scholarly journals Cutaneous histoplasmosis disclosing an HIV-infection

2013 ◽  
Vol 88 (3) ◽  
pp. 420-423 ◽  
Author(s):  
Silvio Alencar Marques ◽  
Maria Regina Cavariani Silvares ◽  
Rosangela Maria Pires de Camargo ◽  
Mariangela Esther Alencar Marques
Keyword(s):  
Antiretroviral Therapy ◽  
Hiv Infection ◽  
Disease Process ◽  
Systemic Mycosis ◽  
Cutaneous Lesions ◽  
Cd4 Cell Count ◽  
Opportunistic Disease ◽  
Cd4 Cell ◽  
Adult Male Patient ◽  
200Mg Daily

Histoplasmosis is a systemic mycosis endemic in extensive areas of the Americas. The authors report on an urban adult male patient with uncommon oral-cutaneous lesions proven to be histoplasmosis. Additional investigation revealed unnoticed HIV infection with CD4+ cell count of 7/mm3. The treatment was performed with amphotericin B, a 2065 mg total dose followed by itraconazole 200mg/daily plus antiretroviral therapy with apparent cure. Histoplasmosis is an AIDS-defining opportunistic disease process; therefore, its clinical diagnosis must drive full laboratory investigation looking for unnoted HIV-infection.

scholarly journals HIV Infection, Antiretroviral Therapy, and CD4+Cell Count Distributions in African Populations

2006 ◽  
Vol 194 (10) ◽  
pp. 1450-1458 ◽  
Author(s):  
Brian G. Williams ◽  
Eline L. Korenromp ◽  
Eleanor Gouws ◽  
George P. Schmid ◽  
Bertran Auvert ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antiretroviral Therapy ◽  
Hiv Infection ◽  
Cell Count ◽  
Cd4 Cell Count ◽  
African Populations ◽  
Cd4 Cell

scholarly journals Rapidly Progressive Disseminated Sporotrichosis as the First Presentation of HIV Infection in a Patient with a Very Low CD4 Cell Count

2017 ◽  
Vol 2017 ◽  
pp. 1-5
Author(s):  
Isis Cristine Morávia Ribeiro de Oliveira-Esteves ◽  
Guilherme Almeida Rosa da Silva ◽  
Walter de Araujo Eyer-Silva ◽  
Rodrigo Panno Basílio-de-Oliveira ◽  
Luciana Ferreira de Araujo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hiv Infection ◽  
Cell Count ◽  
Sporothrix Schenckii ◽  
Pulmonary Involvement ◽  
Animal Disease ◽  
Cutaneous Lesions ◽  
Cd4 Cell Count ◽  
Amphotericin B Deoxycholate ◽  
Cd4 Cell ◽  
Janeiro State

Sporotrichosis is a human and animal disease caused by species of theSporothrix schenckiicomplex. It is classically acquired through traumatic inoculation of fungal elements. Most frequently, sporotrichosis presents as a fixed cutaneous or as a lymphocutaneous form. A much smaller number of cases occur as cutaneous disseminated and disseminated forms. These cases require immediate diagnosis and management to reduce morbidity and mortality. We present the case of a 34-year-old male patient in whom the first presentation of HIV infection was a rapidly progressive sporotrichosis with multiple cutaneous lesions, a high fungal burden in tissues, and pulmonary involvement. He had an extremely low CD4 cell count (06/mm3). Treatment with amphotericin B deoxycholate led to complete clinical resolution. Sporotrichosis remains a neglected opportunistic infection among HIV-infected patients in Rio de Janeiro state, Brazil, and awareness of this potentially fatal infection is of utmost importance if treatment is not to be delayed and if potentially devastating complications are to be avoided.

scholarly journals Nocardia FarcinicaLung Abscess Presenting in the Context of Advanced HIV Infection: Spontaneous Resolution in Response to Highly Active Antiretroviral Therapy Alone

2009 ◽  
Vol 20 (3) ◽  
pp. e103-e106 ◽  
Author(s):  
Arienne S King ◽  
Jose G Castro ◽  
Gordon CK Dow
Keyword(s):  
Antiretroviral Therapy ◽  
Hiv Infection ◽  
Highly Active Antiretroviral Therapy ◽  
Opportunistic Pathogen ◽  
Cd4 Cell Count ◽  
Highly Active ◽  
Metastatic Infection ◽  
History Of ◽  
Cd4 Cell ◽  
The Impact

A 43-year-old man, known to be HIV-positive, presented with a six-week history of symptoms including cough, hemoptysis, anterior chest pain, fever and wasting. His CD4 cell count was 46 cells/μL, and his chest x-ray showed a cavitating lesion in the left upper lobe. Sputum culture was positive forNocardia farcinica. His infection resolved following initiation of antiretroviral therapy.Nocardiais an uncommon opportunistic pathogen in patients with HIV infection and is usually associated with advanced CD4 depletion, cavitary pneumonia, metastatic infection and high mortality. The impact of antiretroviral therapy onNocardiainfection in the setting of HIV has not been clearly elucidated. The current report is the first to present a case in which a complete clinical cure ofNocardiapneumonia has been documented, primarily in response to highly active antiretroviral therapy alone.

scholarly journals The benefit of immediate compared with deferred antiretroviral therapy on CD4+ cell count recovery in early HIV infection

AIDS ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 33 (8) ◽  
pp. 1335-1344 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shweta Sharma ◽  
Katherine E. Schlusser ◽  
Pola de la Torre ◽  
Giuseppe Tambussi ◽  
Rika Draenert ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antiretroviral Therapy ◽  
Hiv Infection ◽  
Cell Count ◽  
Cd4 Cell Count ◽  
Cd4 Cell ◽  
Count Recovery

CD4/CD8 ratio improvement in HIV-1-infected patients receiving dual antiretroviral treatment

2019 ◽  
Vol 30 (7) ◽  
pp. 656-662 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marta Monsalvo ◽  
Alejandro Vallejo ◽  
María Fontecha ◽  
María J Vivancos ◽  
Pilar Vizcarra ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hiv Infection ◽  
Ratio Increase ◽  
Related Factors ◽  
Cd4 Cell Count ◽  
Lower Baseline ◽  
Baseline Values ◽  
A Prospective Study ◽  
Aids Diagnosis ◽  
Cd4 Cell ◽  
Hiv 1

The CD4/CD8 ratio is an indirect marker of immune activation, immune senescence, and inflammation in HIV infection. We performed a prospective study of the CD4/CD8 ratio evolution in 245 virally-suppressed (median, 55 months) HIV-infected patients (29% females) who had switched to four dual antiretroviral regimens. At baseline, the median CD4/CD8 ratio was 0.71 (interquartile range, IQR, 0.46–0.97), associated with duration of HIV infection, nadir CD4+ cell count, and AIDS diagnosis. It was lower in the case of hepatitis C virus coinfection and cardiovascular disease (p = 0.09), but the ratio was higher in patients with chronic kidney disease, proteinuria, or osteoporosis. At 48 weeks, the median CD4/CD8 ratio increased by 3% (+0.02; IQR, –0.07, +0.09; p = 0.07); greater improvement was observed in patients with lower baseline ratios and previous AIDS diagnosis. The slope of increase was slower in patients with the highest baseline values. Also, there were no differences in the CD4/CD8 ratio increase according to type of dual regimen, after adjusting for baseline and HIV-related values. In conclusion, CD4/CD8 ratio increase is observed during suppressive dual regimens, and its extent is related to baseline values and previous HIV-related factors. Longer duration on antiretroviral therapy and drug toxicity could affect the evolution of this marker in the presence of comorbidities.

Failure to achieve a CD4+ cell count response on combination antiretroviral therapy despite consistent viral load suppression

AIDS ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 28 (6) ◽  
pp. 919-924 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jemma L. O’Connor ◽  
Colette J. Smith ◽  
Fiona C. Lampe ◽  
Teresa Hill ◽  
Mark Gompels ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Viral Load ◽  
Antiretroviral Therapy ◽  
Cell Count ◽  
Combination Antiretroviral Therapy ◽  
Viral Load Suppression ◽  
Cd4 Cell Count ◽  
Count Response ◽  
Cd4 Cell

Factors associated with late presentation of HIV infection in Catalonia, Spain

2012 ◽  
Vol 23 (7) ◽  
pp. 475-480 ◽  
Author(s):  
N Vives ◽  
D Carnicer-Pont ◽  
P Garcia De Olalla ◽  
N Camps ◽  
A Esteve ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hiv Infection ◽  
Late Presentation ◽  
Late Diagnosis ◽  
Cd4 Cell Count ◽  
Hiv Surveillance ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Cell Counts ◽  
Cd4 Cell Counts ◽  
Populations At Risk ◽  
Cd4 Cell

We sought to describe the prevalence, trends and factors associated with late diagnosis of HIV infection between 2001 and 2008 in Catalonia, Spain. Adults over 13 years of age with available CD4 cell counts, who were notified to the Catalonia Voluntary HIV Surveillance System between January 2001 and December 2008, were included in the study. Late presentation for HIV infection was defined as a CD4 cell count <350 cells/μL or with an AIDS-defining condition at presentation. Multivariable logistic regression was used to identify factors independently associated with late diagnosis of HIV. Of the 4651 newly diagnosed HIV-infected individuals with available CD4 counts, 2598 (55.9%) were diagnosed late. The proportion of people with a late diagnosis decreased from 60.4% in 2001 to 50% in 2008, a significant trend ( P < 0.001). Older age, male gender, foreign birth, heterosexuality and injecting drug use were independent risk factors for late diagnosis. Strategies to actively promote HIV testing to populations at risk of late diagnosis of HIV or those never attending health systems should be implemented.

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