Characterization of catechols, resorcinols, and hydroquinones in an acidic fraction of cigarette smoke condensate

1978 ◽  
Vol 26 (6) ◽  
pp. 1277-1281 ◽  
Author(s):  
William S. Schlotzhauer ◽  
Douglas B. Walters ◽  
Maurice E. Snook ◽  
Howard C. Higman
Keyword(s):  
Cigarette Smoke ◽  
Cigarette Smoke Condensate ◽  
Acidic Fraction

scholarly journals Effects of cigarette smoke condensate on the production and characterization of exopolysaccharides by Bifidobacterium

2015 ◽  
Vol 87 (2) ◽  
pp. 997-1005 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jinqiang Hu ◽  
Tao Wei ◽  
Siwen Sun ◽  
Aijing Zhao ◽  
Chunping Xu
Keyword(s):  
Cigarette Smoke ◽  
Carbohydrate Composition ◽  
Cigarette Smoke Condensate ◽  
Essential Factor ◽  
Standard Strain ◽  
Acetic Acid Production ◽  
Bifidobacterium Animalis ◽  
Molecular Determination

The aim of the study was to investigate the effect of cigarette smoke on the production and characterization of exopolysaccharides (EPSs) produced by Bifidobacterium. Cigarettes of Shanhua brand (nicotine: 1.1 mg, tar: 11 mg) were utilized to prepare a cigarette smoke condensate (CSC). The standard strain of Bifidobacterium animalis was cultured in MRS media under anaerobic addition of CSC. The results showed that CSC significantly decreased the growth of B. animalis as well as EPSs and acetic acid production. Furthermore, two EPSs fractions (Fr-I and Fr-II) were isolated and purified for chemical and molecular determination. By comparison with control, CSC was found to be of great impact on EPSs carbohydrate composition. The molecular weight mass of Fr-I changed from 3.33×105 g/mol (without CSC) to 2.99×105 (with CSC). In conclusion, in vitro studies revealed that CSC was directly able to affect the production of metabolites for B. animalis, which could be an essential factor in certain pathological disorders.

Effects of cigarette smoke condensate on the production and characterization of exopolysaccharides by Streptococcus mutans / Sigara dumanı kondensatının Streptococcus mutans tarafından üretilen eksopolisakkaritlerin üretimi ve karakterizasyonu üzerine etkisi

2016 ◽  
Vol 41 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Chun ping Xu ◽  
Ying Zeng ◽  
Hongqian Shentu ◽  
Aijing Zhao ◽  
Duobin Mao
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Mass ◽  
Molecular Characterization ◽  
Streptococcus Mutans ◽  
Cigarette Smoke ◽  
Molecular Conformation ◽  
Gel Filtration ◽  
Size Exclusion ◽  
Cigarette Smoke Condensate ◽  
Acetic Acid Production

AbstractObjective: Streptococcus mutans is regarded as the major agent causing dental caries. It has been well documented that cigarette smoke affects the growth of S. mutans. This study investigate the effect of cigarette smoke condensate (CSC) on the production and characterization of exopolysaccharides (EPS) produced by S. mutans ATCC 35668.Methods: Cigarettes of Shanhua brand were used to prepare the CSC. S. mutans was cultured in MSB media with the addition of CSC under anaerobic condition. Furthermore, the EPS fraction was isolated and purified by gel filtration chro-matography on Sepharose CL-6B. The molecular characterization of EPS was analyzed by GC-MS, FT-IR and size exclusion chromatography/multiangle laser light scattering (SEC/MALLS) system.Results: The results showed that CSC at tested concentrations could significantly increase the growth of S. mutans and acetic acid production, compared with the control. The CSC was not found to affect carbohydrate composition of the EPS, but the molecular mass of EPS decreased from 3.04×104 g/mol (without CSC) to 2.75×104 (with CSC). The SEC/MALLS also revealed the molecular conformation of EPS changed from flexible coil to globular shape in aqueous solution.Conclusion: This study revealed that CSC was directly able to affect molecular mass and structural conformation of EPS from S. mutans. The molecular characterization of EPS would become an indicator in certain pathological disorders.

Multi-alkylated Polynuclear Aromatic Hydrocarbons of Tobacco Smoke: Separation and Identification

1978 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
M. E. Snook ◽  
R. F. Severson ◽  
R. F. Arrendale ◽  
H. C. Higman ◽  
O. T. Chortyk
Keyword(s):  
Liquid Chromatography ◽  
Cigarette Smoke ◽  
Aromatic Hydrocarbons ◽  
Ultra Violet ◽  
Polynuclear Aromatic Hydrocarbons ◽  
Gel Chromatography ◽  
Cigarette Smoke Condensate ◽  
Gas And Liquid Chromatography ◽  
Silicic Acid Chromatography ◽  
Derivatives Of

AbstractThe methyl, multi-methyl, and ethyl derivatives of the polynuclear aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH) of cigarette smoke condensate (CSC) were isolated from the neutrals by silicic acid chromatography, solvent partitioning and gel chromatography. The procedure yielded a relatively pure PAH isolate amenable to further identifications. The multi-alkylated PAH were concentrated in the early gel fractions with parent and higher ring PAH found in subsequent gel fractions. It was shown that CSC is very rich in alkylated PAH, and their successful identification required extensive use of gas and liquid chromatography and ultra-violet and GC - mass spectrometric techniques. High-pressure liquid chromatography (HPLC) separated individual isomers of the alkylated PAH in complex GC peaks. PAH from indene to pentamethylchrysene were found. This report concludes our identification studies on the PAH of CSC and complements our two previous reports in this journal. Collectively, our studies have identified approximately 1000 PAH of cigarette smoke condensate and have led to the development of methods for the routine quantitation of PAH in smalI quantities of cigarette smoke condensate.

scholarly journals Androgen-sensitive spermine-binding protein of rat ventral prostate. Purification of the protein and characterization of the hormonal effect

1979 ◽  
Vol 184 (2) ◽  
pp. 431-440 ◽  
Author(s):  
G Mezzetti ◽  
R Loor ◽  
S Liao
Keyword(s):  
Binding Protein ◽  
Sodium Dodecyl ◽  
Deae Cellulose ◽  
Binding Activity ◽  
Ventral Prostate ◽  
Hormonal Effect ◽  
Rat Ventral Prostate ◽  
Acidic Fraction ◽  
Androgen Effect

The rat ventral prostate contains a cytosol protein that can non-covalently bind spermine much more tightly than spermidine or other natural diamines. The protein has been purified to homogeneity, as judged by electrophoresis in urea- and sodium dodecyl sulphate-containing polyacrylamide gels. The protein, with or without spermine bound to it, sediments at 3 S in a sucrose gradient with or without 0.4 M-KCl. The molecular weight of the protein is about 30 000. Each molecule of the binding protein can bind one molecule of spermine. In the prostate of rats injected with cycloheximide, the protein appears to have a half-life of about 3.5 h. The spermine-binding activity of an acidic fraction obtained by DEAE-cellulose chromatography of the prostate cytosol proteins is reduced by about 40–60% within 20–40 h after castration. This effect is reversed very rapidly within 15–30 min by intraperitoneal injection of 5 alpha-dihydrotestosterone. The hormonal effect is androgen-specific and is not mimicked by dexamethasone or oestradiol-17 beta. The androgen effect was reduced significantly when rats were injected with cycloheximide or actinomycin D, suggesting that the acidic protein may be one of the earliest proteins induced by androgen in the rat ventral prostate.

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