scholarly journals How pollinator visits are affected by flower damage and ants presence in Ipomoea carnea subs. fistulosa (Martius and Choise) (Convolvulaceae)?

2020 ◽  
Vol 80 (1) ◽  
pp. 47-56
Author(s):  
J. Martins ◽  
A. Carneiro ◽  
L. Souza ◽  
J. Almeida-Cortez
Keyword(s):  
Reproductive Success ◽  
Extrafloral Nectaries ◽  
Floral Structure ◽  
Ipomoea Carnea ◽  
Visit Rate ◽  
Floral Visitors ◽  
Flower Damage ◽  
Floral Damage

Abstract This study aimed to evaluate the effects of florivory and of the patrolling ants associated to EFNs-extrafloral nectaries, on the frequency of floral visitors, using the specie Ipomoea carnea subs. fistulosa (Martius and Choise) in Caatinga area. The floral attributes of the species were characterized. The effect of florivoria on the frequency of visitors and the influence of the presence of ants associated with the NEFs on the pollinator visit rate were evaluated. The rate of natural florivoria was recorded and collected floral visitors and ants over eight months. The damage on floral structure and the presence of ants foraging in the flowers causes a decrease in the number of total visits. The results may be justified by the fact that the floral damage consisted in the loss of important floral attributes. These effects for Ipomoea carnea subs. fistulosa can affect reproductive success, since it is a self-incompatible species and depends on the activity of the pollinators for their fertilization to occur.

Floral visitors and reproductive success in two sequentially flowering Lindera shrubs (Lauraceae) of central Japan

2018 ◽  
Vol 24 (1) ◽  
pp. 42-51
Author(s):  
Yuji Tokumoto ◽  
Michinari Matsushita ◽  
Keiko Kishimoto-Yamada ◽  
Aoi Nikkeshi ◽  
Tomohiro Isogimi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Reproductive Success ◽  
Central Japan ◽  
Floral Visitors

scholarly journals Breeding biology and distyly in Palicourea rigida H. B. & K. (Rubiaceae) in the Cerrados of Central Brazil

2010 ◽  
Vol 24 (3) ◽  
pp. 686-696 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adriana de Oliveira Machado ◽  
Ana Palmira Silva ◽  
Helder Consolaro ◽  
Mariluza A. Granja e Barros ◽  
Paulo Eugênio Oliveira
Keyword(s):  
Reproductive Success ◽  
Fruit Set ◽  
Pollen Grains ◽  
Floral Biology ◽  
Nectar Production ◽  
Central Brazil ◽  
Palicourea Rigida ◽  
Floral Visitors ◽  
Compatible Pollen ◽  
Incompatibility Reactions

Distyly is a floral polymorphism more common among the Rubiaceae than in any other angiosperm group. Palicourea rigida is a typically distylous species of the Rubiaceae widely distributed in the Brazilian Cerrados. This work aimed to study the floral biology and breeding system of P. rigida in order to verify if there wasasymmetry between floral morphs. The work was carried out at Fazenda Água Limpa, Brasília-DF, from 1993 to 1995; and at Serra Caldas Novas State Park-Goias and in Clube Caça e Pesca Itororó de Uberlândia-Minas Gerais in 2005 and 2006. Density, height and pin/thrum ratio were assessed for flowering individuals in all areas. Plants were investigated for differences in floral morphology, nectar production, reproductive success and site of self incompatibility reactions. Blooming period was long and concentrated during the rains. Flowers were clearly distylous and with reciprocal herkogamy. They produced nectar and lasted for a single day. In spite of differences in density and height, populations were mostly isoplethic. Nectar production varied in volume and concentration but the differences could not be associated with floral morphs. The species is self-incompatible but reproductive success was always high and independent of floral morphs. There were differences in the site of incompatibility barriers between floral morphs, which were similar to those observed for other Rubiaceae. The main floral visitors and pollinators were the hummingbirds Colibri serrirostris and Eupetomena macroura. High fruit-set indicates that the pollinators transported enough compatible pollen grains between floral morphs, despite their territorial behavior.

scholarly journals Foraging ants on the extrafloral nectaries repel nectar thieves but not the effective pollinator of Vigna luteola (Fabaceae) in a Mexican coastal sand dune

Sociobiology ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 65 (4) ◽  
pp. 621 ◽  
Author(s):  
Armando Aguirre ◽  
Wesley Dáttilo ◽  
Dulce Rodríguez-Morales ◽  
Sara Canchola-Orozco ◽  
Eliezer Cocoletzi-Vasquez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sand Dune ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Extrafloral Nectaries ◽  
Dual Function ◽  
Coastal Sand Dune ◽  
Flower Visitation ◽  
Floral Visitors ◽  
Coastal Sand ◽  
Effective Pollinators ◽  
Vigna Luteola

While some studies have shown that ants that visit extrafloral nectaries may defend their host plants against potential herbivores, recent researches have shown that such ant-plant mutualism may be broken in some cases. For example, the presence of ants on plants could also drive away pollinators and seed dispersers. However, it is not yet known what mechanisms could favor that ant presence on plants does not affect other mutualistic interactions involving plants. In this work, we performed a series of field experiments to test the hypothesis that the presence of ants on EFNs located at the base of the inflorescences of Vigna luteola (Fabaceae) may have a negative effect on floral visitors but not on potential pollinators in a Mexican coastal sand dune. In general, we found that the presence of ants on the plants decreased the rate of flower visitation. However, we observed that the time of visitation of the effective pollinators the bee (Pseudocentron) sp. on the flowers was less compared to that of other floral visitors. This strategy may allow that ants cannot aggressively scare away the effective pollinators. In summary, we show that the effective pollinators of V. luteola present strategies that allow them to visit the flowers without being aggressively attacked by the ants that visit the extrafloral nectaries (EFNs). Therefore, the presence of ants on plants could have a dual function: protecting plants against potential herbivores as well as, filtering flowers against nectar thieves.

scholarly journals Temporal changes in the most effective pollinator of a bromeliad pollinated by bees and hummingbirds

PeerJ ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
pp. e8836 ◽  
Author(s):  
Roberta Luisa Barbosa Leal ◽  
Marina Muniz Moreira ◽  
Alessandra Ribeiro Pinto ◽  
Júlia de Oliveira Ferreira ◽  
Miguel Rodriguez-Girones ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Reproductive Success ◽  
Functional Groups ◽  
Pollen Limitation ◽  
Temporal Variations ◽  
Floral Visitor ◽  
Floral Visitors ◽  
Natural Pollination ◽  
Reproductive Events ◽  
Effective Pollinator ◽  
Generalist Pollination

A generalist pollination system may be characterized through the interaction of a plant species with two or more functional groups of pollinators. The spatiotemporal variation of the most effective pollinator is the factor most frequently advocated to explain the emergence and maintenance of generalist pollination systems. There are few studies merging variation in floral visitor assemblages and the efficacy of pollination by different functional groups. Thus, there are gaps in our knowledge about the variation in time of pollinator efficacy and frequency of generalist species. In this study, we evaluated the pollination efficacy of the floral visitors of Edmundoa lindenii (Bromeliaceae) and their frequency of visits across four reproductive events. We analyzed the frequency of the three groups of floral visitors (large bees, small bees, and hummingbirds) through focal observations in the reproductive events of 2015, 2016, 2017, and 2018. We evaluated the pollination efficacy (fecundity after one visit) through selective exposure treatments and the breeding system by manual pollinations. We tested if the reproductive success after natural pollination varied between the reproductive events and also calculated the pollen limitation index. E. lindenii is a self-incompatible and parthenocarpic species, requiring the action of pollinators for sexual reproduction. Hummingbirds had higher efficacy than large bees and small bees acted only as pollen larcenists. The relative frequency of the groups of floral visitors varied between the reproductive events. Pollen limitation has occurred only in the reproductive event of 2017, when visits by hummingbirds were scarce and reproductive success after natural pollination was the lowest. We conclude that hummingbirds and large bees were the main and the secondary pollinators of E. lindenii, respectively, and that temporal variations in the pollinator assemblages had effects on its reproductive success. Despite their lower pollination efficacy, large bees ensured seed set when hummingbirds failed. Thus, we provide evidence that variable pollination environments may favor generalization, even under differential effectiveness of pollinator groups if secondary pollinators provide reproductive assurance.

scholarly journals Flowering and fruiting synchronization, pollen number, floral visitors and reproductive success of Paubrasilia echinata (brazilwood; Leguminosae) in tropical urban ecosystem in comparison to Atlantic forest remnant: A dataset description

Data in Brief ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 25 ◽  
pp. 104177 ◽  
Author(s):  
Willams Oliveira ◽  
Jéssica Luiza Souza e Silva ◽  
Marcela Tomaz Pontes de Oliveira ◽  
Oswaldo Cruz-Neto ◽  
Luanda Augusta Pinheiro da Silva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Reproductive Success ◽  
Atlantic Forest ◽  
Urban Ecosystem ◽  
Forest Remnant ◽  
Pollen Number ◽  
Floral Visitors
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