlotzhauer ◽

Douglas B. Walters ◽

Maurice E. Snook ◽

Howard C. Higman

Keyword(s):

Cigarette Smoke ◽

Cigarette Smoke Condensate ◽

Acidic Fraction

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The effect of cigarette-smoke condensate on the in vitro fixation of benzo(a)pyrene on DNA

Cellular and Molecular Life Sciences ◽

10.1007/bf01924955 ◽

1972 ◽

Vol 28 (8) ◽

pp. 932-933 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

K. Alexandrov ◽

C. Frayssinet

Keyword(s):

Cigarette Smoke ◽

Cigarette Smoke Condensate

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Humic-like substances in cigarette smoke condensate and lung tissue of smokers

AJP Lung Cellular and Molecular Physiology ◽

10.1152/ajplung.1994.266.4.l382 ◽

1994 ◽

Vol 266 (4) ◽

pp. L382-L388 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

A. J. Ghio ◽

J. Stonehuerner ◽

D. R. Quigley

Keyword(s):

Free Radical ◽

Cigarette Smoke ◽

Lung Tissue ◽

Cigarette Smoke Exposure ◽

Cigarette Smoke Condensate ◽

Free Radical Generation ◽

Carboxylate Content ◽

Radical Generation

Deposition of pigmented matter in the lower respiratory tract correlates with the extent of emphysema in smokers as well as with free radical generation and iron accumulation. Pulmonary emphysema is postulated to be mediated by free radical generation which is either directly or indirectly associated with cigarette smoke exposure. The hypothesis was tested that 1) incomplete combustion of tobacco yields humic-like substances (HLS) which 2) deposit in the lung as pigmented particulates, 3) complex iron cations in vitro and in vivo, and 4) have a capacity to catalyze oxidant formation. HLS, isolated by alkali extraction of cigarette smoke condensate (CSC) (Tobacco Health Research Institute, University of Kentucky), demonstrated a high carbon and low carboxylate content on elemental and functional group analyses, respectively, compared with values for HLS sequestered from soils. The HLS isolated from CSC had a capacity to complex iron in vitro and accumulated the metal in vivo after intratracheal instillation in an animal model. Both HLS and its iron complex generated free radicals, and some portion of this oxidant generation was metal dependent. Lung tissue collected at autopsy from smokers contained HLS with an infrared spectrum almost identical to that of the material isolated from CSC. Associations between particulate deposition, metal accumulation, and free radical generation suggest a possible role of HLS in the induction of lung disease following cigarette exposure.

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