First records of Charadrius semipalmatus, Bonaparte 1825 (Charadriidae) and Gelochelidon nilotica Gmelin 1789 (Sternidae) in the State of Minas Gerais, Brazil

Around forty bird species habitually reproduce in the Northern Hemisphere during summer, and migrate to the Southern Hemisphere during northern winter. These migrating birds fly together in large or small groups until they have reached the Caribbean, Central American, or Brazilian shores. Charadrius semipalmatus, Bonaparte 1825, is one of these migrating species that uses resting and feeding areas along eastern and western coasts of North and South America, with several records for the Brazilian coast, and very few for the inland country. On November 24, 2011, an individual of this species was observed on the banks of one of the lakes that compose a complex of about 40 temporary lakes within the Karst of Lagoa Santa Environmental Protection Area. On October 29 and 30, 2012 a single individual of Gelochelidon nilotica, Gmelin 1789, was also observed in Sumidouro State Park. We suggest that these specimens have used the Atlantic Ocean migration route, following the São Francisco River Basin, until the karst area. Although highly impacted, the temporary lakes within the Karst of Lagoa Santa still harbor a significant number of bird species, and serve as resting and feeding places for migratory or errant species that are still eliciting new records.

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Vulnerability of Avifauna and Wildlife to Tourism Impacts

Environmental Impacts of Tourism in Developing Nations - Advances in Hospitality, Tourism, and the Services Industry ◽

10.4018/978-1-5225-5843-9.ch007 ◽

2019 ◽

pp. 121-139

Author(s):

Joana Salgueiro ◽

José Guilherme Moreira Simões Vieira ◽

Luis R. Vieira ◽

Ulisses M. Azeiteiro ◽

Amadeu M. V. M. Soares ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Fixed Points ◽

Environmental Protection ◽

Bird Species ◽

Ecological Indicators ◽

Buffer Zones ◽

Tourism Impacts ◽

Human Presence ◽

Environmental Protection Area ◽

Protection Area

The chapter is developed on a two approach basis. In the first, it analyzed a global contextualization of the vulnerability of avifauna and wildlife to tourism impacts, where a transversal diagnosis is made. The vulnerability of wildlife to disturbance is complex and several studies suggest that animals undergoing non-threatening, predictable, and frequent disturbances can become familiarized and opportunistic. The results of a case study about tourist activities impact on birds with high and urgent importance in an environmental protection area (Cananéia-Iguape, Brazil) are also analyzed. This study consisted of fieldwork through the methodology of fixed points. The objective was to identify ecological indicators most likely to be threatened by tourism, the identification of bird species and of tourism activities susceptible to human presence. The results obtained demonstrate the need for the creation of buffer zones and the introduction of information signs. These are tools that can be used to promote the coexistence of wildlife and tourism.

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Traditional knowledge and perception of birds in the Parnaíba Delta environmental protection area, Northeast Brazil

Acta Scientiarum Biological Sciences ◽

10.4025/actascibiolsci.v42i1.47722 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 42 ◽

pp. e47722

Author(s):

Francisco das Chagas Vieira Santos ◽

Wedson Medeiros Silva Souto ◽

Arthur Serejo Neves Ribeiro ◽

Reinaldo Farias Paiva de Lucena ◽

Anderson Guzzi

Keyword(s):

Environmental Protection ◽

Traditional Knowledge ◽

Bird Species ◽

Detailed Knowledge ◽

Older Individuals ◽

Ecosystem Integrity ◽

Bird Richness ◽

Environmental Protection Area ◽

Protection Area ◽

Native Birds

Local inhabitants retain a vast knowledge about the bird richness surrounding them, as well as many of their ethological and ecological aspects, and can identify the importance of those birds to the maintenance of ecosystem integrity. The present study sought to document the traditional knowledge retained by members of the Labino community concerning the avifauna of the Delta do Rio Parnaíba Environmental Protection Area (APA), Piauí State, Brazil. We interviewed 76 male (51% of the sample) and 74 female (49%) residents. The interviewees indicated the occurrence of 97 bird species belonging to 21 orders and 40 families. Men could identify more bird species than women. Older individuals recognize more bird species than younger members of the community. Individuals with less schooling demonstrated greater knowledge of species richness than those with more formal educations. A very significant percentage (45%, n = 68) of the interviewees reported consuming native birds, principally Aramides cajaneus, Columbina squammata, and Zenaida auriculata. A total of 48 species were perceived as having their populations reduced in recent years, principally Mimus gilvus, Icterus jamacaii, Aramides cajaneus, Turdus rufiventris, and Cacicus cela. The residents of the Labino community were therefore found to have a detailed knowledge of the local avifauna and perceived impacts caused mainly by hunting in the Parnaiba River Delta region.

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Diversity and distribution of avifauna at Warathenna-Hakkinda Environmental Protection Area in Kandy, Sri Lanka

Journal of Threatened Taxa ◽

10.11609/jott.7447.13.12.19689-19701 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 13 (12) ◽

pp. 19689-19701

Author(s):

Dinelka Thilakarathne ◽

Tithira Lakkana ◽

Gayan Hirimuthugoda ◽

Chaminda Wijesundara ◽

Shalika Kumburegama

Keyword(s):

Sri Lanka ◽

Environmental Protection ◽

Bird Species ◽

Shannon Index ◽

Line Transect ◽

River Islands ◽

Riverine Forests ◽

Environmental Protection Area ◽

Protection Area ◽

Wood Pigeon

The present study was carried out in the recently established Warathenna-Hakkinda EPA in the Kandy District, Sri Lanka to investigate the avifaunal diversity and conservation threats. Sampling was conducted in two main habitat types: river islands and riverine forests. Both point count (10 m radius) and line transect (200 m long) methods were utilized and maximum of 30 minutes was used to sample the birds in each point. Food habit, niche type, endemism, abundance, and diversity indices (Shannon & Margalef) were calculated to compare the two habitats in this area. A total of 74 bird species belonging to 61 genera and 35 families were encountered from the study site. Among these, seven species are endemic: Sri Lanka Grey Hornbill, Sri Lanka Green Pigeon, Sri Lanka Wood Pigeon, Sri Lanka Hanging Parrot, Crimson-fronted Barbet, Yellow-fronted Barbet, and Sri Lanka Hill Mynah; while six were migratory: Green Sandpiper, Common Sandpiper, Indian Pitta, Asian Brown Flycatcher, Yellow Wagtail, and Grey Wagtail and the rest were non-endemic natives. Most of them were canopy and sub canopy dwellers associated with riverine forests and islands. According to the National Red List of Sri Lanka, three species, the Sri Lanka Wood Pigeon, Sri Lanka Hill Mynah, and Alpine Swift, are listed as threatened. Ardeidae, Alcedinidae, Columbidae, Accipitridae, and Apodidae were the most species rich families in this habitat. Out of the sampled species, 31% and 25% of the birds were carnivores and insectivores, respectively, while 5% were nectarivores. According to the avifauna, the riverine forests are more diverse (Shannon index H’= 2.55; Margalef’s index M= 10.92) than the river islands (H’= 2.29; M= 5.07) in this landscape. The variety of habitats along the Mahaweli River at Warathenna appears to aid in sustaining a rich bird community and this Environmental Protection Area will help create a safe haven for the birds.

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Marine ecotourism in Brazil: from origins to implementation feasibility

Revista Brasileira de Ecoturismo (RBEcotur) ◽

10.34024/rbecotur.2018.v11.6699 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 11 (3) ◽

Author(s):

Alexandre de Gusmão Pedrini

Keyword(s):

Public Funding ◽

Brazilian Coast ◽

Rocky Shores ◽

Community Based ◽

Marine Fauna ◽

Governmental Agencies ◽

Environmental Protection Area ◽

Protection Area ◽

Marine Ecotourism ◽

Governmental Funding

This literature review aims at analyzing and reflecting upon the genesis of marine ecotourism in Brazil from an environmental education perspective. It covers the study of two representative cases of marine ecotourism along the Brazilian coast, which develop direct benthic-community watching – one on rocky shores (EcoTurisMar Project) and another on coral reefs (ProMar Project). ProMar, implemented in Environmental Protection Area of Tinharé and Boipeba Islands, sells products by US$ 16 each and generates about US$ 430 every ten days. Main constraints to sustainable marine ecotourism identified by the study were: a) lack of governmental funding for the development of sustainable marine ecotouristic products; b) absence of laws making it mandatory for tour operators to offer sustainable marine ecotouristic products inside and around protected areas; c) higher costs of marine ecotouristic products in comparison with mainstream touristic products; d) local traders’ lack of interest in undertaking sustainable marine ecotouristic products; e) funding and general choice for environmentally damaging mainstream touristic products; f) lack of low-interest public funding for community-based ecotouristic enterprises; g) governmental divestment from public universities ¬– and thus from faculty’s projects; h) dismantling of socioenvironmental governmental agencies liable for control and surveillance, especially in relation to marine fauna-watching ecotourism. Results suggest the urgency of an in loco inventory of marine ecotourism activities in Brazil. By taking into consideration the input from several stakeholders engaged in touristic trade, sustainable marine ecotourism can be implemented in a way that comprehends all kinds of sustainability Ecoturismo marinho no Brasil: das origens à viabilidade de implementação Esse artigo de revisão sintetiza e reflete criticamente sobre a gênese do ecoturismo marinho no Brasil, sob a perspectiva da educação ambiental. O trabalho se concentra em dois estudos de casos emblemáticos de observação da comunidade bentônica marinha costeira. Um caso é o Projeto EcoTurisMar desenvolvido para observação da comunidade bentônica de costões rochosos marinhos no sudeste e o outro caso é o Projeto ProMar realizado para reconhecimento da vida marinha dos recifes de coral no nordeste brasileiro. O Projeto que mais avançou foi o ProMar implementado na Área de Proteção Ambiental das Ilhas de Tinharé e Boipeba no Estado da Bahia. Ele vende cada produto por US$16 e acumula US$430 a cada 10 dias. As principais dificuldades identificadas para a sustentabilidade do ecoturismo marinho local são: a) falta de financiamento inicial do governo local para o desenvolvimento de produtos ecoturísticos; b) ausência de legislação que obrigue às operadoras de turismo locais a oferecer produtos de ecoturismo marinho sustentáveis nos limites das áreas protegidas; c) custo mais alto dos produtos de ecoturismo marinho de base local quando comparados com os do turismo marinho massificados e insustentáveis; d) desinteresse dos empresários de turismo local em desenvolver e vender o ecoturismo marinho sustentável local; e) escolha do público pelo turismo marinho que danifica a biota local; f) desinteresse da população local em criar empresas de ecoturismo; g) desinvestimento governamental nas universidades públicas e consequentemente falta de dinheiro para desenvolvimento de projetos universitários como os de ecoturismo marinho; h) desconstrução das agências governamentais de fiscalização socioambiental especialmente em relação a observação ecoturística da fauna marinha. Os resultados mostram a necessidade urgente de um inventário das atividades comerciais de ecoturismo marinho no Brasil. É necessário conhecer as contribuições e interesses dos vários atores envolvidos no setor comercial. Para o ecoturismo marinho ser amplamente implementado comercialmente no país com sustentabilidade socioambiental é necessário superar e resolver os obstáculos já identificados.

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Dengue-2 and Guadeloupe Mosquito Virus RNA Detected in Aedes (Stegomyia) spp. Collected in a Vehicle Impound Yard in Santo André, SP, Brazil

Insects ◽

10.3390/insects12030248 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 12 (3) ◽

pp. 248

Author(s):

Marina E. O. Rangel ◽

Luana P. R. Oliveira ◽

Aline D. Cabral ◽

Katharyna C. Gois ◽

Marcos V. M. Lima ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Urban Areas ◽

Mosquito Species ◽

Infection Rates ◽

Serra Do Mar ◽

Virus Rna ◽

High Infection ◽

Human Landing ◽

Environmental Protection Area ◽

Protection Area ◽

Minimum Infection Rate

In 2018–2019, we conducted mosquito collections in a municipal vehicle impound yard, which is 10 km from the Serra do Mar Environmental Protection Area in Santo André, SP, Brazil. Our aim is to study arboviruses in the impound yard, to understand the transmission of arboviruses in an urban environment in Brazil. We captured the mosquitoes using human-landing catches and processed them for arbovirus detection by conventional and quantitative RT-PCR assays. We captured two mosquito species, Aedes aegypti (73 total specimens; 18 females and 55 males) and Ae. albopictus (34 specimens; 27 females and 7 males). The minimum infection rate for DENV-2 was 11.5 per 1000 (CI95%: 1–33.9). The detection of DENV-2 RNA in an Ae. albopictus female suggests that this virus might occur in high infection rates in the sampled mosquito population and is endemic in the urban areas of Santo André. In addition, Guadeloupe mosquito virus RNA was detected in an Ae. aegypti female. To our knowledge, this was the first detection of the Guadeloupe mosquito virus in Brazil.

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Sex and age-specific differences in wing pointedness and wing length in blackcaps Sylvia atricapilla migrating through the southern Baltic coast

Current Zoology ◽

10.1093/cz/zoaa065 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Agnieszka Ożarowska ◽

Grzegorz Zaniewicz ◽

Włodzimierz Meissner

Keyword(s):

Wing Length ◽

Sub Saharan Africa ◽

Migration Route ◽

Sylvia Atricapilla ◽

Climatic Effects ◽

Migration Distance ◽

Baltic Coast ◽

Southern Baltic ◽

Sub Saharan ◽

Migrating Birds

Abstract The blackcap Sylvia atricapilla shows a complex migratory pattern and is a suitable species for the studies of morphological migratory syndrome, including adaptations of wing shape to different migratory performance. Obligate migrants of this species that breed in northern, central, and Eastern Europe differ by migration distance and some cover shorter distance to the wintering grounds in the southern part of Europe/North Africa or the British Isles, although others migrate to sub-Saharan Africa. Based on ˃40 years of ringing data on blackcaps captured during autumn migration in the Southern Baltic region, we studied age- and sex-related correlations in wing pointedness and wing length of obligate blackcap migrants to understand the differences in migratory behavior of this species. Even though the recoveries of blackcaps were scarce, we reported some evidence that individuals which differ in migration distance differed also in wing length. We found that wing pointedness significantly increased with an increasing wing length of migrating birds, and adults had longer and more pointed wings than juvenile birds. This indicates stronger antipredator adaptation in juvenile blackcaps than selection on flight efficiency, which is particularly important during migration. Moreover, we documented more pronounced differences in wing length between adult and juvenile males and females. Such differences in wing length may enhance a faster speed of adult male blackcaps along the spring migration route and may be adaptive when taking into account climatic effects, which favor earlier arrival from migration to the breeding grounds.

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Assessment of trace metal contamination and bioavailability in an Environmental Protection Area: Guaxindiba estuarine system (Guanabara Bay, Rio de Janeiro Brazil)

Regional Studies in Marine Science ◽

10.1016/j.rsma.2020.101143 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 35 ◽

pp. 101143

Author(s):

Michele Fernandes ◽

Estefan Monteiro da Fonseca ◽

Leonardo da Silva Lima ◽

Susanna Eleonora Sichel ◽

Jessica de Freitas Delgado ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Trace Metal ◽

Environmental Protection ◽

Metal Contamination ◽

Rio De Janeiro ◽

Estuarine System ◽

Guanabara Bay ◽

Trace Metal Contamination ◽

Environmental Protection Area ◽

Protection Area

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Yield and diametric structure of Dimorphandra mollis Benth

Pesquisa Agropecuária Tropical ◽

10.1590/1983-40632021v5167240 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 51 ◽

Author(s):

Karoline Paulino Costa ◽

Messulan Rodrigues Meira ◽

Silma Leite Rocha ◽

Thaíse Ohana Moura Fernandes ◽

Ernane Ronie Martins

Keyword(s):

Environmental Protection ◽

Social Economic ◽

Average Diameter ◽

Brazilian Savanna ◽

Diameter At Breast Height ◽

Breast Height ◽

Minas Gerais State ◽

Environmental Protection Area ◽

Protection Area ◽

Environmental Importance

ABSTRACT Dimorphandra mollis is native to the Brazilian Savanna and has social, economic and environmental importance. This study aimed to evaluate the yield and diametric distribution of Dimorphandra mollis Benth. in the Pandeiros River Environmental Protection Area, in Bonito de Minas, Minas Gerais state, Brazil. Five areas were assessed, totaling five hectares (50 plots of 1,000 m2). The total number of plants, yield per plant (2018, 2019 and 2020) and diameter at breast height were recorded, considering all trees from the plots in diametric classes. The average diameter at breast height of all plants was 6.05 ± 3.07 cm, and that of the plants that produced in at least one of the evaluated years was 7.46 ± 3.15 cm. The diametric distribution showed classes with no individuals, indicating imbalance, as well as a trend to inverted “J” shape. The maximum annual yield was 8.08 kg ha-1 of dry fruits (2019), the minimum 0.42 kg ha-1 (2018), and the average 2.74 kg ha-1, with biennial characteristic.

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Coral reef detection using SAR/RADARSAT-1 images at Costa dos Corais, PE/AL, Brazil

Brazilian Journal of Oceanography ◽

10.1590/s1679-87592008000200002 ◽

2008 ◽

Vol 56 (2) ◽

pp. 85-96 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Frederico de Moraes Rudorff ◽

Douglas Francisco Marcolino Gherardi

Keyword(s):

Image Segmentation ◽

Coral Reefs ◽

Speckle Noise ◽

Unsupervised Classification ◽

Error Matrix ◽

Reduced Dimensions ◽

Environmental Protection Area ◽

Protection Area ◽

Good Potential ◽

Reference Map

The present work aimed to examine the potentials of SAR RADARSAT-1 images to detect emergent coral reefs at the Environmental Protection Area of "Costa dos Corais". Multi-view filters were applied and tested for speckle noise reduction. A digital unsupervised classification based on image segmentation was performed and the classification accuracy was evaluated by an error matrix built between the SAR image classification and a reference map obtained from a TM Landsat-5 classification. The adaptative filters showed the best results for speckle suppression and border preservation, especially the Kuan, Gamma MAP, Lee, Frost and Enhanced Frost filters. Small similarity and area thresholds (5 and 10, respectively) were used for the image segmentation due to the reduced dimensions and the narrow and elongated forms of the reefs. The classification threshold of 99% had a better user's accuracy, but a lower producer's accuracy because it is a more restrictive threshold; therefore, it may be possible that it had a greater omission on reef classification. The results indicate that SAR images have a good potential for the detection of emergent coral reefs.

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