scholarly journals Lizard assemblage from a sand dune habitat from southeastern Brazil: a niche overlap analysis

2016 ◽  
Vol 88 (suppl 1) ◽  
pp. 677-687 ◽  
Author(s):  
GISELE R. WINCK ◽  
FABIO HATANO ◽  
DAVOR VRCIBRADIC ◽  
MONIQUE VAN SLUYS ◽  
CARLOS F.D. ROCHA
Keyword(s):  
Coastal Area ◽  
Sand Dune ◽  
Ecological Factors ◽  
Niche Overlap ◽  
Trophic Niche ◽  
Null Models ◽  
The Other ◽  
Southeastern Brazil ◽  
Microhabitat Use ◽  
Overlap Analysis

ABSTRACT Communities are structured by interactions of historical and ecological factors, which influence the use of different resources in time and space. We acquired data on time of activity, microhabitat use and diet of a lizard assemblage from a sand dune habitat in a coastal area, southeastern Brazil (Restinga de Jurubatiba). We analyzed the data of niche overlap among species in these three axes (temporal, spatial and trophic) using null models. We found a significant overlap within the trophic niche, whereas the overlap for the other axes did not differ from the expected. Based on this result, we discuss the factors acting on the structure of the local lizard community.

Spatiotemporal patterns in trophic niche overlap among five salmonines in Lake Michigan, USA

2020 ◽  
Vol 77 (6) ◽  
pp. 1059-1075 ◽  
Author(s):  
Matthew S. Kornis ◽  
David B. Bunnell ◽  
Heidi K. Swanson ◽  
Charles R. Bronte
Keyword(s):  
Brown Trout ◽  
Chinook Salmon ◽  
Lake Michigan ◽  
Lake Trout ◽  
Coho Salmon ◽  
Niche Overlap ◽  
Trophic Niche ◽  
Ecosystem Change ◽  
Forage Base ◽  
Overlap Analysis

Native lake trout (Salvelinus namaycush) and introduced Chinook salmon (Oncorhynchus tshawytscha), coho salmon (Oncorhynchus kisutch), steelhead (Oncorhynchus mykiss), and brown trout (Salmo trutta) are major predators in Lake Michigan’s complex ecosystem and collectively support a valuable recreational fishery, but declines in their primary prey, alewife (Alosa pseudoharengus), have raised ecological and management concerns about competition and prey allocation. We applied niche overlap analysis to evaluate competition among salmonine predators during rapid forage base change in Lake Michigan. δ13C and δ15N stable isotope ratios indicated that lake trout had a unique trophic niche from inclusion of offshore and benthic prey, with <29% lake-wide niche overlap with Chinook salmon, coho salmon, and steelhead. Brown trout had moderate overlap with other species (45%–91%), while Chinook salmon, coho salmon, and steelhead had high overlap (71%–98%). Regional differences in isotopic signatures highlighted the potential importance of subsystem differences in fish diets in large aquatic systems. The uniqueness of the lake trout niche, and broadness of brown trout and steelhead niches, suggest these species may be resilient to forage base changes. This study further demonstrates how niche overlap analysis can be applied to tease apart competitive interactions and their response to ecosystem change.

Patterns of microhabitat use in a sympatric lizard assemblage

2002 ◽  
Vol 80 (12) ◽  
pp. 2226-2234 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sarah E James ◽  
Robert T M'Closkey
Keyword(s):  
Function Analysis ◽  
Niche Overlap ◽  
The Other ◽  
Microhabitat Use ◽  
Similar Species ◽  
Lizard Species ◽  
National Monument ◽  
Niche Differences ◽  
Juniper Woodland ◽  
Pinyon Pine

The distribution of animals among habitats and microhabitats has frequently been used to examine patterns of niche overlap. We characterized microhabitat differences within an assemblage of four phrynosomatine lizard species (Sceloporus graciosus, Sceloporus undulatus, Urosaurus ornatus, and Uta stansburiana) that are commonly syntopic in the pinyon pine – juniper woodland habitat on the elevated mesas of western Colorado. We censused lizard populations and recorded microhabitat characteristics of areas surrounding capture sites within Colorado National Monument, U.S.A. Discriminant function analysis of microhabitat features extracted two significant roots, explaining 89% of the microhabitat variation observed among species. Planned comparisons of canonical scores revealed two significant microhabitat niche differences. First, the microhabitat niche of U. ornatus was distinguished from those of all the other species by higher perch height and more vertical substrate, indicating this species' arboreality. Second, the microhabitat niche of S. graciosus was distinguished from those of the other species by having more flatland and less rock, indicating the use of more open flat sandy areas within the pinyon pine – juniper woodland by this terrestrial species. Although the observed differences in microhabitat may influence the coexistence of these ecologically similar species, changes in relative abundance of the species over time suggest alternative mechanisms of coexistence.

scholarly journals Autecology of the lizard Colobosauroides cearensis (Squamata: Gymnophthalmidae) from Brazilian semiarid Caatinga

2019 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
pp. 209-223
Author(s):  
Aldenir Ferreira da Silva Neta ◽  
Cicera Silvilene Leite Matias ◽  
Robson Waldemar Ávila
Keyword(s):  
Domain Knowledge ◽  
Niche Overlap ◽  
Trophic Niche ◽  
Microhabitat Use ◽  
Prey Category ◽  
Important Prey ◽  
Brazilian Semiarid ◽  
History Of ◽  
Gravid Females ◽  
Average Body

Autecology of the lizard Colobosauroides cearensis (Squamata: Gymnophthalmidae) from Brazilian semiarid Caatinga. Colobosauroides cearensis is a diurnal lizard with a relictual distribution associated with forested habitats in the Brazilian Caatinga Domain. Knowledge of the natural history of this secretive lizard is scarce. Herein, the diet, reproduction, sexual dimorphism, microhabitat use, and thermal ecology of C. cearensis are described based on feldwork in 2015–2017 in the state of Ceará, Brazil. The diet of the lizards is composed exclusively of arthropods, with Formicidae being the most important prey category. Numerical and volumetric niche breadths are 5.52 and 9.2 respectively, and trophic niche overlap between females and males is 0.3. Males are distinguished from females by the larger size of the males and the presence of femoral pores. Colobosauroides cearensis is cryptozoic, inhabiting the leaf litter and having no direct contact with the soil or solar radiation. The average body temperature of the lizards is 30.4 ± 3.3°C, which is positively correlated with the air temperature. Gravid females with fxed clutch size of two eggs are found in early rainy season. Oviposition occurs between April and May (when the highest number of juveniles are observed). Sexual maturity occurs early in males and testicular volume is signifcantly correlated with body size.

scholarly journals Microhabitat use, daily activity pattern and diet of Liolaemus etheridgei Laurent, 1998 (Reptilia: Liolaemidae) in the Andean Polylepis forests of Arequipa, Peru

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Irbin Llanqui ◽  
Bryn Edwards ◽  
Evaristo Lopez
Keyword(s):  
Activity Pattern ◽  
Daily Activity ◽  
Negative Selection ◽  
Activity Patterns ◽  
Niche Overlap ◽  
Trophic Niche ◽  
Microhabitat Use ◽  
Prey Category ◽  
Daily Activity Pattern ◽  
Selection For

This study compared the microhabitat use, daily activity pattern and diet of Liolaemus etheridgei Laurent 1998 in two Polylepis woodlands: El Simbral (fragmented) and Tuctumpaya (unfragmented), in Arequipa, Southern Peru. In both populations, we did not detect positive selection for any microhabitat; however, the population at El Simbral showed a negative selection for Polylepys trees while the Tuctumpaya population showed negative selection for Polylepis trees and non-thorny bushes. In El Simbral, active individuals were detected between 9:00 and 15:59h, whereas in Tuctumpaya, we detected active individuals from 8:00 to 17:59h. In both populations, observations of active individuals dropped between 11:00 and 11:59h. We recorded 17 and 23 prey categories in the El Simbral and Tuctumpaya populations respectively. The most important animal prey category in each population was found to be Lygaeidae: Hemiptera, and was the only animal prey category that was selected for in El Simbral and Tuctumpaya. In addition, due to the proportions of plant material found, the El Simbral was found to be omnivorous, whereas the Tuctumpaya population was herbivorous. Trophic niche breadth was broader in Tuctumpaya (B_a= 0.202) than the El Simbral (B_a= 0.147) population, despite there being no significant differences in diet (Permanova: F = 1.036, P = 0.409, permutations = 9999), which is coherent with the high value of trophic niche overlap (O_(j,k) = 0.963). Our compiled data reveal that L. etheridgei shows no selection for any of the resources we define in Polylepis woodlands, on the contrary, it selects negatively against Polylepis trees and non-thorny bushes. The daily activity patterns indicate a bimodal pattern with peaks at 9:00-10:59 and 13:00-13:59 h. The diet of L. etheridgei consists mainly of plants (%W: 66.373), and the most important animal prey category is Lygaeidae: Hemiptera (%IRI = 55.3), which is selected positively.

scholarly journals The food web in a subterranean ecosystem is driven by intraguild predation

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrea Parimuchová ◽  
Lenka Petráková Dušátková ◽  
Ľubomír Kováč ◽  
Táňa Macháčková ◽  
Ondřej Slabý ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Food Web ◽  
Trophic Interactions ◽  
Intraguild Predation ◽  
Linear Models ◽  
Niche Overlap ◽  
Trophic Niche ◽  
High Availability ◽  
Large Prey ◽  
Arthropod Predators ◽  
Body Sizes

AbstractTrophic interactions of cave arthropods have been understudied. We used molecular methods (NGS) to decipher the food web in the subterranean ecosystem of the Ardovská Cave (Western Carpathians, Slovakia). We collected five arthropod predators of the species Parasitus loricatus (gamasid mites), Eukoenenia spelaea (palpigrades), Quedius mesomelinus (beetles), and Porrhomma profundum and Centromerus cavernarum (both spiders) and prey belonging to several orders. Various arthropod orders were exploited as prey, and trophic interactions differed among the predators. Linear models were used to compare absolute and relative prey body sizes among the predators. Quedius exploited relatively small prey, while Eukoenenia and Parasitus fed on relatively large prey. Exploitation of eggs or cadavers is discussed. In contrast to previous studies, Eukoenenia was found to be carnivorous. A high proportion of intraguild predation was found in all predators. Intraspecific consumption (most likely cannibalism) was detected only in mites and beetles. Using Pianka’s index, the highest trophic niche overlaps were found between Porrhomma and Parasitus and between Centromerus and Eukoenenia, while the lowest niche overlap was found between Parasitus and Quedius. Contrary to what we expected, the high availability of Diptera and Isopoda as a potential prey in the studied system was not corroborated. Our work demonstrates that intraguild diet plays an important role in predators occupying subterranean ecosystems.

Trophic niche overlap between native freshwater mussels (Order: Unionida) and the invasive Corbicula fluminea

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vanessa Modesto ◽  
Ester Dias ◽  
Martina Ilarri ◽  
Manuel Lopes‐Lima ◽  
Amílcar Teixeira ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Freshwater Mussels ◽  
Corbicula Fluminea ◽  
Niche Overlap ◽  
Trophic Niche

Reproductive traits ofEuterpina acutifronsin a coastal area of Southeastern Brazil

2013 ◽  
Vol 34 (3) ◽  
pp. 363-372 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mauro de Melo Júnior ◽  
Leonardo K. Miyashita ◽  
Naira J. Silva ◽  
Salvador A. Gaeta ◽  
Rubens M. Lopes
Keyword(s):  
Coastal Area ◽  
Reproductive Traits ◽  
Southeastern Brazil

GAMBUS PASER PERFORMANCE AS A CULTURAL LITERACY ENHANCEMENT OF PASER CULTURE FOR INDONESICAN CAPITAL RELOCATION TO EAST BORNEO

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (4) ◽  
pp. 341-346
Author(s):  
Asril Gunawan
Keyword(s):  
Qualitative Research ◽  
Analytical Method ◽  
Coastal Area ◽  
The Other ◽  
Cultural Literacy ◽  
Music Literacy ◽  
Traditional Art ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
Performing Art

Gambus Paser music is one among traditional perfoming arts belongs to Paser tribe. Contextually, gambus Paser performing art cannot be detacted from its socio-culural since it geographically affects the characteristic of that cultural music. Generally, the culture of Gambus Paser music has its various values according to its various geographical dispositions. Geographically varied characteristic of Gambus Paser music is reflected on the interpretation of the music especially on the style of pentengan (picking technique) and the lyric of Gambus song. Gambus Paser music is also characteristically identified by the use of that pentengan style. On the other hand, coastal area also affects Gambus Paser characateristic which tends to be expressive and dynamic. Conceptually speaking, this research is qualitative research with descriptive analytical method. This research focuses on Gambus Paser performing art as the cultural (music) literacy enhancement. The purpose is to analyze the form of Gambus Paser performance as Paser cultural literacy. The result shows that literature related to Paser art is still hardly found, while on the other hand, we have also found how potential this performance as sustainable literacy and identity enhancement for Paser community to welcome the Indonesian capital relocation to East Borneo. A concrete step which is taken is to documenting and disseminating the Gambus Paser performance to create a cultural literacy and a sustainable traditional art.

Ecological Influences on the Formation of the Hiring Network in the Communication Job Market, 2015 to 2019

2021 ◽  
pp. 009365022110346
Author(s):  
Yu Xu
Keyword(s):  
Ecological Model ◽  
Ecological Factors ◽  
Niche Overlap ◽  
Formation Mechanisms ◽  
Hiring Decisions ◽  
Interorganizational Network ◽  
Exponential Random Graph Models ◽  
Network Ties ◽  
Past Behavior ◽  
Exponential Random Graph

This study investigates ecological factors that drive hiring decisions in the academic marketplace. Faculty hires between institutions are conceptualized as interorganizational network ties. Drawing on theoretical insights from network inertia and niche processes in organizational ecology, the current study builds an ecological framework to explain the formation mechanisms of the faculty hiring network among 81 U.S. institutions granting PhDs in communication. Consistent with the predictions of the ecological model of hiring decisions, the empirical results of exponential random graph models (ERGMs) revealed that past behavior (or the presence of previous ties), niche width (or the number of research specializations), and niche overlap (or the degree of shared research specializations) significantly constrained the likelihood of tie creation during the 2015 to 2019 period. These effects held true even when traditional explanations such as network self-organization and status-based hiring patterns were taken into account. Theoretical and practical implications are discussed.

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