scholarly journals Environmental exposure of commuters in Mexico City to volatile organic compounds as assessed by blood concentrations, 1998

2004 ◽  
Vol 46 (1) ◽  
pp. 32-38 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sharon Lemire ◽  
David Ashley ◽  
Patricia Olaya ◽  
Isabelle Romieu ◽  
Susan Welch ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Volatile Organic Compounds ◽  
Organic Compounds ◽  
Mexico City ◽  
Environmental Exposure ◽  
Blood Concentrations ◽  
Volatile Organic

Blood concentrations of volatile organic compounds in a nonoccupationally exposed US population and in groups with suspected exposure

1994 ◽  
Vol 40 (7) ◽  
pp. 1401-1404 ◽  
Author(s):  
D L Ashley ◽  
M A Bonin ◽  
F L Cardinali ◽  
J M McCraw ◽  
J V Wooten
Keyword(s):  
Volatile Organic Compounds ◽  
Organic Compounds ◽  
Reference Range ◽  
Industrialized Countries ◽  
Blood Concentrations ◽  
Health And Nutrition ◽  
Low Concentrations ◽  
Study Results ◽  
The Us ◽  
Volatile Organic

Abstract Exposure to certain volatile organic compounds (VOCs) commonly occurs in industrialized countries. We developed a method for measuring 32 VOCs in 10 mL of whole blood at low concentration. We used this method to determine the internal dose of these compounds in 600 or more people in the US who participated in the Third National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. From our study results, we established a reference range for these VOCs in the general population of the US. We found detectable concentrations of 1,1,1-trichloroethane, 1,4-dichlorobenzene, 2-butanone, acetone, benzene, chloroform, ethylbenzene, m,p-xylene, styrene, tetrachloroethane, and toluene in most of the blood samples of nonoccupationally exposed persons. The accuracy of VOC evaluations depends on the ability of investigators to make sensitive and reproducible measurements of low concentrations of VOCs and to eliminate all sources of interference and contamination.

Vertical profiles and receptor modeling of volatile organic compounds over Southeastern Mexico City

2006 ◽  
Vol 40 (27) ◽  
pp. 5125-5136 ◽  
Author(s):  
Henry Wöhrnschimmel ◽  
Claudia Márquez ◽  
Violeta Mugica ◽  
Werner A. Stahel ◽  
Johannes Staehelin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Volatile Organic Compounds ◽  
Organic Compounds ◽  
Mexico City ◽  
Receptor Modeling ◽  
Vertical Profiles ◽  
Volatile Organic

scholarly journals Emissions of volatile organic compounds inferred from airborne flux measurements over a megacity

2008 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 14273-14309 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. Karl ◽  
E. Apel ◽  
A. Hodzic ◽  
D. Riemer ◽  
D. Blake ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Volatile Organic Compounds ◽  
Eddy Covariance ◽  
Organic Compounds ◽  
Mexico City ◽  
Biomass Burning ◽  
Minor Role ◽  
Industrial Emissions ◽  
Tertiary Butyl ◽  
Volatile Organic ◽  
Flux Measurements

Abstract. Toluene and benzene are used for assessing the ability to measure disjunct eddy covariance (DEC) fluxes of Volatile Organic Compounds (VOC) using Proton Transfer Reaction Mass Spectrometry (PTR-MS) on aircraft. Statistically significant correlation between vertical wind speed and mixing ratios suggests that airborne VOC eddy covariance (EC) flux measurements using PTR-MS are feasible. City-average midday toluene and benzene fluxes are calculated to be on the order of 15.5±4.0 mg/m2/h and 4.7±2.3 mg/m2/h respectively. These values argue for an underestimation of toluene and benzene emissions in current inventories used for the Mexico City Metropolitan Area (MCMA). Wavelet analysis of instantaneous toluene and benzene measurements during city overpasses is tested as a tool to assess surface emission heterogeneity. High toluene to benzene flux ratios above an industrial district (e.g. 10–15) including the International airport (e.g. 3–5) and a mean flux (concentration) ratio of 3.2±0.5 (3.9±0.3) across Mexico City indicate that evaporative fuel and industrial emissions play an important role for the prevalence of aromatic compounds. Based on a tracer model, which was constrained by BTEX (Benzene/Toluene/Ethylbenzene/m,p,o-Xylenes) compound concentration ratios, the fuel marker methyl-tertiary-butyl-ether (MTBE) and the biomass burning marker acetonitrile (CH3CN), we show that a combination of industrial, evaporative fuel, and exhaust emissions account for >90% of all BTEX sources. Our observations suggest that biomass burning emissions play a minor role for the abundance of BTEX compounds (0–10%) in the MCMA.

scholarly journals Environmental exposure to volatile organic compounds is associated with endothelial injury

2022 ◽  
pp. 115877
Author(s):  
Daniel W. Riggs ◽  
Marina V. Malovichko ◽  
Hong Gao ◽  
Katlyn E. McGraw ◽  
Breandon S. Taylor ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Volatile Organic Compounds ◽  
Organic Compounds ◽  
Environmental Exposure ◽  
Endothelial Injury ◽  
Volatile Organic

scholarly journals Evaporative volatile organic compounds from gasoline in Mexico City: Characterization and atmospheric reactivity

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 ◽  
pp. 825-830 ◽  
Author(s):  
V. Mugica-Alvarez ◽  
C.A. Martínez-Reyes ◽  
N.M. Santiago-Tello ◽  
I. Martínez-Rodríguez ◽  
M. Gutiérrez-Arzaluz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Volatile Organic Compounds ◽  
Organic Compounds ◽  
Mexico City ◽  
Atmospheric Reactivity ◽  
Volatile Organic

scholarly journals Measurements and receptor modeling of volatile organic compounds in Southeastern Mexico City, 2000–2007

2010 ◽  
Vol 10 (18) ◽  
pp. 9027-9037 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. Wöhrnschimmel ◽  
M. Magaña ◽  
W. A. Stahel ◽  
S. Blanco ◽  
S. Acuña ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Volatile Organic Compounds ◽  
Organic Compounds ◽  
Mexico City ◽  
Weekend Effect ◽  
Receptor Modeling ◽  
Liquefied Petroleum Gas ◽  
Linear Regression Models ◽  
Vehicle Exhaust ◽  
Source Contributions ◽  
Volatile Organic

Abstract. Ambient samples of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) were measured between 2000 and 2007 in Southeastern Mexico City, quantifying 13 species (ethane, propane, propylene, butane, acetylene, pentane, hexane, heptane, benzene, octane, toluene, nonane, o-xylene). These time series were analyzed for long-term trends, using linear regression models. A main finding was that the concentrations for several VOC species were decreasing during this period. A receptor model was applied to identify possible VOC sources, as well as temporal patterns in their respective contributions. Domestic use of liquefied petroleum gas (LPG) and vehicle exhaust are suggested to be the principal emission sources, contributing together between 70% and 80% to the total of quantified species. Both diurnal and seasonal patterns, as well as a weekend effect were recognized in the modelled source contributions. Furthermore, decreasing trends over time were found for LPG and hot soak (−7.8% and −12.7% per year, respectively, p < 0.01), whereas for vehicle exhaust no significant trend was found.

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