scholarly journals Selection of fungi with biocontrol potential against the black spot disease of papaya1

2017 ◽  
Vol 47 (4) ◽  
pp. 369-376 ◽  
Author(s):  
Janieli Maganha Silva Vivas ◽  
Silvaldo Felipe da Silveira ◽  
Pedro Henrique Dias dos Santos ◽  
Danilo Batista Pinho ◽  
Olinto Liparini Pereira
Keyword(s):  
Control Measure ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Black Spot ◽  
Its Region ◽  
Spot Disease ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Mycoparasitic Fungi ◽  
Wide Variability ◽  
Selection Of ◽  
Black Spot Disease

ABSTRACT The use of fungicides is the main control measure against the black-spot disease of papaya. The biological control is an alternative to that, being the selection of mycoparasitic fungi the first step in programs aiming at this kind of control. This study aimed to obtain and select fungi with potential to the biocontrol of the black spot disease of papaya. For this purpose, 24 isolates were collected from different regions and pathosystems, and then identified morphologically and by the ITS region sequencing. In order to evaluate the mycoparasite potential, two assessments, in a randomized block design, with three replications, were carried out in a shadehouse, being the obtained isolates inoculated on papaya leaves with black spot lesions. The average time for the appearance of mycoparasitism signs and the incidence of mycoparasitized black spot lesions were evaluated. Of the 24 isolates obtained, ten were from Hansfordia pulvinata, two from Lecanicillium lecaniium, two from Simplicillium lanossoniveum, one from Sarocladium implicatum and nine from Acremonium spp. A wide variability, concerning the mycoparasitism on black spot lesions, was observed, especially for the isolates H-611, H-613, H-614 and H-615, which showed the highest colonization averages. The results demonstrate that H. pulvinata has a great potential to be used as a biocontrol agent against Asperisporium caricae.

scholarly journals Selection of Mutant Japanese Pears Resistant to Black Spot Disease by Acute Irradiation of Gamma-rays

1994 ◽  
Vol 62 (4) ◽  
pp. 701-706 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kenji Murata ◽  
Kenichi Kitagawa ◽  
Testuo Masuda ◽  
Kosuke Inoue ◽  
Kazuo Kotobuki ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gamma Rays ◽  
Black Spot ◽  
Spot Disease ◽  
Acute Irradiation ◽  
Selection Of ◽  
Black Spot Disease

scholarly journals Prediction of genetic gain from selection indices for disease resistance in papaya hybrids

Revista CERES ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 59 (6) ◽  
pp. 781-786 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marcelo Vivas ◽  
Silvaldo Felipe da Silveira ◽  
Messias Gonzaga Pereira
Keyword(s):  
Powdery Mildew ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Black Spot ◽  
Efficient Procedure ◽  
Favorable Alleles ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Economic Weight ◽  
Selection Indices ◽  
Simultaneous Selection ◽  
Selection Of

In order to select superior hybrids for the concentration of favorable alleles for resistance to papaya black spot, powdery mildew and phoma spot, 67 hybrids were evaluated in two seasons, in 2007, in a randomized block design with two replications. Genetic gains were estimated from the selection indices of Smith & Hazel, Pesek & Baker, Williams, Mulamba & Mock, with selection intensity of 22.39%, corresponding to 15 hybrids. The index of Mulamba & Mock showed gains more suitable for the five traits assessed when it was used the criterion of economic weight tentatively assigned. Together, severity of black spot on leaves and on fruits, characteristics considered most relevant to the selection of resistant materials, expressed percentage gain of -44.15%. In addition, there were gains for other characteristics, with negative predicted selective percentage gain. The results showed that the index of Mulamba & Mock is the most efficient procedure for simultaneous selection of papaya hybrid resistant to black spot, powdery mildew and phoma spot.

scholarly journals COPPER OXYCHLORIDE APPLIED ALONE TO CONTROL CITRUS BLACK SPOT

2019 ◽  
Vol 32 (3) ◽  
pp. 616-624
Author(s):  
ANTONIO EDUARDO FONSECA ◽  
ANTONIO DE GOES ◽  
FERNANDA DIAS PEREIRA
Keyword(s):  
Control Measure ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Black Spot ◽  
Additional Treatment ◽  
Copper Oxychloride ◽  
Concentrated Suspension ◽  
Citrus Black Spot ◽  
Progress Curve ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Phyllosticta Citricarpa

ABSTRACT Citrus black spot (CBS) is a disease caused by the Phyllosticta citricarpa fungus that causes lesions in fruits and, in more severe stages, fruit drops. The use of systemic fungicides is the main control measure for CBS; however, an alternative control measure is the use of cupric fungicides applied alone with short intervals. Therefore, the objective of the present work was to evaluate the effect of applications of copper oxychloride at different rates on the control of CBS. The experiment was conducted in Bebedouro, SP, Brazil, in the 2014/2015 crop season, in a randomized block design, using a Citrus sinensis variety (Valencia). The treatments consisted of copper rates (zero - control; 31, 24.5, 18.5, 12.2, and 9.1 mg of metal copper per cubic meter of canopy) using copper oxychloride (concentrated suspension - CS; 588 g L-1 of copper oxychloride or 350 g L-1 of metal copper), and an additional treatment with application of a cupric fungicide (cuprous oxide) and a strobilurin fungicide. The applications were carried out with 14-day intervals, starting when 2/3 of the petals of the plant's flowers were fallen, totaling 14 applications. The incidence and severity of CBS were evaluated five times with 30-day intervals up to mid-November, when the fruits were harvested. The data were used to calculate the area under the disease progress curve (AUDPC). Applications of copper oxychloride CS at rates of 31 and 24.5 mg m-3 with 14-day intervals are efficient for the control of CBS, with similar efficiency to the farm standard treatment.

scholarly journals Selection of Mutants Resistant to Black Spot Disease by Chronic Irradiation of Gamma-rays in Japanese Pear 'Osanijisseiki'.

1997 ◽  
Vol 66 (1) ◽  
pp. 85-92 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tetsuo Masuda ◽  
Toji Yoshioka ◽  
Kosuke Inoue ◽  
Kenji Murata ◽  
Kenichi Kitagawa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gamma Rays ◽  
Black Spot ◽  
Japanese Pear ◽  
Chronic Irradiation ◽  
Spot Disease ◽  
Selection Of ◽  
Black Spot Disease

scholarly journals Testers for combining ability and selection of papaya hybrids resistant to fungal diseases

2011 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 36-42 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marcelo Vivas ◽  
Silvaldo Felipe da Silveira ◽  
Carlos Eduardo Pessanha da Silva Terra ◽  
Messias Gonzaga Pereira
Keyword(s):  
Disease Resistance ◽  
Disease Control ◽  
Combining Ability ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Genetic Resistance ◽  
Black Spot ◽  
Lesion Area ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Chocolate Spot ◽  
Selection Of

Genetic resistance represents a sustainable alternative to disease control in papaya crop. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the use of testers to estimate combining ability and select hybrids resistant to black spot, phoma spot and chocolate spot. The experiment was conducted in a randomized block design with two replications and 20 plants per plot. The severity of phoma spot and black spot on leaves and the lesion area of black spot and chocolate spot on fruits were evaluated in two seasons. The combining ability of the following crosses is negative for all traits: tester 'JS 12' with 'Sunrise Solo' and 'Kaphoro Solo PV'; tester 'Americano' with 'Caliman M5', 'Sunrise Solo', 'Baixinho de Santa Amália' and 'Waimanalo'; and tester 'Maradol' with 'Caliman G', 'Caliman AM' and 'Sunrise Solo PT'. These results may be useful in breeding for disease resistance by hybridization.

scholarly journals Selection of Bangka Local Rice Accession by Variability and Heritability Test

2017 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 56-67
Author(s):  
Gigih Ibnu Prayoga ◽  
Eries Dyah Mustikarini ◽  
Desti Pradika
Keyword(s):  
Block Design ◽  
Harvest Time ◽  
Parent Plant ◽  
Rice Accession ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Wide Variability ◽  
Good Potential ◽  
Seed Width ◽  
High Diversity ◽  
Selection Of

Selection of parent plant is the first step in hybridization activities. The parent plant usually come from germplasms because it has a high diversity and good potential. Testing the potential of germplasm can be done by variability and heritability test. The purpose of this research was to selection of parent plant for plant breeding activity based on the value of variability and heritability. The research was conducted at the Experimental Garden of Faculty of Agriculture, Fisheries, and Biology, Bangka Belitung University. The research used experimental methods by was Randomized Block Design (RBD) with 3 blocks. The treatment are 7 accessions is Grintil, Balok Runti, Mukud Besak, Mayang Curui, Payang Tebing, Balok Lutong and Balok Lukan Jintan. The results showed that there were character differences between 7 local rice accessions of Bangka. The 7 local rice accessions of  Bangka have high heritabilities value on The results showed that there were character differences between 7 local rice accessions of Bangka. The 7 local rice accessions of  Bangka have high heritabilities values for plant height, flowering time, long panicle, total empty grain, harvest time, long seed, seed width, weight of 1000 seeds, total seeds, and weight seed/plant. Wide variability was found in long seed character. Balok Runti and Payak Tebing were recommended as the parent plants for further breeding activities.

Caracterização da Peneira Média em Clones de Coffea canephora

REVISTA FIMCA ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 28-31
Author(s):  
Darlan Darlan Sanches Barbosa Alves ◽  
Victor Mouzinho Spinelli ◽  
Marcos Santana Moraes ◽  
Carolina Augusto De Souza ◽  
Rodrigo da Silva Ribeiro ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Improvement ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Coffea Canephora ◽  
Coffee Production ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Four Blocks ◽  
Selection Of

Introdução: O estado de Rondônia se destaca como tradicional produtor de café, sendo o segundo maior produtor brasileiro de C. canephora. No melhoramento genético de C. canephora, a seleção de plantas de elevada peneira média está associada à bebida de qualidade superior. Objetivos: O objetivo desse estudo foi avaliar a variabilidade genética de clones de C. canephora para o tamanho dos grãos, mensurado a partir da avaliação da peneira média (PM). Materiais e Métodos: Para isso, foi conduzido ao longo de dois anos agrícolas experimento no campo experimental da Embrapa no município de Ouro Preto do Oeste-RO, para a avaliação da peneira média de 130 genótipos (clones) com características das variedades botânicas Conilon, Robusta e híbridos intervarietais. O delineamento experimental utilizado foi de blocos ao acaso, com quatro repetições de quatro plantas por parcela. Resultados: Não houve resultados significativos para a interação clones X anos, indicando uma maior consistência no comportamento das plantas ao longo do tempo. Porém foram observadas diferenças significativas para o tamanho dos grãos entre os genótipos avaliados, possibilitando selecionar genótipos superiores. Conclusão: Os genótipos agruparam-se em cinco classes de acordo com o teste de média, subsidiando a caracterização de um gradiente de variabilidade da característica avaliada ABSTRACTIntroduction: Coffea canephora accounts for approximately 35% of the world's coffee production. The state of Rondônia stands out as a traditional coffee producer, being the second largest Brazilian producer of C. canephora. In the classical genetic improvement of C. anephora, the selection of plants of high average sieve is associated with a drink of superior quality. Objectives: The objective of this udy was to evaluate the genetic variability of Coffea canephora clones for the agronomic medium sieve (PM). Materials and Methods: The experiment was conducted in the experimental field of Embrapa, municipality of OuroPreto do Oeste-RO, located at coordinates 10º44'53 "S and 62º12'57". One hundred thirty genotypes (clones) of botanical characteristics Conilon, Robusta and intervarietal hybrids were evaluated in the agricultural years 2013-2014 and 2014-2015. The experimental design was a randomized block design with four blocks and four plants per plot, spacing 3.5 x 1.5 meters between plants. Results: Significant difference was found for the grain size. According to the F test, at 5% probability, the genotypes were grouped into five classes according to the mean test. Conclusion: The results obtained subsidized the characterization of a variability gradient of the evaluated trait.

scholarly journals Genetic parameters and estimated genetic gains in young rubber tree progenies

2013 ◽  
Vol 48 (4) ◽  
pp. 411-416 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cecília Khusala Verardi ◽  
Erivaldo José Scaloppi Junior ◽  
Guilherme Augusto Peres Silva ◽  
Lígia Regina Lima Gouvêa ◽  
Paulo de Souza Gonçalves
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Gain ◽  
Genetic Parameters ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Rubber Tree ◽  
First Year ◽  
Genetic Gains ◽  
Selection Gain ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Using Data ◽  
Selection Of

The objective of this work was to assess the genetic parameters and to estimate genetic gains in young rubber tree progenies. The experiments were carried out during three years, in a randomized block design, with six replicates and ten plants per plot, in three representative Hevea crop regions of the state of São Paulo, Brazil. Twenty-two progenies were evaluated, from three to five years old, for rubber yield and annual girth growth. Genetic gain was estimated with the multi-effect index (MEI). Selection by progenies means provided greater estimated genetic gain than selection based on individuals, since heritability values of progeny means were greater than the ones of individual heritability, for both evaluated variables, in all the assessment years. The selection of the three best progenies for rubber yield provided a selection gain of 1.28 g per plant. The genetic gains estimated with MEI using data from early assessments (from 3 to 5-year-old) were generally high for annual girth growth and rubber yield. The high genetic gains for annual girth growth in the first year of assessment indicate that progenies can be selected at the beginning of the breeding program. Population effective size was consistent with the three progenies selected, showing that they were not related and that the population genetic variability is ensured. Early selection with the genetic gains estimated by MEI can be made on rubber tree progenies.

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