scholarly journals Leishmania infection and host-blood feeding preferences of phlebotomine sandflies and canine leishmaniasis in an endemic European area, the Algarve Region in Portugal

2013 ◽  
Vol 108 (4) ◽  
pp. 481-487 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carla Maia ◽  
Lidia Dionisio ◽  
Maria Odete Afonso ◽  
Luis Neto ◽  
Jose Manuel Cristovao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Feeding ◽  
Canine Leishmaniasis ◽  
Leishmania Infection ◽  
Feeding Preferences ◽  
European Area ◽  
Phlebotomine Sandflies ◽  
Host Blood

Identification of Bloodmeals from Sand Flies (Diptera: Psychodidae) Collected in the Parque Nacional do Viruá, State of Roraima, Brazil

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bruno Leite Rodrigues ◽  
Glaucilene da Silva Costa ◽  
Paloma Helena Fernandes Shimabukuro
Keyword(s):  
Blood Feeding ◽  
Sand Flies ◽  
Feeding Preferences ◽  
Light Traps ◽  
Dasypus Novemcinctus ◽  
Search Tool ◽  
Vertebrate Hosts ◽  
Host Blood ◽  
Clustering Pattern ◽  
Species Being

Abstract The transmission of pathogens that cause leishmaniases occurs by the bite of female sand flies (Diptera: Psychodidae) in their vertebrate hosts, which makes the identification of their bloodmeal sources an important step for the control and epidemiology of these diseases. In Brazil, the state of Roraima has a great diversity of sand flies, vertebrate hosts, and protozoan Leishmania, but little is known about the host blood-feeding preferences of sand flies. Thus, we evaluated the bloodmeal sources of sand flies collected from their sylvatic habitats in Parque Nacional do Viruá, Roraima. Fieldwork was carried-out between 13th and 18th August 2019 using CDC light traps. Sand flies were slide-mounted and morphologically identified using the head and last segments of the abdomen. Engorged females had their DNA extracted, followed by amplification and sequencing of the cytochrome b (cytb) molecular marker for vertebrates. Sequences were analyzed and compared with those from GenBank using the BLASTn search tool, in addition to the reconstruction of a phylogenetic tree to demonstrate the clustering pattern of these sequences. A total of 1,209 sand flies were identified, comprising 20 species, in which the most abundant were Psychodopygus ayrozai (Barretto and Coutinho) (42.10%) and Psychodopygus chagasi (Costa Lima) (26.22%). Bloodmeal source identification was successfully performed for 34 sand flies, that confirm four vertebrate species, being the most abundant the armadillo Dasypus novemcinctus Linnaeus, 1758 (Cingulata: Dasypodidae).

scholarly journals Role of Circulating Immune Complexes in the Pathogenesis of Canine Leishmaniasis: New Players in Vaccine Development

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 712
Author(s):  
Cristina Cacheiro-Llaguno ◽  
Nuria Parody ◽  
Marta R. Escutia ◽  
Jerónimo Carnés
Keyword(s):  
Immune Complexes ◽  
Vaccine Development ◽  
Correct Diagnosis ◽  
Circulating Immune Complexes ◽  
Response To Treatment ◽  
Canine Leishmaniasis ◽  
Leishmania Infection ◽  
Serum Samples ◽  
Humoral Immune

During canine visceral leishmaniasis (CanL), due to Leishmania infantum (L. infantum), uncontrolled infection leads to a strong humoral immune response. As a consequence of the production of high antibody levels and the prolonged presence of parasite antigens, circulating immune complexes (CIC) are formed, which can be deposited in certain organs and tissues, inducing vasculitis, uveitis, dermatitis and especially glomerulonephritis and renal failure. A method to detect CIC and quantify their levels in serum samples from dogs infected with L. infantum has been recently described. It allowed demonstration of a correlation between CIC levels and disease severity. Thus, CIC measurement may be useful for diagnosis, assessment of disease progression and monitoring response to treatment. This is an interesting finding, considering that there remains an urgent need for identification of novel biomarkers to achieve a correct diagnosis and for optimal disease staging of dogs suffering from Leishmania infection. The objective of the present review is to shed light on the role of CIC in CanL, as well as to highlight their potential use not only as diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers but also as a valuable tool in vaccine development and new immunotherapy strategies to prevent or control disease outcome.

scholarly journals Identification of trypanosomatids and blood feeding preferences of phlebotomine sand fly species common in Sicily, Southern Italy

PLoS ONE ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (3) ◽  
pp. e0229536 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jessica Maria Abbate ◽  
Carla Maia ◽  
André Pereira ◽  
Francesca Arfuso ◽  
Gabriella Gaglio ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Southern Italy ◽  
Blood Feeding ◽  
Sand Fly ◽  
Feeding Preferences

scholarly journals Presence of Leishmania amastigotes in peritoneal fluid of a dog with leishmaniasis from Alagoas, Northeast Brazil

2006 ◽  
Vol 48 (4) ◽  
pp. 219-221 ◽  
Author(s):  
Filipe Dantas-Torres
Keyword(s):  
Bone Marrow ◽  
Lymph Node ◽  
Peritoneal Fluid ◽  
Skin Ulcer ◽  
Popliteal Lymph Node ◽  
Canine Leishmaniasis ◽  
Leishmania Infection ◽  
Intracellular Amastigotes ◽  
Skin Ulcers ◽  
Loss Of Weight

The goal of this short communication is to report the uncommon presence of intracellular amastigotes of Leishmania in peritoneal fluid of a dog with leishmaniasis from Alagoas State, Brazil. Physical examination of an adult male rottweiler suspected to be suffering of leishmaniasis revealed severe loss of weight, ascitis, splenomegaly, moderately enlarged lymph nodes, onychogryphosis, generalized alopecia, skin ulcers on the posterior limbs, and conjunctivitis. Samples of bone marrow, popliteal lymph node, skin ulcer, and peritoneal fluid were collected and smears of each sample were prepared and stained with hematoxylin and eosin. Numerous amastigotes were detected in bone marrow, popliteal lymph node, and skin ulcer smears. Smears of peritoneal fluid revealed the unusual presence of several free and intracellular amastigotes of Leishmania. Future studies are needed to determine whether the cytology of ascitic fluid represents a useful tool for diagnosis Leishmania infection in ascitic dogs, particularly in those living in areas where canine leishmaniasis is enzootic.

scholarly journals Faunal distribution of fleas and their blood-feeding preferences using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays from farm animals and human shelters in a new rural region of southern Iran

2014 ◽  
Vol 40 (1) ◽  
pp. 169-175 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammad Djaefar Moemenbellah-Fard ◽  
Bahador Shahriari ◽  
Kourosh Azizi ◽  
Mohammad Reza Fakoorziba ◽  
Jalal Mohammadi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Feeding ◽  
Farm Animals ◽  
Feeding Preferences ◽  
Rural Region ◽  
Southern Iran ◽  
Immunosorbent Assays ◽  
Faunal Distribution

Protection of dogs from bites of phlebotomine sandflies by deltamethrin collars for control of canine leishmaniasis

1997 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 105-111 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. KILLICK-KENDRICK ◽  
M. KILLICK-KENDRICK ◽  
C. FOCHEUX ◽  
J. DEREURE ◽  
M-P. PUECH ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Canine Leishmaniasis ◽  
Phlebotomine Sandflies

Epidemiological survey on Leishmania infection in red foxes (Vulpes vulpes) and hunting dogs sharing the same rural area in Southern Italy

2016 ◽  
Vol 61 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Diego Piantedosi ◽  
Vincenzo Veneziano ◽  
Trentina Di Muccio ◽  
Valentina Foglia Manzillo ◽  
Eleonora Fiorentino ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vulpes Vulpes ◽  
Southern Italy ◽  
Red Fox ◽  
Epidemiological Survey ◽  
Canine Leishmaniasis ◽  
Leishmania Infection ◽  
Red Foxes ◽  
Campania Region ◽  
Hunting Dogs ◽  
Human Visceral Leishmaniasis

AbstractSouthern Italy, particularly Campania region, is an area where canine leishmaniasis (CanL) and zoonotic human visceral leishmaniasis (VL) are endemic. The red fox (

scholarly journals Mating and starvation modulate feeding and host-seeking responses in female bed bugs, Cimex lectularius

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ahmed M. Saveer ◽  
Zachary C. DeVries ◽  
Richard G. Santangelo ◽  
Coby Schal
Keyword(s):  
Physiological State ◽  
Blood Feeding ◽  
Reproductive Fitness ◽  
Social Contexts ◽  
Cimex Lectularius ◽  
Starvation Period ◽  
Bed Bugs ◽  
Opposite Pattern ◽  
Host Seeking ◽  
Host Blood

AbstractReproductive fitness and survival are enhanced by adaptive behaviors that are modulated by internal physiological states and external social contexts. The common bed bug, Cimex lectularius, is an obligate hematophagous ectoparasite that requires host blood for growth, development, and reproduction. We investigated how mating, starvation and social interactions affect host-seeking, blood feeding, oviposition, and survival of female bed bugs. The percentage of females that fed and the amount of blood they ingested were greater in mated females (90–100%) than in unmated females (48–60%). Mating state also modulated the female’s orientation towards human skin odor in an olfactometer; more mated (69%) than unmated (23%) females responded to human odors. The response rate of unmated females (60%) to skin odor increased with longer starvation period, while the opposite pattern was observed in mated females (20%). Although fecundity after a single blood meal was unaffected by long or short residence and interaction with males, females subjected to frequent copulation attempts had lower survivorship and lifespan than females housed with males for only 24 h. Taken together, these results indicate that by adaptively and coordinately expressing behaviors based on the internal physiological state, females maximize their survival and reproductive fitness.

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