scholarly journals Meiotic analysis of interspecific hybrids between Capsicum frutescens and Capsicum chinense

2017 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 159-163 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nádia Fernandes Moreira ◽  
Telma Nair Santana Pereira ◽  
Kellen Coutinho Martins
Keyword(s):  
Interspecific Hybrids ◽  
Capsicum Frutescens ◽  
Capsicum Chinense ◽  
Meiotic Analysis

scholarly journals Eficiencia de uso de nutrientes en ají tabasco (Capsicum frutescens L.) y habanero (Capsicum chínense Jacq)

2016 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 121 ◽  
Author(s):  
María Del Pilar Romero-Lozada ◽  
Cristian Felipe Enciso Murillo ◽  
Sandra Marcela Sandra Marcela Garcia ◽  
Juan José Wagner Guerrero ◽  
Yina Jazbleidi Puentes-Páramo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Capsicum Frutescens ◽  
Capsicum Chinense

<p>El manejo adecuado de la nutrición de un cultivo implica hacer un uso eficiente de los nutrientes. Por tanto, esta investigación tuvo como objetivo determinar la eficiencia agronómica (EA) y de recuperación del fertilizante (ERF) para nitrógeno, fósforo y potasio en ají habanero y ají tabasco y su influencia en el rendimiento. El diseño experimental consistió en bloques completos al azar con cuatro tratamientos y cuatro repeticiones.  Los tratamientos fueron T1: Testigo, T2: fertilización según el programa que maneja el Centro Experimental de la Universidad Nacional de Colombia (CEUNP) para N-P-K, T3: programa de fertilización de CEUNP + 50% y el T4: programa de fertilización de CEUNP + 100%. Para ají tabasco (<em>C. frutescens </em>L<em>.</em>) y habanero (<em>C. chinense </em>J.) el análisis de varianza dio diferencias altamente significativas (p&lt;0,001) por efecto de los tratamientos tanto para la eficiencia agronómica (EA) como de recuperación del fertilizante (ERF). Los resultados muestran que los mayores valores de EA y ERF para N-P-K en tabasco  se presentaron en el tratamiento T4, y en habanero se presentaron en el tratamiento T3, excepto para la ERF de fósforo.  Así, estos permiten observar que ají tabasco presenta bajas eficiencias agronómicas y de recuperación de nutrientes con respecto al tipo habanero. Los mejores rendimientos de tabasco y habanero se presentan en el T4 y los menores en el T1, lo que sugiere una clara influencia del genotipo.</p>

scholarly journals Identification of Resistance to Powdery Mildew in Chile Pepper

HortScience ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 54 (1) ◽  
pp. 4-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jack E. McCoy ◽  
Paul W. Bosland
Keyword(s):  
Powdery Mildew ◽  
Severe Infection ◽  
Capsicum Frutescens ◽  
Capsicum Chinense ◽  
Sources Of Resistance ◽  
Breeding Programs ◽  
Chile Pepper ◽  
Commercially Important ◽  
Chile Peppers ◽  
Capsicum Chacoense

Powdery mildew [Leveillula taurica (Lév.) Arn] is a fungus causing epidemics on chile peppers (Capsicum sp.) worldwide. It was first observed in New Mexico in the late 1990s and has been a reoccurring issue. During the 2017 growing season, environmental conditions were highly favorable for powdery mildew development and severe infection was observed. This provided a unique opportunity to identify novel sources of resistance in Capsicum to powdery mildew. In the present study, the incidence and severity of powdery mildew was evaluated for 152 chile pepper accessions comprising different cultivars and species. Major differences in disease severity and incidence were observed among the accessions. Of the 152 accessions, 53 were resistant, i.e., received a disease index (DI) score of ≤1. When examining across Capsicum species, 16 Capsicum annuum accessions, all 8 Capsicum baccatum, all 21 Capsicum chinense, 5 of 6 Capsicum frutescens, the Capsicum chacoense accession, and the Capsicum rhomboideum accession were resistant. These results provide several accessions with resistance that can be used in breeding programs. Especially important are the C. annuum resistant accessions, as this resistance can be more quickly incorporated into commercially important C. annuum cultivars as compared with interspecific hybridizations.

scholarly journals ‘Bhut Jolokia’—The World's Hottest Known Chile Pepper is a Putative Naturally Occurring Interspecific Hybrid

HortScience ◽  
2007 ◽  
Vol 42 (2) ◽  
pp. 222-224 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paul W. Bosland ◽  
Jit B. Baral
Keyword(s):  
Species Identification ◽  
Dna Markers ◽  
Interspecific Hybrid ◽  
Genetic Introgression ◽  
Capsicum Frutescens ◽  
Randomly Amplified Polymorphic Dna ◽  
Capsicum Chinense ◽  
Chile Pepper ◽  
Naturally Occurring ◽  
Bhut Jolokia

In replicated trials at Las Cruces, N.M., the Scoville heat units (SHUs) of ‘Bhut Jolokia’, a chile pepper from Assam, India, reached one million SHUs. Morphologic characters revealed that ‘Bhut Jolokia’ is a Capsicum chinense Jacq. cultivar. Molecular analysis with randomly amplified polymorphic DNA markers confirmed the species identification and, interestingly, revealed that there may have been genetic introgression from Capsicum frutescens L. into ‘Bhut Jolokia’.

scholarly journals Meiotic analysis in induced tetraploids of Brachiaria decumbens Stapf

2011 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 43-49 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carine Simioni ◽  
Cacilda Borges do Valle
Keyword(s):  
Chromosome Segregation ◽  
Pollen Fertility ◽  
Interspecific Hybrids ◽  
Somatic Chromosome ◽  
Breeding Program ◽  
Meiotic Behavior ◽  
Brachiaria Decumbens ◽  
Meiotic Analysis ◽  
Chromosome Duplication

The meiotic behavior of three tetraploid plants (2n=4x=36) originated from somatic chromosome duplication of sexually reproducing diploid plants of Brachiaria decumbens was evaluated. All the analyzed plants presented abnormalities related to polyploidy, such as irregular chromosome segregation, leading to precocious chromosome migration to the poles and micronuclei during both meiotic divisions. However, the abnormalities observed did not compromise the meiotic products which were characterized by regular tetrads and satisfactory pollen fertility varying from 61.36 to 64.86%. Chromosomes paired mostly as bivalents in diakinesis but univalents to tetravalents were also observed. These studies contributed to the choice of compatible fertile sexual genitors to be crossed to natural tetraploid apomicts in the B. decumbens by identifying abnormalities and verifying pollen fertility. Intraespecific crosses should reduce sterility in the hybrids produced in the breeding program of Brachiaria, a problem observed with the interspecific hybrids produced so far.

scholarly journals INFLUÊNCIA DA PODA DE FORMAÇÃO SOBRE O CICLO FENOLÓGICO DE PIMENTEIRAS EM VASO

2017 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Renata Ranielly Pedroza Cruz ◽  
Ana Carolina Bezerra ◽  
Amadeu Pimentel Travassos ◽  
Eliane Nunes Da Silva ◽  
Fernando Luiz Finger ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Capsicum Frutescens ◽  
Capsicum Chinense

Este estudo teve como objetivo determinar o efeito da poda de formação sobre o ciclo fenológico de dois genótipos de pimenteira para fins ornamentais: Pirâmide Ornamental (Capsicum frutescens) e Biquinho(Capsicum chinense). A primeira poda foi realizada quando as plantas apresentavam quatro a cinco pares de folhas verdadeiras. Os cortes foram realizados logo após o primeiro par de folhas apicais completamente expandidas. Quando as plantas iniciaram as brotações laterais e estas já estavam com mais de 5 cm, foi realizada a segundapoda, retirando o excesso de brotações laterais e mantendo apenas aquelas mais vigorosas de forma a se obter os seguintes tratamentos: plantas com duas hastes, plantas com três hastes e plantas sem poda (controle). Durante a condução do experimento, as pimenteiras foram avaliadas quanto à precocidade, caracterizada pelo tempo compreendido entre o plantio e a comercialização. A poda retardou em 15 e 10 dias a precocidade dos genótipos Biquinho e Pirâmide Ornamental, respectivamente. No entanto, a fase de frutificação e maturaçãonão foram alteradas, com exceção do genótipo Biquinho conduzido em duas hastes que retardou em 5 dias a fase de maturação.

scholarly journals Determinação da atividade antioxidante das matrizes vegetais Capsicum chinense, Capsicum frutescens e Tripodanthus acutifolius

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 98-105
Author(s):  
Silvio Augusto Ortolan ◽  
Vanessa Caroline Hermes ◽  
Pâmela Silveira Pedroso ◽  
Valéria Louzada Leal ◽  
Bruna Tischer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxygen Radical ◽  
Oxygen Radical Absorbance Capacity ◽  
Capsicum Frutescens ◽  
Capsicum Chinense ◽  
Santa Cruz

Radicais livres podem gerar estresse oxidativo e causar danos celulares. O uso de antioxidantes naturais demonstram ser um importante mecanismo para retardar ou inibir esse processo de oxidação. Matrizes vegetais dos gêneros Capsicum e Tripodanthus apresentam metabólitos secundários com atividade antioxidante relatada. Foi avaliada a atividade antioxidante de oleoresinas das pimentas Capsicum chinense e Capsicum frutescens, e do extrato bruto da espécie Tripodanthus acutifolius, através do ensaio Oxygen Radical Absorbance Capacity (ORAC). As oleoresinas de C. chinense e C. frutescens apresentaram valores de 550,210 µmol TE/g amostra e 603,746 µmol TE/g amostra, respectivamente. A espécie T. acutifolius apresentou valores aproximadamente dez vezes superiores (5277,764 µmol TE/g amostra) às oleoresinas. Observou-se uma relação direta da presença de compostos fenólicos com a atividade antioxidante. O ensaio realizado pelo grupo de pesquisas gerou um procedimento operacional interno que pode ser seguido em novas pesquisas de interesse com matrizes vegetais, aprovado para utilização no Parque Científico e Tecnológico Regional da Universidade de Santa Cruz do Sul (TecnoUnisc).

scholarly journals Androgenic response of Capsicum interspecific hybrids and capsaicinoid characteristics of DH lines

2015 ◽  
Vol 60 (4) ◽  
pp. 50-59 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lubosława Nowaczyk ◽  
Magdalena Banach-Szott ◽  
Dorota Olszewska ◽  
Paweł Nowaczyk
Keyword(s):  
Anther Culture ◽  
Doubled Haploid ◽  
Dna Content ◽  
Interspecific Hybrid ◽  
Interspecific Hybrids ◽  
Simple Relationship ◽  
Capsicum Frutescens ◽  
Ripe Fruit ◽  
Capsicum Spp ◽  
Dh Lines

Summary In the research on induced androgenesis, eight groups of plants, the progeny of interspecific hybrid of Capsicum frutescens L. x C. annuum L., were used. Half of them were standard hard-flesh forms, while the others have represented SS or Ss genotype conditioning the soft flesh of ripe fruit. Anthers from the plants of six groups produced mixoploid callus and the DNA content ranged from 1C to 16C. Three groups formed embryos which converted into plants. The total number of regenerants was 19, included both androgenic haploids (13) and diploids (6). The results did not allow to present the simple relationship between the physiological feature of soft-flesh and the effectiveness of androgenesis. Pungent, soft-flesh genotypes appeared as a poor responsive in anther culture. The R2 and R3 generation of two soft-flesh diploids, evaluated in two-year experiments, showed full phenotypic uniformity, proofing the androgenic origin of diploids. These DH lines were different with regard to capsaicinoid profiles. The content of capsaicinoids ranged from 0.056 to 2.170 and from 0.019 to 1.610 g*kg-1 for capsaicin and dihydrocapsaicin, respectively. The highest concentration of the compounds was observed in the placenta. Although the androgenic effectiveness was not fully satisfactory, the doubled haploid technology can be used for the rapid genetic stabilization of soft-flesh Capsicum spp. recombinants and the special attention should be paid to the spontaneous androdiploids.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document