Factors influencing the place of delivery in the rural region of Labrousse, Hati

Objectives The objective of this study is to determine factors that influence the place of delivery in the rural region of Labrousse, Haiti Design This study employed a cross-sectional survey design to collect data using an anonymous interview guide comprising structured questions and made up of two parts: 1- Identification of personal and socio-cultural parameters. 2-Identification of the reasons for the place of the last childbirth. Setting The study was conducted fromSeptember to November 2017 in Notre-Dame of Lourdes of Labrousse community health center and the area catered to by it. Labrousse is a rural community located in the 3rd communal section of Miragoâne about 19 kilometers from the main road, in the department of Nippes. Participants The survey included 92 women aged 13–46 years, live in the area who had at least one birth in the last 1–3 years by the time of data collection. Results 75% of women gave birth to their last child at home. 76% of home births were assisted by a matron or traditional practitioner. age, religion, level of education of mothers and fathers, distance between home and health facility, availability of transportation and prenatal follow-up are significant factors (P <0.05) that influence the choice of delivery place. Conclusion Acting on the factors influencing the delivery place in Labrousse would make it possible to bridge this gap between the number of home births and the number of births in healthcare facility.

Juventudes na EJA: encontros e desencontros na trama escolar

Este artigo tem como objetivo analisar os encontros e desencontros dos sujeitos jovens-estudantes da Educação de Jovens e Adultos com a trama escolar. Compreende-se trama escolar como a rede de múltiplos saberes e experiências que se corporificam no entremeio dos fios tecidos no cotidiano escolar. Recorre a fragmentos de uma investigação realizada por meio do método etnográfico, em uma escola pública noturna da região agreste do Estado de Alagoas, por um período de dois anos, tendo como referência a seguinte questão: até que ponto a cultura escolar dialoga com as culturas juvenis no contexto da EJA? Para a coleta de dados fizemos uso de observações participantes e entrevistas etnográficas com um coletivo de jovens. O estudo evidenciou que os jovens-estudantes da EJA, participantes da pesquisa, utilizam tanto táticas que reinventam a cultura escolar e mobilizam as culturas juvenis, fortalecendo o sentimento de pertença ao lugar, como outras que perpetuam o discurso do não-lugar das juventudes [adolescentes] na EJA. Isto sinaliza a inexistência de unidade no que diz respeito aos modos como os jovens se veem nesse espaço. A imersão no cotidiano vivenciado pelos jovens revelou recorrências que insinuam ora aproximações/encontros, ora distanciamentos/desencontros entre os estudantes e a escola.Palavras-chave: Juventudes na EJA; Cotidiano; Culturas juvenis; Cultura escolar.Youths at EJA: encounters and disagreements in the school plotABSTRACTThis article aims to analyze the encounters and disagreements of the young-students of the Youth and Adult Education (EJA) with the school plot. School plot is understood as the network that embodies in the interweaving of the experiences lived in the daily school life. For this, it uses fragments of an investigation carried out using the ethnographic method, in a public night school in the rural region of the State of Alagoas, for a period of two years, taking as reference the following question: to what extent is there a dialogue between the culture of the school and the youth cultures in the context of EJA? For data collection, participant observations and ethnographic interviews were used with a group of young people. The study showed that the Young EJA students, research participants, use both tactics that reinvente school culture and mobilize youth cultures, strengthening the feeling of belonging to the place, as others that perpetuate the discourse of non-place of youth (teenagers) in EJA. This signals the lack of unity with regard to the ways in which young people see themselves in this space. The immersion in the daily life experienced by young people highlited recurrences that suggest at times similarities/encounters, at other times distances/disagreements between students and the school.Keywords: Youths at EJA; Daily routine; Youth cultures; School culture.Juventudes em la EJA: encuentros y desencuentros em la trama escolarRESUMENEste artículo tiene como objetivo analizar los encuentros y desencuentros de los sujetos jóvenes estudiantes de la Educación de Jóvenes y adultos con la trama escolar. Se comprende por trama escolar la red que se corporifica en el entremedio de los entretejidos del cotidiano escolar. Para eso recurre a fragmentos de una investigación realizada a través del método etnográfico en una escuela pública nocturna de la región agreste del Estado de Alagoas, por un período de dos años, teniendo como referencia la siguiente cuestión: ¿hasta qué punto la cultura escolar dialoga con las culturas juveniles en el contexto de la EJA? Para la recolección de datos hicimos uso de observaciones participantes y entrevistas etnográficas con un colectivo de jóvenes. El estudio evidenció que los jóvenes estudiantes de la EJA, participantes de la investigación, utilizan tanto tácticas que reinventan la cultura escolar y movilizan las culturas juveniles, fortaleciendo el sentimiento de pertenencia al lugar, como otras que perpetúan el discurso el no lugar de las juventudes [adolescentes] en la EJA. Esto señala la inexistencia de unidad en cuanto a las maneras como los jóvenes se ven en ese espacio. La inmersión en el cotidiano vivenciado por los jóvenes reveló recurrencia que insinúan ya sea acercamiento/encuentros o alejamientos/desencuentros entre los estudiantes y la escuela. Palabras clave: Juventudes en la EJA; Cotidiano; Culturas juveniles; Cultura escolar.

The State of Jefferson Secession Movement “Keepin’ it Rural”

The current “State of Jefferson” movement is comprised of residents of a large rural region encompassing much of Northern California and Southern Oregon, where many inhabitants claim the right to statehood. Since its origins in 1941, the State of Jefferson remains an obscure movement for most scholars and is simply labeled a regionalist movement. While Jefferson possesses every factor of a secession movement, including economic and socio-political variables, the complexity of its ideology and identity has not been studied. This study aimed to answer the question, “How do those who claim to represent the State of Jefferson secession movement describe Jeffersonian identity and characterize the ideology of the movement? Under the guidance of framing theory, which states that “media, as well as individuals, frame issues according to their own views and values” (M’Bareck 9), a content analysis of ten Facebook accounts was used to provide unfiltered and authentic rhetoric espoused by the movement. Results indicated that the movement is driven by agrarianism, possesses conservative, yet libertarian values, and embraces an ideology of Jeffersonianism reflected in the name of the state. While remaining closely tied to their ideology, Jeffersonian self-identification is also rooted in the rural nature of the region in which they reside.

Increasing doctors working in specific rural regions through selection from and training in the same region: national evidence from Australia

Background ‘Grow your own’ strategies are considered important for developing rural workforce capacity. They involve selecting health students from specific rural regions and training them for extended periods in the same regions, to improve local retention. However, most research about these strategies is limited to single institution studies that lack granularity as to whether the specific regions of origin, training and work are related. This national study aims to explore whether doctors working in specific rural regions also entered medicine from that region and/or trained in the same region, compared with those without these connections to the region. A secondary aim is to explore these associations with duration of rural training. Methods Utilising a cross-sectional survey of Australian doctors in 2017 (n = 6627), rural region of work was defined as the doctor’s main work location geocoded to one of 42 rural regions. This was matched to both (1) Rural region of undergraduate training (< 12 weeks, 3–12 months, > 1 university year) and (2) Rural region of childhood origin (6+ years), to test association with returning to work in communities of the same rural region. Results Multinomial logistic regression, which adjusted for specialty, career stage and gender, showed those with > 1 year (RRR 5.2, 4.0–6.9) and 3–12 month rural training (RRR 1.4, 1.1–1.9) were more likely to work in the same rural region compared with < 12 week rural training. Those selected from a specific region and having > 1-year rural training there related to 17.4 times increased chance of working in the same rural region compared with < 12 week rural training and metropolitan origin. Conclusion This study provides the first national-scale empirical evidence supporting that ‘grow your own’ may be a key workforce capacity building strategy. It supports underserviced rural areas selecting and training more doctors, which may be preferable over policies that select from or train doctors in ‘any’ rural location. Longer training in the same region enhances these outcomes. Reorienting medical training to selecting and training in specific rural regions where doctors are needed is likely to be an efficient means to correcting healthcare access inequalities.

FAZENDA CAPÃO DO BISPO: O ESQUECIMENTO DO PATRIMÔNIO HISTÓRICO NO AGLOMERADO URBANO.

Located on the banks of the main avenue that crosses the neighborhood of Del Castilho and its surroundings, in the northern part of the city of Rio de Janeiro, is one of the last examples of the rural colonial architecture of the State: Fazenda Capão do Bispo. This study seeks to present the history of the farm and discuss the change in its importance in the region and its trajectory in the immediate urban context, especially with regard to the importance of the USA as a good to be preserved. Originally based on a coffee-producing farm, not in the beginning of the 17th century, a property went through a fragmentation process due to sesmarias concessions and the growth of the central region of the city that induced a population to migrate towards the rural region. Listed by the National Historical and Artistic Heritage Institute in 1947. After years of tutelage by the IAB in 2011, there was a resumption of possession by the government, which has not yet promoted preservation actions. In contrast, the region continues to grow and the farm loses visibility in its surroundings. Then, as a result of this work, we seek, through the analysis of the Capão do Bispo Farm, demonstrating the importance of establishing preservation zones around listed assets, associated with the need for preservation of the city's memory by public administrators.