scholarly journals Soil solution and plant nitrogen on irrigated rice under controlled release nitrogen fertilizers

2017 ◽  
Vol 48 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Thais Antolini Veçozzi ◽  
Rogério Oliveira de Sousa ◽  
Walkyria Bueno Scivittaro ◽  
Cristiano Weinert ◽  
Victor Raul Cieza Tarrillo
Keyword(s):  
Controlled Release ◽  
Rice Field ◽  
Nutrient Release ◽  
Nitrogen Fertilizers ◽  
Irrigated Rice ◽  
Plant Nitrogen ◽  
Coated Urea ◽  
Use Efficiency ◽  
Polymer Coated Urea ◽  
N Use

ABSTRACT: A study was conducted to evaluate the solubilization and nitrogen (N) use efficiency (NUE) of controlled release nitrogen fertilizers in irrigated rice, compared to urea. It was developed under semi-controlled conditions, including five treatments: Control, Splitted Urea (pre-sowing and topdressing), Pre-sowing urea, and Polymer Coated Urea (PCU) with 60-day and 90-day release. PCUs did not maintain high NH4 + and NO3 - levels in solution over a longer period than urea. NUE of PCUs was similar to uncoated urea, not increasing nutrient release in irrigated rice field.

Meadow bromegrass response to coated and conventional urea fertilizers

1998 ◽  
Vol 78 (4) ◽  
pp. 589-595 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. S. Malhi ◽  
K. Heier ◽  
M. Zhang ◽  
M. Nyborg
Keyword(s):  
Controlled Release ◽  
Ammonium Nitrate ◽  
Forage Yield ◽  
Yield Response ◽  
N Recovery ◽  
N Fertilizers ◽  
Coated Urea ◽  
Use Efficiency ◽  
Meadow Bromegrass ◽  
N Use

In central Alberta, surface-broadcast urea is usually less effective in increasing grass forage yield than ammonium nitrate (AN) due to volatilization loss. A 2-yr field experiment was conducted in 1994 and 1995 on meadow bromegrass (Bromus bibersteinii Roem and Shult 'Regar') at Eckville, Alberta to compare a number of synthetic con-trolled-release urea fertilizers with conventional urea and AN fertilizers for their effect on dry matter yield (DMY), protein yield (PY), N-use efficiency (NUE) and percent N recovery (NR). The N fertilizers were applied at 100 kg N ha−1 in early June of 1994 and mid-April of 1995. The meadow bromegrass was harvested three times during the May to September growing season. In both years there was a significant forage yield response to applied N. In 1994, the DMY, PY, NUE and NR were similar for urea and AN, and most of the treated urea products were inferior to urea alone. This was most likely due to delayed application of N fertilizer until just before the start of summer rains. In 1995, urea had lower DMY (by 874 kg ha−1), PY (by 177 kg ha−1), NUE (by 8.8 kg DM kg−1 N ha−1) and NR (by 27.3%) than AN. Some of the coated urea products (e.g., Sh. 19, Sh. G) gave significantly greater DMY, PY, NUE and NR than urea alone, though still less than AN. These results suggest that under conditions when surface-applied urea is inferior to AN, its effectiveness can be improved by using Sh. 19 and Sh. G controlled-release urea fertilizers on grassland. The controlled-release fertilizers may be more expensive and therefore, additional cost must be considered as compared with AN before using on a commercial basis. Key words: Ammonium nitrate, bromegrass, controlled-release N fertilizers, forage yield, N recovery, urea

scholarly journals Comparing soluble to controlled-release nitrogen fertilizers: storage cabbage yield, profit margins, and N use efficiency

2018 ◽  
Vol 98 (4) ◽  
pp. 815-829 ◽  
Author(s):  
L.L. Van Eerd ◽  
J.J.D. Turnbull ◽  
C.J. Bakker ◽  
R.J. Vyn ◽  
A.W. McKeown ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Controlled Release ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Maximum Yield ◽  
N Use Efficiency ◽  
Nitrogen Fertilizers ◽  
Temperate Climate ◽  
N Availability ◽  
Profit Margins ◽  
Use Efficiency ◽  
N Use

Optimizing N fertilizer applications involves maximizing N use efficiency (NUE) while minimizing losses but depends on complex interactions of crop, soil, weather, and management practices. One approach may be to use controlled-release fertilizer that synchronizes N availability with plant demand. A field experiment at two Ontario locations from 2007 to 2009 compared split-applied ammonium nitrate (ANs) to preplant-applied poly-coated urea (PCU) and soluble N at a ratio of 75:25 at five N rates on late-season storage cabbage (Brassica oleracea L. var. capitata). Maximum yield and profit margins were obtained at an average of 286 and >300 kg N ha−1, but few differences among sources were observed. Compared with ANs, PCU did not affect plant N content, nor did PCU reduce soil nitrate or NUE, which indicates little differences in risk of environmental N losses between N sources. Dissolution from mesh bags indicated 5%–25% of various PCU formulations remained by harvest but 5%–10% remained by spring, which suggests conservation over the winter, a need to synchronize N release with crop uptake, and partially explains the lack of treatment differences. From agronomic, economic, and environmental perspectives, the tested PCU treatments for cabbage production in a humid, temperate climate were equivalent to the standard practice.

scholarly journals Three-dimensional dynamics of nitrogen from banded enhanced efficiency fertilizers

2020 ◽  
Vol 118 (3) ◽  
pp. 227-247
Author(s):  
Chelsea K. Janke ◽  
Philip Moody ◽  
Michael J. Bell
Keyword(s):  
Slow Release ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Nitrification Inhibitors ◽  
Effective Utilization ◽  
Coated Urea ◽  
Use Efficiency ◽  
Chemical Conditions ◽  
Polymer Coated Urea ◽  
Controlled Release Polymer ◽  
N Use

AbstractA range of enhanced efficiency fertilizers (EEFs) have been developed in response to widespread recognition of poor nitrogen (N) use efficiency (NUE) in agriculture; however, their effective utilization is not properly understood when applied in sub-surface bands. This study quantified soil chemical changes and the distribution of N species that arose from sub-surface banding of urea, a controlled release polymer-coated urea (PCU) and urea coated with either nitrification inhibitors (NIs) or a urease inhibitor (UI), over 71 days in a field trial. Banding NIs extended the duration of nitrification inhibition for up to 50 days longer than banded urea, although the duration of NI-conferred inhibition was dependant on the rate of NI-urea application. The UI preserved urea-N at a concentration which was 16-fold higher cf. standard urea over 7 days, but no urea-N was detected after 21 days. This suggests that the NUE benefits of UIs are transient when applied in sub-surface bands. Slow release of urea-N from banded PCU resulted in lower concentrations of N in the soil solution. This reduced N dispersal by ca. 50 mm cf. urea, resulting in a N-enriched zone which was considerably smaller. Relatively benign chemical conditions around PCU bands enabled rates of nitrification (NH4–N:NO3–N ratio of 46%) which were similar to urea. Collectively, these results demonstrate the relative efficacy and risks of the different EEF technologies, when applied in fertilizer bands. This knowledge supports the effective utilization of band-applied EEFs for improved NUE in agricultural systems.

scholarly journals Assessing the Potential of Polymer Coated Urea and Sulphur Fertilization on Growth, Physiology, Yield, Oil Contents and Nitrogen Use Efficiency of Sunflower Crop under Arid Environment

Agronomy ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 269
Author(s):  
Sonia Perveen ◽  
Saeed Ahmad ◽  
Milan Skalicky ◽  
Ijaz Hussain ◽  
Muhammad Habibur-Rahman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Arid Environment ◽  
Nitrogen Fertilizers ◽  
Nitrogen Use ◽  
Growth Physiology ◽  
Sulphur Fertilizer ◽  
Coated Urea ◽  
Sunflower Crop ◽  
Use Efficiency ◽  
Polymer Coated Urea ◽  
Fertilizer Rates

Nitrogen and sulphur are fundamental macronutrients for the production of sunflower crop. Nitrogen is required consistently in larger amounts for sunflower production while common urea has more losses due to high solubility. On the other hand, sulphur application increases oil contents and availability of other essential nutrients (N, P, and K). Therefore, combined application of polymer coated urea with sulphur fertilization might be a promising option which can increase achene yield, oil contents, and nitrogen use efficiency (NUE). However, no particular studies have been conducted to explore the main and interactive effects of polymer coated urea and sulphur fertilization on growth, physiology, yield, oil contents, and NUE under arid field conditions. Hence, the current field experiment consisted of two nitrogen fertilizers [polymer coated urea (PCU) and common urea (CU)] and three sulphur fertilizer rates [S0 (0), S1 (30) and S2 (60) kg ha−1)] in a split-plot arrangement under randomized complete block design (RCBD) during spring season of 2019 and 2020. Experimental results revealed that growth, physiology, yield, oil contents, and NUE of sunflower crop were significantly improved with the application of nitrogen fertilizers, sulphur fertilizer rates, and their interaction. Meanwhile, NUE, achene yield and oil contents were increased by 16.0–17.2%, 16.5–17.0%, and 2.96–3.19% respectively with the application of PCU compared with CU. Furthermore, NUE, achene yield and oil contents were also increased by 12.8–13.3%, 13.1–13.7%, and 10.7–10.9%, respectively, due to sulphur fertilization of 60 kg ha−1compared with no sulphur application. Similarly, NUE, achene yield, and oil contents were increased by 32.9–39.5%, 31.7–32.6%, and 13.1–13.2% respectively with the application of PCU in combination with sulphur fertilization of 60 kg ha−1compared with CU × S0, which also evidenced a clear and positive interaction between nitrogen and sulphur. Conclusively, PCU (130 kg ha−1) in combination with sulphur fertilization of 60 kg ha−1 is promising option for obtaining higher achene yield, oil contents, and NUE for sunflower crop under arid environment, and hence, it might be a good agronomic adaptation strategy for sustainable production of sunflower.

Yield and chlorophyll index in cabbage in function of enhanced-efficiency nitrogen fertilizers and urea

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 6
Author(s):  
J. J. Frazão ◽  
A. R. Silva ◽  
F. H. M. Salgado ◽  
R. A. Flores ◽  
E. P. F. Brasil
Keyword(s):  
Nitrogen Fertilizers ◽  
N Losses ◽  
N Sources ◽  
Promising Strategy ◽  
Applied Dose ◽  
Coated Urea ◽  
Chlorophyll Index ◽  
Polymer Coated Urea ◽  
N Rates ◽  
And Control

The increase of the efficiency of the nitrogen fertilization promotes reduction of the applied dose and decreases the losses of nitrogen (N) to the environment. The objective of this work was to evaluate the yield and the relative chlorophyll index (IRC) in cabbage crop under cover fertilization, using enhanced-efficiency nitrogen fertilizers, compared to urea, in variable doses. The experimental design was randomized blocks in a 3x4+1 factorial scheme (three sources, four rates and control), with four replications. The N sources used were: common urea (U), urea treated with urease inhibitor NBPT® (UN) and Kimcoat® polymer coated urea (UK). The N rates used were 0, 40, 80, 160 and 320 kg ha-1, divided in two fertilizations at 20 and 40 days after transplantation. Up to 160 kg ha-1 of N, there was no difference between N sources and N rates for both yield and RCI. The enhanced-efficiency N sources (UN and UK) promoted higher averages compared to common urea, possibly due to the higher N losses from common urea. Thus, the use of urease inhibitors or polymers associated with urea is a promising strategy to improve cabbage yield, as well as reducing N losses to the environment.

scholarly journals Response of bermudagrass to enhanced-efficiency fertilizers, application strategies and release under tropical conditions

2020 ◽  
pp. 108-115
Author(s):  
Bernardo Melo Montes Nogueira Borges ◽  
Fernanda Ribeiro Peixoto ◽  
Marilena de Melo Braga ◽  
Barbara de Brito Brunozzi ◽  
Maria Lucia Silveira ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sampling Period ◽  
Nitrogen Use ◽  
N Fertilizers ◽  
Release Pattern ◽  
Tropical Conditions ◽  
Coated Urea ◽  
Important Input ◽  
Use Efficiency ◽  
Field Incubation ◽  
Polymer Coated Urea

Nitrogen fertilization is an important input for crop yield; however, it can result in detrimental environmental effects due to low use efficiency of regular N sources. This study evaluated the effects of N fertilizers and application strategies (single vs. split application) on bermudagrass (Cynodon spp.) responses and release pattern and rate in controlled and field incubations. The bermudagrass study was arranged in a two-way factorial scheme of 6 N fertilizers, urea, Polymer Coated Urea (PCU), PCU-6 (6 months), PCU-4 (4 months), PCU-2 (2 months) and urea + urease inhibitor (U-NBPT) applied as a single (400 kg N ha-1 yr-1) or two split applications of 200 kg N ha-1 (400 kg N ha-1 yr-1). The controlled experiment was a two-way factorial of PCU-6, PCU-4, PCU-2 and 15, 45 and 90% water hold capacity (WHC), sampling period of 170 days, the field incubation used the same sources sampled up to 220 days. Enhanced-efficiency fertilizers (EEF) increased herbage accumulation (HA) by 1.3 Mg ha-1 compared to untreated urea, on average. Nitrogen use efficiency (NUE) was greater for EEFs (44%) than urea (36%). Results showed that increased soil moisture inferred positive responses in release pattern and a minimum of 45% WHC was necessary for optimum release. Fertilizers at field conditions resulted in an earlier release than expected, ~20 days.

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