scholarly journals Evaporative volatile organic compounds from gasoline in Mexico City: Characterization and atmospheric reactivity

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 ◽  
pp. 825-830 ◽  
Author(s):  
V. Mugica-Alvarez ◽  
C.A. Martínez-Reyes ◽  
N.M. Santiago-Tello ◽  
I. Martínez-Rodríguez ◽  
M. Gutiérrez-Arzaluz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Volatile Organic Compounds ◽  
Organic Compounds ◽  
Mexico City ◽  
Atmospheric Reactivity ◽  
Volatile Organic

Vertical profiles and receptor modeling of volatile organic compounds over Southeastern Mexico City

2006 ◽  
Vol 40 (27) ◽  
pp. 5125-5136 ◽  
Author(s):  
Henry Wöhrnschimmel ◽  
Claudia Márquez ◽  
Violeta Mugica ◽  
Werner A. Stahel ◽  
Johannes Staehelin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Volatile Organic Compounds ◽  
Organic Compounds ◽  
Mexico City ◽  
Receptor Modeling ◽  
Vertical Profiles ◽  
Volatile Organic

scholarly journals Emissions of volatile organic compounds inferred from airborne flux measurements over a megacity

2008 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 14273-14309 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. Karl ◽  
E. Apel ◽  
A. Hodzic ◽  
D. Riemer ◽  
D. Blake ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Volatile Organic Compounds ◽  
Eddy Covariance ◽  
Organic Compounds ◽  
Mexico City ◽  
Biomass Burning ◽  
Minor Role ◽  
Industrial Emissions ◽  
Tertiary Butyl ◽  
Volatile Organic ◽  
Flux Measurements

Abstract. Toluene and benzene are used for assessing the ability to measure disjunct eddy covariance (DEC) fluxes of Volatile Organic Compounds (VOC) using Proton Transfer Reaction Mass Spectrometry (PTR-MS) on aircraft. Statistically significant correlation between vertical wind speed and mixing ratios suggests that airborne VOC eddy covariance (EC) flux measurements using PTR-MS are feasible. City-average midday toluene and benzene fluxes are calculated to be on the order of 15.5±4.0 mg/m2/h and 4.7±2.3 mg/m2/h respectively. These values argue for an underestimation of toluene and benzene emissions in current inventories used for the Mexico City Metropolitan Area (MCMA). Wavelet analysis of instantaneous toluene and benzene measurements during city overpasses is tested as a tool to assess surface emission heterogeneity. High toluene to benzene flux ratios above an industrial district (e.g. 10–15) including the International airport (e.g. 3–5) and a mean flux (concentration) ratio of 3.2±0.5 (3.9±0.3) across Mexico City indicate that evaporative fuel and industrial emissions play an important role for the prevalence of aromatic compounds. Based on a tracer model, which was constrained by BTEX (Benzene/Toluene/Ethylbenzene/m,p,o-Xylenes) compound concentration ratios, the fuel marker methyl-tertiary-butyl-ether (MTBE) and the biomass burning marker acetonitrile (CH3CN), we show that a combination of industrial, evaporative fuel, and exhaust emissions account for >90% of all BTEX sources. Our observations suggest that biomass burning emissions play a minor role for the abundance of BTEX compounds (0–10%) in the MCMA.

scholarly journals Measurement report: Variability in the composition of biogenic volatile organic compounds in a Southeastern US forest and their role in atmospheric reactivity

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (20) ◽  
pp. 15755-15770
Author(s):  
Deborah F. McGlynn ◽  
Laura E. R. Barry ◽  
Manuel T. Lerdau ◽  
Sally E. Pusede ◽  
Gabriel Isaacman-VanWertz
Keyword(s):  
Volatile Organic Compounds ◽  
Organic Compounds ◽  
Growing Season ◽  
Mixing Ratio ◽  
Biogenic Volatile Organic Compounds ◽  
Mixing Ratios ◽  
Southeastern Us ◽  
Atmospheric Reactivity ◽  
Volatile Organic ◽  
The Impact

Abstract. Despite the significant contribution of biogenic volatile organic compounds (BVOCs) to organic aerosol formation and ozone production and loss, there are few long-term, year-round, ongoing measurements of their volume mixing ratios and quantification of their impacts on atmospheric reactivity. To address this gap, we present 1 year of hourly measurements of chemically resolved BVOCs between 15 September 2019 and 15 September 2020, collected at a research tower in Central Virginia in a mixed forest representative of ecosystems in the Southeastern US. Mixing ratios of isoprene, isoprene oxidation products, monoterpenes, and sesquiterpenes are described and examined for their impact on the hydroxy radical (OH), ozone, and nitrate reactivity. Mixing ratios of isoprene range from negligible in the winter to typical summertime 24 h averages of 4–6 ppb, while monoterpenes have more stable mixing ratios in the range of tenths of a part per billion up to ∼2 ppb year-round. Sesquiterpenes are typically observed at mixing ratios of <10 ppt, but this represents a lower bound in their abundance. In the growing season, isoprene dominates OH reactivity but is less important for ozone and nitrate reactivity. Monoterpenes are the most important BVOCs for ozone and nitrate reactivity throughout the year and for OH reactivity outside of the growing season. To better understand the impact of this compound class on OH, ozone, and nitrate reactivity, the role of individual monoterpenes is examined. Despite the dominant contribution of α-pinene to total monoterpene mass, the average reaction rate of the monoterpene mixture with atmospheric oxidants is between 25 % and 30 % faster than α-pinene due to the contribution of more reactive but less abundant compounds. A majority of reactivity comes from α-pinene and limonene (the most significant low-mixing-ratio, high-reactivity isomer), highlighting the importance of both mixing ratio and structure in assessing atmospheric impacts of emissions.

scholarly journals Environmental exposure of commuters in Mexico City to volatile organic compounds as assessed by blood concentrations, 1998

2004 ◽  
Vol 46 (1) ◽  
pp. 32-38 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sharon Lemire ◽  
David Ashley ◽  
Patricia Olaya ◽  
Isabelle Romieu ◽  
Susan Welch ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Volatile Organic Compounds ◽  
Organic Compounds ◽  
Mexico City ◽  
Environmental Exposure ◽  
Blood Concentrations ◽  
Volatile Organic

scholarly journals Measurements and receptor modeling of volatile organic compounds in Southeastern Mexico City, 2000–2007

2010 ◽  
Vol 10 (18) ◽  
pp. 9027-9037 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. Wöhrnschimmel ◽  
M. Magaña ◽  
W. A. Stahel ◽  
S. Blanco ◽  
S. Acuña ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Volatile Organic Compounds ◽  
Organic Compounds ◽  
Mexico City ◽  
Weekend Effect ◽  
Receptor Modeling ◽  
Liquefied Petroleum Gas ◽  
Linear Regression Models ◽  
Vehicle Exhaust ◽  
Source Contributions ◽  
Volatile Organic

Abstract. Ambient samples of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) were measured between 2000 and 2007 in Southeastern Mexico City, quantifying 13 species (ethane, propane, propylene, butane, acetylene, pentane, hexane, heptane, benzene, octane, toluene, nonane, o-xylene). These time series were analyzed for long-term trends, using linear regression models. A main finding was that the concentrations for several VOC species were decreasing during this period. A receptor model was applied to identify possible VOC sources, as well as temporal patterns in their respective contributions. Domestic use of liquefied petroleum gas (LPG) and vehicle exhaust are suggested to be the principal emission sources, contributing together between 70% and 80% to the total of quantified species. Both diurnal and seasonal patterns, as well as a weekend effect were recognized in the modelled source contributions. Furthermore, decreasing trends over time were found for LPG and hot soak (−7.8% and −12.7% per year, respectively, p < 0.01), whereas for vehicle exhaust no significant trend was found.

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