scholarly journals Surface drainage in leveled land: Implication of slope

Author(s):  
Antoniony S. Winkler ◽  
Jaqueline T. da Silva ◽  
José M. B. Parfitt ◽  
Claudia F. A. Teixeira-Gandra ◽  
Germani Conceço ◽  
...  

ABSTRACT In the lowlands of Rio Grande do Sul, land leveling is mostly carried out with no slope for the purpose of rice production. In this environment, soils with a low hydraulic conductivity are predominant owing to the presence of a practically impermeable B-horizon near the surface. Land leveling leads to soil accommodation resulting in the formation of depressions where water accumulates after heavy rainfalls, subsequently leading to problems with crops implanted in succession to rice, such as soybeans. The objective of this research was to quantify the areas and volumes of water accumulation in soil as a function of the slope of land leveling. Five typical leveled lowland areas were studied as a part of this research. The original areas presented slopes of 0, 0.20, 0.25, 0.28 and 0.40%, which were used to generate new digital elevation models with slopes between 0 and 0.5%. These newly generated digital models were used to map the depressions with surface water storage. In conclusion, land leveling with slopes higher than 0.1% is recommended to minimize problems with superficial water storage in rice fields.

Irriga ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 23 (4) ◽  
pp. 679-696
Author(s):  
Ricardo Benetti Rosso ◽  
Marcia Xavier Peiter ◽  
Adroaldo Dias Robaina ◽  
Rogério Ricalde Torres ◽  
Jardel Henrique Kirchner

USO DE CAMALHÕES DE BASE LARGA PARA A VIABILIZAÇÃO DO CULTIVO DE SOJA EM TERRAS BAIXAS     RICARDO BENETTI ROSSO1; MARCIA XAVIER PEITER2; ADROALDO DIAS ROBAINA3; ROGÉRIO RICALDE TORRES4 E JARDEL HENRIQUE KIRCHNER5   1Eng. Agrônomo, Doutor, Professor do Instituto Federal Catarinense, Campus Concórdia, SC, Brasil, CEP: 89703-720, [email protected]. 2Eng. Agrônoma, Doutora, Professora Associada do Departamento de Engenharia Rural, UFSM, Santa Maria, RS, Brasil, CEP: 97195-000, [email protected]. 3Eng. Agrônomo, Doutor, Professor Titular do Departamento de Engenharia Rural, UFSM, Santa Maria, RS, Brasil, CEP: 97195-000, [email protected]. 4Eng. Agrônomo, Doutor, Professor do Instituto Federal de Educação, Ciência e Tecnologia do Rio Grande do Sul, Vacaria, RS, Brasil, CEP: 95219-899, [email protected] 5Eng. Agrônomo, Doutor, Professor do Instituto Federal de Educação, Ciência e Tecnologia do Rio Grande do Sul, Ibirubá, RS, Brasil, CEP: 98200-000, [email protected].     1 RESUMO   O estado do Rio Grande do Sul possui extensas áreas de terras baixas que são predominantemente ocupadas pela orizicultura que nos últimos anos vem enfrentando sérios problemas. A alternativa encontrada foi o cultivo de soja nestas áreas. Porém, estas áreas apresentam restrições físicas do solo, como por exemplo a má drenagem, que acarreta na elevação do nível freático próximo a superfície. Neste sentido, foi realizado um estudo com objetivo de avaliar a utilização de técnicas de drenagem, para viabilizar o cultivo de soja, através do rebaixamento do nível freático. Estas técnicas de drenagem são compostas pelos camalhões de base larga de 22,5; 15 e 7,5 m e a drenagem superficial. Como parâmetros de avaliação da eficiência no rebaixamento do nível freático foram utilizados os índices SEW30 SCmod e IDS, e também a produtividade e os componentes de produção da soja. Os resultados, demonstraram a eficiência do camalhão de base larga no rebaixamento do nível freático em comparação a drenagem superficial.  Assim recomenda-se a utilização de camalhões de base larga de 7,5 e 15 m para o cultivo de soja em terras baixas.   Palavras chave; drenagem, SEW30, nível freático, várzea.   ROSSO R. B.; PEITER M. X.; ROBAINA A. D.; TORRES R.R.; KIRCHNER J. H. USE OF BROAD BED FURROW FOR FEASIBILITY OF SOYBEAN CULTIVATION IN LOWLANDS     2 ABSTRACT   The state of Rio Grande do Sul has extensive lowland areas predominantly occupied by rice cultivation, which in recent years has been experiencing serious problems. The alternative found was to implement soybean cultivation in these areas. However, they present physical soil restrictions, such as poor drainage, which leads to elevation of the water table near the surface. In this sense, a study was carried out with the objective of evaluating the use of drainage techniques to enable soybean cultivation by lowering the water table. The drainage techniques were composed of a broad bed ridge of 22.5, 15 and 7.5 meters and surface drainage. SEW30, SCmod and IDS indices, as well the productivity and components of soybean production, were used as parameters for the evaluation of efficiency in lowering the water table. Among the broad bed ridges, 7.5 m wide and 15 m wide base were the most successful in the two harvests. Thus, the use of 7.5 and 15 m wide broad bed for cultivation of soybeans in lowlands is recommended.   Keywords: drainage, SEW30, water table, lowland.


Author(s):  
Daniel I. Carey

This chapter follows water through the hydrologic cycle in Kentucky and shows how water shapes the land and supports the life. It describes and quantifies precipitation, stream flow runoff, groundwater infiltration, and surface water storage in ponds, lakes, and wetlands. Water use and wastewater production and treatment are discussed. Suitability of soils and geology for septic systems are analyzed. Flooding and floodplain management issues are presented. The chapter illustrates our responsibility to maintain this vital resource for all life in the Commonwealth.


Ecohydrology ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (8) ◽  
Author(s):  
Peifeng Xiong ◽  
Zhifei Chen ◽  
Quan Yang ◽  
Junjie Zhou ◽  
He Zhang ◽  
...  

2009 ◽  
Vol 36 (9) ◽  
Author(s):  
Shin-Chan Han ◽  
Hyungjun Kim ◽  
In-Young Yeo ◽  
Pat Yeh ◽  
Taikan Oki ◽  
...  

1992 ◽  
Vol 28 (5) ◽  
pp. 1207-1219 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Mahendrarajah ◽  
P. G. Warr ◽  
A. J. Jakeman

2013 ◽  
Vol 7 (6) ◽  
pp. 6143-6170 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. S. Arnold ◽  
A. F. Banwell ◽  
I. C. Willis

Abstract. Seasonal meltwater lakes on the Greenland Ice Sheet form when surface runoff is temporarily trapped in surface topographic depressions. The development of such lakes affects both the surface energy balance and dynamics of the ice sheet. Although areal extents, depths, and lifespans of lakes can be inferred from satellite imagery, such observational studies have a limited temporal resolution. Here, we adopt a modelling-based strategy to estimate the seasonal evolution of surface water storage for the ~ 3600 km2 Paakitsoq region of W. Greenland. We use a high-resolution time dependent surface mass balance model to calculate surface melt, a supraglacial water routing model to calculate lake filling and a prescribed water-volume based threshold to predict lake drainage events. The model shows good agreement between modelled lake locations and volumes and those observed in 9 Landsat 7 ETM+ images from 2001, 2002 and 2005. We use the model to investigate the lake water volume required to trigger drainage, and the impact that this threshold volume has on the proportion of meltwater that runs off the ice supraglacially, is stored in surface lakes, or enters the subglacial drainage system. Model performance is maximised with prescribed lake volume thresholds between 4000 and 7500 times the local ice thickness. For these thresholds, lakes transiently store < 40% of meltwater at the beginning of the melt season, decreasing to ~ 5 to 10% by the middle of the melt season. 40 to 50% of meltwater runs off the ice surface directly, and the remainder enters the subglacial drainage system through moulins at the bottom of drained lakes.


2015 ◽  
Vol 4 ◽  
pp. 15-35 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fabrice Papa ◽  
Frédéric Frappart ◽  
Yoann Malbeteau ◽  
Mohammad Shamsudduha ◽  
Venugopal Vuruputur ◽  
...  

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