scholarly journals Helminth parasite communities of two Physalaemus cuvieri Fitzinger, 1826 (Anura: Leiuperidae) populations under different conditions of habitat integrity in the Atlantic Rain Forest of Brazil

2015 ◽  
Vol 75 (4) ◽  
pp. 963-968 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Aguiar ◽  
G. M. Toledo ◽  
L. A. Anjos ◽  
R. J. Silva
Keyword(s):  
Rain Forest ◽  
Helminth Fauna ◽  
Atlantic Rain Forest ◽  
Parasite Communities ◽  
Selective Pressures ◽  
Habitat Integrity ◽  
Disturbed Area ◽  
Importance Index ◽  
Fauna Composition ◽  
Two Populations

Abstract Adults of Physalaemus cuvieri were collected and necropsied between November 2009 and January 2010. This was carried out in order to report and compare the helminth fauna associated with two populations of this anuran species from the Brazilian Atlantic rain forest under different conditions of habitat integrity. The hosts from the disturbed area were parasitized with five helminth taxa: Cosmocerca parva, Aplectana sp., Physaloptera sp., Rhabdias sp., Oswaldocruzia subauricularis (Nematoda) and Polystoma cuvieri (Monogenea) while those from the preserved area had four helminth taxa: C. parva, Aplectana sp., Physaloptera sp., Rhabdias sp., and Acanthocephalus saopaulensis (Acanthocephala). Prevalence, mean intensity of infection, mean abundance, mean richness, importance index and dominance frequency of helminth component communities were similar in both areas. The helminth community associated with anurans from the disturbed area had higher diversity than that from the preserved area. This study is the first to report on the acanthocephalan parasites of Ph. cuvieri, and the similarity between helminth fauna composition of two host populations under different selective pressures.

Chemical and biological evaluation of native bamboo species from atlantic rain forest

Planta Medica ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 78 (11) ◽  
Author(s):  
MT Grombone-Guaratini ◽  
LM Brandão Torres ◽  
DA Faria ◽  
CM José
Keyword(s):  
Rain Forest ◽  
Biological Evaluation ◽  
Atlantic Rain Forest ◽  
Bamboo Species

Helminth Parasite Communities of the Water-rat, Hydromys chrysogaster, from Queensland

1997 ◽  
Vol 24 (4) ◽  
pp. 445 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. R. Smales ◽  
T. H. Cribb
Keyword(s):  
Bimodal Distribution ◽  
Helminth Fauna ◽  
Helminth Community ◽  
Parasite Communities ◽  
Far North ◽  
Core Species ◽  
Helminth Communities ◽  
Eastern Australia ◽  
Hydromys Chrysogaster ◽  
High Diversity

The helminth fauna from 124 water-rats, Hydromys chrysogaster, collected from 33 localities in Queensland was analysed. A total of 45 species of helminths was found, comprising 2 acanthocephalans, 2 cestodes, 13 nematodes and 28 trematodes. The helminth community of the water-rats in the region north of latitude 18˚ (far north) was different from that of water-rats south of 18˚ (central); Sorensen’s Index 45·8% similarity, whereas Holmes and Podesta’s Index gave 32·1% similarity. Comparisons with data from water-rats from southern and Tasmanian regions showed that they were different from each other and from both Queensland regions. The helminth communities were characterised by high diversity, dominated by trematodes in the central and Tasmanian regions, but with nematodes becoming more prominent in the far northern and southern regions. No core or secondary species were found in the Queensland helminth communities, the southern community was suggestive of a bimodal distribution and the Tasmanian had two core species. A checklist of helminth species occurring in water-rats from eastern Australia is provided.

scholarly journals Soil profile, relief features and their relation to structure and distribution of Brazilian Atlantic rain forest trees

2012 ◽  
Vol 69 (1) ◽  
pp. 61-69 ◽  
Author(s):  
Frederico Augusto Guimarães Guilherme ◽  
Tiago Osório Ferreira ◽  
Marco Antonio Assis ◽  
Pablo Vidal Torrado ◽  
Leonor Patrícia Cerdeira Morellato
Keyword(s):  
Soil Profile ◽  
Rain Forest ◽  
Atlantic Rain Forest ◽  
Forest Trees

A new Brazilian species of Stenochironomus Kieffer mining decayed leaves in bromeliads (Diptera: Chironomidae)

Zootaxa ◽  
2005 ◽  
Vol 1046 (1) ◽  
pp. 37 ◽  
Author(s):  
LUIZ CARLOS DE PINHO ◽  
HUMBERTO FONSECA MENDES ◽  
CARLOS BRISOLA MARCONDES
Keyword(s):  
Rain Forest ◽  
Environmental Conservation ◽  
Atlantic Rain Forest ◽  
Life Stages ◽  
Southern Brazil ◽  
Conservation Unit ◽  
Santa Catarina ◽  
Brazilian Species

All life stages of Stenochironomus atlanticus Pinho & Mendes sp. n. are described and figured. The larva mines decaying leaves held in the water of several bromeliad species (Canistrum lindenii (Regel) Mez, Neoregelia laevis (Mez) L.B. Smith, Nidularium innocentii Lemaire, Vriesea philippocoburgii Wawra, and Vriesea vagans (L.B. Smith) L.B. Smith.) in the Atlantic Rain Forest in southern Brazil [Desterro Environmental Conservation Unit (Unidade de Conservação Ambiental Desterro – UCAD), Santa Catarina Island]. Stenochironomus atlanticus is the only species in the genus found in the phytotelmata habitat, and it apparently is restricted to this environment.

scholarly journals Diversity of functional traits of fleshy fruits in a species-rich Atlantic rain forest

2011 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 181-193 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mauro Galetti ◽  
Marco Aurélio Pizo ◽  
Leonor Patrícia Cerdeira Morellato
Keyword(s):  
Rain Forest ◽  
Woody Plants ◽  
Atlantic Rain Forest ◽  
Fruit Traits ◽  
Fruit Morphology ◽  
Se Brazil ◽  
Common Strategy ◽  
Tropical Woody Plants ◽  
Plant Families ◽  
Chemical Traits

Production of vertebrate-dispersed fruits is the most common strategy of tropical woody plants to disperse their seeds. Few studies have documented community-wide variation of fruit morphology and chemistry of vertebrate-dispersed fruits in species-rich tropical communities. We examined the functional diversity of fruit morphological and chemical traits of 186 species representing 57 plant families in an undisturbed lowland plant community in the Atlantic rain forest of SE, Brazil. We were particularly interested in associating morphological and chemical fruit traits to their main seed dispersers, either birds, mammals or 'mixed' (i.e. fruits eaten by birds and mammals). The morphological and chemical traits of fruits at the study site generally resemble the patterns observed in fruits worldwide. Bird fruits tend to be smaller than mammal fruits, being colored black or red, whereas mammal fruits are often yellow or green. Mammal fruits are more variable than bird fruits in relation to morphological traits, while the reverse is true for chemical traits. Mixed fruits resemble bird fruits in the patterns of variation of morphological and chemical traits, suggesting that they are primarily bird-dispersed fruits that are also exploited by mammals. Mixed fruits are common in tropical forests, and represent an excellent opportunity to contrast the effectiveness of different functional groups of frugivores dispersing the same plant species.

scholarly journals Allelic diversity in populations of Solanum lycocarpum A. St.-Hil (Solanaceae) in a protected area and a disturbed environment

2011 ◽  
Vol 25 (4) ◽  
pp. 937-940 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tânia Maria de Moura ◽  
Alexandre Magno Sebbenn ◽  
Karina Martins ◽  
Maria Andreia Moreno ◽  
Giancarlo Conde Xavier Oliveira ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Protected Areas ◽  
Allelic Diversity ◽  
Rare Allele ◽  
Conservation Unit ◽  
Long Distance ◽  
Disturbed Area ◽  
Disturbed Areas ◽  
Pasture Area ◽  
Two Populations

This study aimed to compare the genetic diversity of populations of Solanum lycocarpum A.St.-Hil between natural and human disturbed environments, with the assumption that protected areas have greater genetic diversity than disturbed areas. For this study, two populations were sampled in Goiás State, Brazil. One was located in a conservation unit, Serra de Caldas Novas State Park, in the Caldas Novas municipality. The other was located in a pasture area in the municipality of Morrinhos. The two populations are 41 km apart. We sampled 60 individuals from each population, which were genotyped with five microsatellite loci (SSR). The highest number of alleles was recorded in the population of the conservation unit, where we found 11 exclusive and five rare alleles. In the disturbed area, we recorded only three exclusive alleles and one rare allele. Although we did not observe significant inbreeding in these populations, genetic divergence between them was high (G ST (Hedrick)=0.147 =0.147) for a species with long distance seed dispersal. The results corroborate the hypothesis that the population in the less disturbed area harbors greater allelic diversity. They also confirm the effectiveness of using protected areas to preserve the genetic diversity of the species.

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