Image-based red blood cell counter for multiple species of wild and domestic animals

ABSTRACT RBC count plays an important role in animal diagnosis. Despite the many technologies available in different automated hematology analyzers, when it comes to the blood of wild animals it is still difficult to find an easy and affordable solution for multiple species. This study aims to evaluate the proposed automatic red blood cell counter. Blood samples (1 ocelot - Leopardus pardalis, 1 monkey - Cebus apella, 1 coati - Nasua nasua, 62 dogs - Canis familiaris, and 5 horses - Equus caballus) were analyzed using three methods: 1-manual count, 2-automatic count by image, and 3-semi-automatic count by image; blood from dogs and horses were also analyzed by a fourth method: 4-automatic count by impedance. The counts in methods 2 and 3 were produced by the proposed red blood cell counter. Results were compared using Pearson's correlation and plots with different methods as the criterion standard. RBC counts in methods 1, 2, and 3 correlated very well with those in the method 4 (r ≥ 0.94). RBC counts produced by method 2 were highly correlated with method 3 (r = 0.998). The results indicate that the proposed method can be used as an automatic or semi-automatic counting method in clinics that are currently using the manual method for RBC assessment.

Download Full-text

Numerical Investigation of the Effects of Red Blood Cell Cytoplasmic Viscosity Contrasts on Single Cell and Bulk Transport Behaviour

Applied Sciences ◽

10.3390/app8091616 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 8 (9) ◽

pp. 1616 ◽

Cited By ~ 9

Author(s):

Mike de Haan ◽

Gabor Zavodszky ◽

Victor Azizi ◽

Alfons Hoekstra

Keyword(s):

Blood Cell ◽

Single Cell ◽

Red Blood Cell ◽

Immersed Boundary ◽

Short Time Scale ◽

Ray Casting ◽

Cellular Models ◽

Viscosity Contrast ◽

The Many ◽

Short Time

In-silico cellular models of blood are invaluable to gain understanding about the many interesting properties that blood exhibits. However, numerical investigations that focus on the effects of cytoplasmic viscosity in these models are not very prevalent. We present a parallelised method to implement cytoplasmic viscosity for HemoCell, an open-source cellular model based on immersed boundary lattice Boltzmann methods, using an efficient ray-casting algorithm. The effects of the implementation are investigated with single-cell simulations focusing on the deformation in shear flow, the migration due to wall induced lift forces, the characteristic response time in periodic stretching and pair collisions between red blood cells and platelets. Collective transport phenomena are also investigated in many-cell simulations in a pressure driven channel flow. The simulations indicate that the addition of a viscosity contrast between internal and external fluids significantly affects the deformability of a red blood cell, which is most pronounced during very short time-scale events. Therefore, modelling the cytoplasmic viscosity contrast is important in scenarios with high velocity deformation, typically high shear rate flows.

Download Full-text

Automatic Counting for Canine Red Blood Cell based on Two-stage Circular Hough Transform

2019 12th Biomedical Engineering International Conference (BMEiCON) ◽

10.1109/bmeicon47515.2019.8990259 ◽

2019 ◽

Author(s):

Tanapat Autaiem ◽

Supatana Auethavekiat ◽

Peera Arreesrisom ◽

Noppadol Prasertsincharoen ◽

Khajornpong Nakgoi ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Blood Cell ◽

Red Blood Cell ◽

Hough Transform ◽

Two Stage ◽

Circular Hough Transform ◽

Automatic Counting

Download Full-text

Performance of automated digital cell imaging analyzer Sysmex DI-60

Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine (CCLM) ◽

10.1515/cclm-2017-0132 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 56 (1) ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Hyeong Nyeon Kim ◽

Mina Hur ◽

Hanah Kim ◽

Seung Wan Kim ◽

Hee-Won Moon ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Platelet Count ◽

Blood Cell ◽

White Blood Cell ◽

Red Blood Cell ◽

Cell Imaging ◽

Platelet Counts ◽

Manual Count ◽

Manual Counting ◽

Highly Correlated

AbstractBackground:The Sysmex DI-60 system (DI-60, Sysmex, Kobe, Japan) is a new automated digital cell imaging analyzer. We explored the performance of DI-60 in comparison with Sysmex XN analyzer (XN, Sysmex) and manual count.Methods:In a total of 276 samples (176 abnormal and 100 normal samples), white blood cell (WBC) differentials, red blood cell (RBC) classification and platelet (PLT) estimation by DI-60 were compared with the results by XN and/or manual count. RBC morphology between pre-classification and verification was compared according to the ICSH grading criteria. The manual count was performed according to the Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute guidelines (H20-A2).Results:The overall concordance between DI-60 and manual count for WBCs was 86.0%. The agreement between DI-60 pre-classification and verification was excellent (weighted κ=0.963) for WBC five-part differentials. The correlation with manual count was very strong for neutrophils (r=0.955), lymphocytes (r=0.871), immature granulocytes (r=0.820), and blasts (r=0.879). RBC grading showed notable differences between DI-60 and manual counting on the basis of the ICSH grading criteria. Platelet count by DI-60 highly correlated with that by XN (r=0.945). However, DI-60 underestimated platelet counts in samples with marked thrombocytosis.Conclusions:The performance of DI-60 for WBC differential, RBC classification, and platelet estimation seems to be acceptable even in abnormal samples with improvement after verification. DI-60 would help optimize the workflow in hematology laboratory with reduced manual workload.

Download Full-text

Institutional Red Blood Cell Transfusion Rates Are Correlated Following Endovascular and Surgical Cardiovascular Procedures: Evidence That Local Culture Influences Transfusion Decisions

Journal of the American Heart Association ◽

10.1161/jaha.119.016232 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 9 (22) ◽

Author(s):

Eirini Apostolidou ◽

Dhaval Kolte ◽

Kevin F. Kennedy ◽

Charles E. Beale ◽

J. Dawn Abbott ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Aortic Valve ◽

Aortic Valve Replacement ◽

Blood Cell ◽

Valve Replacement ◽

Red Blood Cell ◽

Coronary Revascularization ◽

Red Blood Cell Transfusion ◽

Surgical Aortic Valve Replacement ◽

Vascular Intervention ◽

Highly Correlated

Background The relationship between local hospital culture and transfusion rates following endovascular and surgical cardiovascular procedures has not been well studied. Methods and Results Patients undergoing coronary revascularization, aortic valve replacement, lower extremity peripheral vascular intervention, or carotid artery revascularization from up to 852 US hospitals in the Nationwide Readmissions Database were identified. Crude and risk‐standardized red blood cell transfusion rates were determined for each procedure. Pearson correlation coefficients were calculated between respective procedural transfusion rates. Median odds ratios were estimated to reflect between‐hospital variability in red blood cell transfusion rates following the same procedure for a given patient. There was wide variation in red blood cell transfusion rates across different procedures, from 2% following carotid endarterectomy to 29% following surgical aortic valve replacement. For surgical and endovascular modalities, transfusion rates at the same hospital were highly correlated for aortic valve replacement ( r =0.67; P <0.001), moderately correlated for coronary revascularization ( r =0.56; P <0.001) and peripheral vascular intervention ( r =0.51; P <0.001), and weakly correlated for carotid artery revascularization ( r =0.19, P <0.001). Median odds ratios were all >2, highest for coronary artery bypass graft surgery and surgical aortic valve replacement, indicating substantial site variation in transfusion rates. Conclusions After adjustment for patient‐related factors, wide variation in red blood cell transfusion rates remained across surgical and endovascular procedures employed for the same cardiovascular condition. Transfusion rates following these procedures are highly correlated at individual hospitals and vary widely across hospitals. In aggregate, these findings suggest that local institutional culture significantly influences the decision to transfuse following invasive cardiovascular procedures and highlight the need for randomized data to inform such decisions.

Download Full-text

An in vivo assessment of the use of Haematopan B12 in the treatment of experimentally induced anaemia in domestic rabbits.

Nigerian Journal of Animal Production ◽

10.51791/njap.v32i2.1236 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 32 (2) ◽

pp. 301-307

Author(s):

A. A. Adedapo ◽

A. B. Saba ◽

O.A. Dina

Keyword(s):

Blood Cell ◽

Red Blood Cell ◽

Study Group ◽

Group A ◽

Domestic Rabbits ◽

Group B ◽

Hb Concentration ◽

In Vivo Assessment ◽

Rbc Count

A total of 15 domestic rabbits divided into 3 groups of 5 animals per group were used in this study Group A animals (control) were not bled but those in groups B and C were bled to induce anaemia. Group B were left to recover by normal haemopoiesis while those in group C were treated with Hematopan B12*, a commercially prepared haematinic. The post-bleeding treatment haematologic values were obtained at given intervals (7 days) and compared with the pre-bleeding values earlier obtained. The result of this study showed that the group B animals recovered gradually by physiologic haemopoeisis while animals in group C showed accelerated recovery since these animals had a better and faster response in terms of white blood cell (WBC), red blood cell (RBC) count and haemoglobin (Hb) concentration. Thus Haematopan B12 is an effective haematinic.

Download Full-text

Spurious Red Blood Cell Parameters Due to Serum Cold Agglutinins: Observations on Ortho ELT-8® Cell Counter

American Journal of Clinical Pathology ◽

10.1093/ajcp/83.2.218 ◽

1985 ◽

Vol 83 (2) ◽

pp. 218-222 ◽

Cited By ~ 7

Author(s):

Dilip L. Solanki ◽

Betty C. Blackburn

Keyword(s):

Blood Cell ◽

Red Blood Cell ◽

Cold Agglutinins ◽

Cell Parameters ◽

Cell Counter

Download Full-text

Control of red blood cell mass in spaceflight

Journal of Applied Physiology ◽

10.1152/jappl.1996.81.1.98 ◽

1996 ◽

Vol 81 (1) ◽

pp. 98-104 ◽

Cited By ~ 160

Author(s):

C. P. Alfrey ◽

M. M. Udden ◽

C. Leach-Huntoon ◽

T. Driscoll ◽

M. H. Pickett

Keyword(s):

Bone Marrow ◽

Blood Cell ◽

Plasma Volume ◽

Red Blood Cell ◽

Cell Mass ◽

Hemoglobin Concentration ◽

Microgravity Environment ◽

Vascular Space ◽

Serum Erythropoietin ◽

Rbc Count

The effect of spaceflight on red blood cell mass (RBCM), plasma volume (PV), erythron iron turnover, serum erythropoietin, and red blood cell (RBC) production and survival and indexes were determined for six astronauts on two shuttle missions, 9 and 14 days in duration, respectively. PV decreased within the first day. RBCM decreased because of destruction of RBCs either newly released or scheduled to be released from the bone marrow. Older RBCs survived normally. On return to Earth, plasma volume increased, hemoglobin concentration and RBC count declined, and serum erythropoietin increased. We propose that entry into microgravity results in acute plethora as a result of a decrease in vascular space. PV decreases, causing an increase in hemoglobin concentration that effects a decrease in erythropoietin or other growth factors or cytokines. The RBCM decreases by destruction of recently formed RBCs to a level appropriate for the microgravity environment. Return to Earth results sequentially in acute hypovolemia as vascular space dependent on gravity is refilled, an increase in plasma volume, a decrease in hemoglobin concentration (anemia), and an increase in serum erythropoietin.

Download Full-text

Haematological Parameters Associated with Malaria and Its Controls

Journal of Advances in Medicine and Medical Research ◽

10.9734/jammr/2019/v30i230172 ◽

2019 ◽

pp. 1-13

Author(s):

Ussher Abeku Francis ◽

Amiteye Daniel

Keyword(s):

Blood Cell ◽

Sample Size ◽

Age Groups ◽

Haematological Parameters ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Counter Machine ◽

Haematological Profile ◽

Initiation Of Therapy ◽

Cell Counter ◽

Rbc Count

Aims: This research aimed to evaluate the haematological parameters associated with malaria and its controls. Materials and Methods: A convenient cross-sectional technique was used for the study for which the sample size was determined by using the formula; n= Z² (P) (1-P) / (A) ². The haematological profile was performed using the Sysmex 2000i automated blood cell counter machine. Results and Discussion: The erythrocyte profiles (RBC, HB, HCT, RDW-SD and RDW-CV) are highly affected by malaria, whereas MCH, MCHC, and MCV did not show significant variations between the positive malaria cases and negative malaria cases. Means of haemoglobin concentrations, RBC count and HCT values for cases with positive malaria were significantly lower than negative malaria cases and controls for all the age groups and sexes. Conclusion: The study showed that there were haematological profiles between the positive and negative malaria cases and this can be used in conjunction with clinical and microscopic parameters to heighten the suspicion of malaria as well as prompt initiation of therapy for diagnosing malaria.

Download Full-text

Oral Treatment with PBI-1402 Increases Hemoglobin Level and Red Blood Cell Count: A Novel Approach to Treating Chemotherapy-Induced Anemia.

Blood ◽

10.1182/blood.v110.11.2211.2211 ◽

2007 ◽

Vol 110 (11) ◽

pp. 2211-2211 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Lyne Gagnon ◽

Jean Barabe ◽

Christopher Penney ◽

Denis-Claude Roy ◽

Vladimir Kovcin ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Side Effects ◽

Blood Cell ◽

Red Blood Cell ◽

Oral Treatment ◽

Open Label ◽

Novel Therapy ◽

Synthetic Compound ◽

Phase Ib ◽

Clinical Phase ◽

Rbc Count

Abstract Background: PBI-1402 is a novel orally active low molecular weight synthetic compound with erythropoiesis stimulating activity. Furthermore, a clinical phase I study showed that PBI-1402 induced a significant increase (100%, p < 0.0001, compared to placebo) of relative and absolute reticulocyte count in healthy volunteers after 21 days of oral treatment and was devoid of significant side effects. Outcomes: The objectives of this clinical phase Ib/II trial were to study the safety and tolerability of PBI-1402 and to assess its biological efficacy on hemoglobin (Hb) level and red blood cell (RBC) count in patients with Chemotherapy-Induced Anemia (CIA). Methods: An open label phase Ib/II trial, monitored by a US CRO (Pharm-Olam International), was conducted in patients developing anemia after chemotherapy treatment. Three cohorts of 6 CIA patients received 8 weeks of treatment with PBI-1402 once a day, at different doses, and were monitored every two weeks for safety, tolerability, Hb level, RBC count and blood chemistry. Patients remained on their chemotherapy during PBI-1402 treatment. Results: To date, 12 CIA patients have completed their PBI-1402 treatment. 83% of patients demonstrated a significant increase in RBC (p = 0.015) and 66% in Hb (p = 0.038). Among the responders, the mean Hb increase was 1.1 g/dL (p = 0.0007) from a baseline Hb value of 9.8 g/dL. No patient required a blood transfusion and only one patient had an Hb content below 9 g/dL (8.9 g/dL). PBI-1402 was well tolerated and no significant side effects were observed. Conclusion: PBI-1402, via a mechanism of action distinct from erythropoietin, induced sufficient erythropoiesis to raise the RBC level and Hb in CIA patients. In addition, PBI-1402 is safe and well tolerated. PBI-1402 offers the potential for a novel therapy of the anemia of CIA.

Download Full-text