scholarly journals Relationship Between Edaphic Factors and Vegetation in Savannas of the Brazilian Midwest Region

2015 ◽  
Vol 39 (3) ◽  
pp. 821-829 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michellia Pereira Soares ◽  
Paula Reys ◽  
Daniel Salgado Pifano ◽  
Janaílson Leônidas de Sá ◽  
Patrícia Oliveira da Silva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Soil Properties ◽  
Species Abundance ◽  
Basal Area ◽  
Floristic Composition ◽  
Chemical Analyses ◽  
Breast Height ◽  
Composition And Structure ◽  
Midwest Region ◽  
Abundance And Distribution ◽  
Physical And Chemical

The Brazilian savanna is a mosaic of phytophysiognomies influenced by edaphic and topographic factors that range from the occurrence of fires to anthropic disturbance. The goal of this study was a comparative analysis between two cerrado areas in southeastern Goiás, relating the floristic composition and structure of the vegetation to soil properties to better understand the physiognomic characteristics of the region. Twenty-five 20 × 20 m plots were used. All plants with circumference at breast height of more than 15 cm were measured. Soil samples collected at a depth of 0-20 cm were subjected to physical and chemical analyses. Canonical correspondence analysis (CCA) was used to detect possible correlations between the soil properties and species abundance and distribution. The density and total basal area were 1,647 ind/ha and 15.57 m2/ha, respectively, in Ouroana. At this site, 107 species were sampled. In Montes Claros de Goiás, the density and total basal area were 781 ind/ha and 17.62 m2/ha, and 120 species were sampled. The soil texture of Ouroana was sandy and significantly different from the medium to clayey texture of Montes Claros. The soils of both areas are dystrophic, however, more fertile in Montes Claros and aluminum-toxic in Ouroana. The species of vegetation were distributed according to soil fertility levels. The CCAs grouped species according to soil properties that defined location and abundance as well as the phytophysiognomies of the studied areas.

scholarly journals Floristic Composition and Structure in Relation to Elevation in the Togo Plateau Forest Reserve in Ghana

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
Gilchrist K. Faith Dogor ◽  
Emmanuel Acquah ◽  
Alexander K. Anning
Keyword(s):  
Elevation Gradient ◽  
Basal Area ◽  
Floristic Composition ◽  
Species Identity ◽  
R Software ◽  
Elevation Gradients ◽  
Forest Reserve ◽  
Composition And Structure ◽  
Special Scientific ◽  
Geographical Locations

Plateau ecosystems are of special scientific and conservation interests as they harbour rich plant diversity and exhibit considerable spatial variability along elevation gradients. In this study, variations in floristic composition and structure in relation to elevation were studied in six-fringed communities Hohoe (HH), Alavanyo (AL), Santrokofi (SA), Akpafu (AK), Bowuri (BO), and Nkonya (NK) of the Togo Plateau Forest Reserve in Ghana to better provide explicit and effective management of this ecological hotspot. A total of 180 plots (each measuring 25m × 25m) were demarcated across the six communities for sampling of trees (DBH measured at 1.3 m above ground ≥10 cm). Smaller nested plots, measuring 5m × 5m and 1m × 1m were used for sampling saplings (DBH < 10 cm, height > 1.5 m) and seedlings (DBH < 3 cm, height < 1.5 m), respectively. Species identity and abundance and elevation were recorded for each plot. Relationships of elevation gradients with vegetation attributes were analysed using simple linear regression and R software package. A total of 281 plant species (164 trees, 60 saplings and 57 seedlings) belonging to 66 families were recorded in the study. Leguminosae, Apocynaceae and Euphorbiaceae were the most dominant families across and along the elevation gradient. The average basal area of trees was calculated as 44.72 m2/ha and varied across the six communities (ranged from 57.10 m2/ha at BO to 33.10 m2/ha at AL) whereas the Shannon-Weiner Index (H’) averaged as 3.99 and varied across the six communities (ranged from4.14 m2/ha at BO to 3.89m2/ha at AL) and evenness index averaged as 0.96 (ranged from1.00at BO to 0.92 at AL). The saplings and seedlings also follow a similar pattern of composition and structure. The geographical locations of the study communities which somehow correspond with different elevations to the plateau (i.e., BO, NK occur in lower elevations, SA, AL in mid elevations and HH, AL in higher elevations) has been identified as the drivers of the composition and structure across the communities on the landscape. The most important trees listed in the study were C. pentandra, A. zygia, and T. superba. The saplings were A. camerunensis, M. puberula and C. ferruginea. The seedlings were C. odorata, P. hirsuta and C. affer. The most important tree species listed were distributed along a broad range of elevation. Results obtained revealed high biodiversity of the plateau. These findings may lead to a better understanding of the composition and structure of several plateau ecosystems found in Ghana and elsewhere.

scholarly journals Short Communication: Floristic composition and relationships between plant species abundance and soil properties in common hazel (Corylus avellana) mountainous forest of northern Iran

2018 ◽  
Vol 19 (5) ◽  
pp. 1835-1841
Author(s):  
GHADER POURRAHMATI ◽  
ASADOLLAH MATAJI ◽  
HASSAN POURBABAEI ◽  
ALI SALEHI
Keyword(s):  
Soil Properties ◽  
Plant Species ◽  
Short Communication ◽  
Species Abundance ◽  
Floristic Composition ◽  
Woody Species ◽  
Corylus Avellana ◽  
Herbaceous Species ◽  
Northern Iran ◽  
Total N

Pourrahmati G, Mataji A, Pourbabaei H, Salehi A. 2018. Short Communication: Floristic composition and relationships between plant species abundance and soil properties in common hazel (Corylus avellana) mountainous forest of northern Iran. Biodiversitas 19: 1835-1841. Mountainous forests are valuable terrestrial ecosystems because of their useful services for the human being. Here, we explored the floristic composition and the relationships between plant species abundance distribution and soil physical and chemical properties in common hazel (Corylus avellana L.) in the mountainous forest of northern Iran. Within the forest stand, 30 quadrats (20 m × 20 m and 1 m × 1 m for woody and herbaceous species, respectively) were selectively sampled along an altitudinal range from 1300 m to 1800 m a.s.l. to assess plant species composition and abundance, and soil samples were taken to perform chemical and physical analyses. The results showed that a total of 43 herbaceous and 15 woody species belonging to 23 and 8 families were identified. The abundance of herbaceous species was significantly correlated with soil properties (pH and total N). Furthermore, the abundance of woody species had a non-significant correlation with soil properties.

scholarly journals COMPOSIÇÃO E ESTRUTURA DO COMPONENTE ARBÓREO DE UM REMANESCENTE DE FLORESTA OMBRÓFILA MISTA

FLORESTA ◽  
2001 ◽  
Vol 31 (12) ◽  
Author(s):  
Raquel R.B. Negrelle ◽  
Ramoci Leuchtenberger
Keyword(s):  
Basal Area ◽  
Floristic Composition ◽  
Total Density ◽  
Araucaria Angustifolia ◽  
Importance Value ◽  
Generic Level ◽  
Dead Trees ◽  
Composition And Structure ◽  
Forest Remnant ◽  
Abstract Data

São apresentados dados de levantamento florístico-estrutural realizado em remanescente de Floresta Ombrófila Mista (Mata da Fortaleza) no Parque Estadual de Vila Velha, Ponta Grossa - PR (23° 3’ S, 50° 15’ W). Na aplicação do método de quadrantes (75 pontos) foram registrados 300 indivíduos arbóreos (DAP > 15 cm), sendo 11 arvores mortas em pé. Dentre os indivíduos vivos, catalogaram-se 67 morfo-espécies sendo 37 identificadas em nível de espécie, 15 em nível de gênero, 7 em nível de família e 8 não puderam ser identificadas. Para estes indivíduos detectou-se um valor de diversidade H’=3,538 (var. = 0,00413), densidade total de 658 árvores/hectares e área basal total de 32,97 m2. Cerca de 59 % dos indivíduos amostrados foram classificados como macrofanerófitos e 41% como mesofanerófitos, não ocorrendo registro de nanofanerófitos. As espécies de maiores valores estruturais foram Ocotea odorifera (VI=40,19), Araucaria angustifolia (VI= 30,39), Ocotea acutifolia (VI=19,0) e Luehea divaricata (VI=18,44). Floristic composition and structure of an Araucarian forest remnant Abstract Data from a floristic and structural survey in an araucarian forest remnant (called Mata da Fortaleza) in the Vila Velha State Park (Ponta Grossa - PR - 23° 3’ S, 50° 15’ W) are presented. With the application of the point-centered quarter method (75 sampling points), 300 trees (dbh > 15cm) were sampled, including 11 dead trees. Within the alive individuals, 67 morpho-species were detected, 37 identified at a species level, 15 at a generic level, 07 at a family level and 8 were not identified. For the alive component the diversity was H’=3.538 (var. = 0.00413), total density was 658 trees/hectare and the total basal area was 32.97 m2. Almost 59 % of all sampled individuals was classified as macrofanerophyte and 41% as mesofanerophyte, with no register of nanofanerophytes. The species with the greatest importance value were: Ocotea odorifera (40,19), Araucaria angustifolia (30,39), Ocotea acutifolia (19,0) and Luehea divaricata (18,44).

Changes in the floristic composition of cerrado sensu stricto in Brazil over a nine-year period

2000 ◽  
Vol 16 (4) ◽  
pp. 579-590 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jeanine Maria Felfili ◽  
Alba Valéria Rezende ◽  
Manoel Cláudio Da Silva Júnior ◽  
Marco Aurélio Silva
Keyword(s):  
Species Composition ◽  
Tropical Forests ◽  
Basal Area ◽  
Floristic Composition ◽  
Ground Level ◽  
Sensu Stricto ◽  
Permanent Plots ◽  
Constant Density ◽  
Composition And Structure

Changes in floristic composition and structure in a cerrado sensu stricto area were studied over a 9-y period. A sample of 19 (20-m × 50-m) permanent plots was assessed at 3-y intervals from 1985 to 1994, when all stems ≥ 5 cm at 0.30 m above the ground level were measured. There was little change in species composition over the period. Changes in density and basal area of the whole community were in the range of 5% over the 9 y. These parameters fluctuated over the years with the greatest differences found in the comparisons of 1991, 2 y after an accidental fire reached the site, with other years. The changes in density and basal area were greater than in several tropical forests, probably due to disturbances such as fire occurring at 3 to 5-y intervals. The nearly constant density and basal area suggested a highly resilient community.

scholarly journals Woody Species Diversity and Structure of Protected Woodlands Adjacent to Free Grazing Land Woodland at Dugda Woreda, Oromia, Ethiopia

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
Tsegu Ereso Denbel
Keyword(s):  
Basal Area ◽  
Floristic Composition ◽  
Woody Species ◽  
Systematic Sampling ◽  
Importance Value Index ◽  
Importance Value ◽  
Mature Trees ◽  
Grazing Land ◽  
Individual Tree ◽  
Breast Height

The study was conducted in protected woodland and free graze woodland located in Dugda Woreda, Oromia state, Ethiopia. The objective of the study was to explore the floristic composition, structure, and regeneration of woody species. In the park, the vegetation ecology has not been studied up to date, which is necessary for conservation. The systematic sampling technique was used to collect vegetation and human disturbance (presence and absence) data from August to December 2017. The vegetation data were collected from 30 plots from each woodland with a size of 900 m2 (30 m × 300 m) for tree/shrub, while subplots of size 400 m2 (20 m × 20 m) for sapling, respectively, were established in the main plots. Individual tree and shrub diameters at breast height (DBH) ≥2.5 cm and height ≥ 2 m were measured using a tape meter and clinometer, respectively. Diameter at breast height (DBH), frequency, density, basal area, and importance value index (IVI) were used for vegetation structure description, while the densities of mature trees, sapling, and seedling were used for regeneration. A total of 446 individual stems from free grazed woodland and 641 individual stems from protected woodland with a DBH of ≥2.5 cm were encountered from 30 studied sample plots that are protected and free grazed woodlands. Of these, from the total woody species, 68.42% were trees and 31.57% shrubs found in protected woodland; 76.92% were trees and 23.07% shrubs found in free grazed woodland. The total basal area of the woody plant was 3.1 ± 1 m2/ha in free grazed woodland and 4.2 ± 2 m2/ha in protected woodland, calculated for 19 woody species. Fabaceae, Balanitaceae, Capparidaceae, Verbenaceae, and Boraginaceae families were the most abundant families in both woodlands. However, there is a good initiation for the conservation of the park; still, the vegetation of the park was threatened by human-induced fire following intensive farming, gold mining, and overgrazing.

scholarly journals Soil-vegetation relationships on a banded ironstone 'island', Carajás Plateau, Brazilian Eastern Amazonia

2015 ◽  
Vol 87 (4) ◽  
pp. 2097-2110 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jaquelina A. Nunes ◽  
Carlos E.G.R. Schaefer ◽  
Walnir G. Ferreira Júnior ◽  
Andreza V. Neri ◽  
Guilherme R. Correa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Soil Properties ◽  
Plant Species ◽  
Floristic Composition ◽  
Iron Formation ◽  
Campo Rupestre ◽  
Vegetation Types ◽  
Banded Iron Formation ◽  
Forest Sites ◽  
Composition And Structure ◽  
Physical Attributes

Vegetation and soil properties of an iron-rich canga (laterite) island on the largest outcrop of banded-iron formation in Serra de Carajás (eastern Amazonia, Brazil) were studied along a topographic gradient (738-762 m asl), and analyzed to test the hypothesis that soil chemical and physical attributes play a key role in the structure and floristic composition of these plant communities. Soil and vegetation were sampled in eight replicate plots within each of the four vegetation types. Surface (0-10 cm) soil samples from each plot were analyzed for basic cations, N, P and plant species density for all species was recorded. CCA ordination analysis showed a strong separation between forest and non-forest sites on the first axis, and between herbaceous and shrubby campo rupestre on the second axis. The four vegetation types shared few plant species, which was attributed to their distinctive soil environments and filtering of their constituent species by chemical, physical and hydrological constraints. Thus, we can infer that Edaphic (pedological) factors are crucial in explaining the types and distributions of campo rupestre vegetation associated with ferruginous ironstone uplands (Canga) in Carajás, eastern Amazonia, therefore the soil properties are the main drivers of vegetation composition and structure on these ironstone islands.

scholarly journals Stand-level windthrow patterns and long-term dynamics of surviving trees in natural secondary stands after a stand-replacing windthrow event

2019 ◽  
Vol 92 (4) ◽  
pp. 473-480 ◽  
Author(s):  
Masato Shibuya ◽  
Satoshi Ishibashi
Keyword(s):  
Tree Mortality ◽  
Basal Area ◽  
Tree Density ◽  
Permanent Plots ◽  
Natural Forests ◽  
Canopy Layer ◽  
Breast Height ◽  
Composition And Structure ◽  
Initiation Stage

Abstract We examined typhoon windthrow patterns in stand-scale permanent plots within three natural forests and the long-term dynamics of surviving trees in two of these plots. The aim was to verify whether pre-disturbance composition and structure affected windthrow damage and stand recovery. The stands, which were in Hokkaido, the northernmost main island of Japan, differed in pre-disturbance composition (coniferous, mixed and broadleaved stands) and structure, and the basal area losses by the windthrow event were 81–93 per cent. Tree mortality was significantly related to tree size (diameter at breast height) and species. The windthrow patterns differed among the three stands; and, windthrow severity was affected by the pre-disturbance composition and structure. The mortality of trees that survived the windthrow event was ~60 per cent in the two plots. The surviving trees comprised a majority of the canopy layer in the secondary stands. The relative basal area of surviving trees decreased rapidly with increasing tree density in the stand initiation stage but differed between plots. Consequently, the pre-disturbance composition and structure influenced windthrow severity, stand recovery and secondary succession in the recovered stands.

Potential Waste Application of Several Industries Segments in Brazilian Agriculture: Effects on Physical and Chemical Soil Properties

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-24
Author(s):  
Marcos Renan Besen ◽  
Michel Esper Neto ◽  
Bruno Maia Abdo Rahmen Cassim ◽  
Evandro Antonio Minato ◽  
Tadeu Takeyoshi Inoue ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Soil Properties ◽  
Chemical Soil ◽  
Physical And Chemical

scholarly journals Effect of Soil Diversity on Forest Plant Species Abundance: A Case Study from Central-European Highlands

Forests ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (5) ◽  
pp. 534
Author(s):  
Pavel Samec ◽  
Jiří Volánek ◽  
Miloš Kučera ◽  
Pavel Cudlín
Keyword(s):  
Soil Properties ◽  
Plant Species ◽  
Plant Diversity ◽  
Species Abundance ◽  
Plant Distribution ◽  
Soil Diversity ◽  
Abiotic Environment ◽  
Soil Group ◽  
Biogeographical Regions ◽  
Forest Distribution

Plant distribution is most closely associated with the abiotic environment. The abiotic environment affects plant species’ abundancy unevenly. The asymmetry is further deviated by human interventions. Contrarily, soil properties preserve environmental influences from the anthropogenic perturbations. The study examined the supra-regional similarities of soil effects on plant species’ abundance in temperate forests to determine: (i) spatial relationships between soil property and forest-plant diversity among geographical regions; (ii) whether the spatial dependencies among compared forest-diversity components are influenced by natural forest representation. The spatial dependence was assessed using geographically weighted regression (GWR) of soil properties and plant species abundance from forest stands among 91 biogeographical regions in the Czech Republic (Central Europe). Regional soil properties and plant species abundance were acquired from 7550 national forest inventory plots positioned in a 4 × 4 km grid. The effect of natural forests was assessed using linear regression between the sums of squared GWR residues and protected forest distribution in the regions. Total diversity of forest plants is significantly dependent on soil-group representation. The soil-group effect is more significant than that of bedrock bodies, most of all in biogeographical regions with protected forest representation >50%. Effects of soil chemical properties were not affected by protected forest distribution. Spatial dependency analysis separated biogeographical regions of optimal forest plant diversity from those where inadequate forest-ecosystem diversity should be increased alongside soil diversity.

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