scholarly journals Absorção e acúmulo de cádmio e seus efeitos sobre o crescimento relativo de plantas de aguapé e de salvínia

2001 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 329-341 ◽  
Author(s):  
JURACI ALVES DE OLIVEIRA ◽  
JOSÉ CAMBRAIA ◽  
MARCO ANTONIO OLIVA CANO ◽  
CLÁUDIO PEREIRA JORDÃO
Keyword(s):  

A absorção e acúmulo de Cd e seus efeitos sobre o crescimento relativo foram estudados em aguapé (Eichhornia crassipes (Mart.) Solms) e salvínia (Salvinia auriculata Aubl.), em solução nutritiva. O aguapé absorveu quantidade significativamente maior de Cd do que a salvínia, tendo a diferença aumentado com o tempo de exposição ao Cd. O Km da absorção de Cd, estatisticamente igual nas duas espécies aquáticas quando as folhas contatavam a solução nutritiva, tornou-se maior em salvínia quando se impediu fisicamente que as folhas contatassem a solução de absorção. O Vmax de absorção de Cd, por outro lado, foi sempre maior em salvínia, independentemente do contato ou não das folhas com a solução nutritiva. A quantidade de Cd adsorvido e absorvido aumentou com a elevação da concentração de Cd na solução de cultivo, nas duas espécies estudadas, tendo sido maior em salvínia, possivelmente em razão da participação da parte aérea no processo de absorção. O acúmulo de Cd nas plantas, elevado nas primeiras 12 h de exposição, decresceu rapidamente com o tempo de exposição, estabilizando após três dias de exposição. Salvínia apresentou maior acúmulo diário de Cd por unidade de peso mas aguapé maior acúmulo total por unidade experimental. Os teores de Cd aumentaram com o aumento do tempo de exposição e da concentração de Cd na solução nutritiva, nas duas partes da planta das duas espécies, especialmente nas raízes. Cerca de 80% de todo o Cd absorvido acumulou-se nas raízes de aguapé, e a distribuição não foi afetada pelo contato das folhas com a solução nutritiva. Em salvínia, quando se impediu o contato das folhas com a solução nutritiva observou-se uma distribuição do Cd aproximadamente igual à de aguapé. Quando, porém, se permitiu o contato das folhas com a solução nutritiva a parte aérea passou a contribuir com quase 50% do Cd absorvido. As taxas de crescimento relativo decresceram intensamente com o aumento da concentração de Cd na solução nutritiva nas duas espécies aquáticas, especialmente em salvínia. As concentrações de Cd para promover redução de 25% no crescimento relativo foram, em média, doze vezes menores em salvínia do que em aguapé, em razão de sua maior sensibilidade a este metal pesado.

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 91-95 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jimmy Jimmy ◽  
Diah Indriani Widiputri ◽  
Paulus Gunawan

Eichhornia crassipes is well-known as water hyacinth. Water hyacinth grows rapidly in the nutrient-rich water and high light intensity places. The uncontrollable growth of water hyacinth has caused many negative impacts to the environment. For instance, interrupted water transport and decreased population of aquatic lives. The capacity of utilising water hyacinth is slower than water hyacinth growth and water hyacinth is still considered as a threat to theecosystem. This work was focused on the study of the pharmacological activity and heavy metal content of water hyacinth in Lake Cipondoh, Tangerang. Fresh water hyacinth was pre-treated through oven-drying and milling process. After that, each part of the plant was macerated by using multiple extraction method with 96% ethanol/water and three variations of sample-to-solvent ratios (1:30, 1:50, and 1:75 w/v). The result of the experiment showed thatwater hyacinth leaves produced an extract with lowest IC 50 (55.76 ± 6.73 ppm) compared toother parts. The most optimum solvent used to achieve this result was 96% ethanol/water (1:1 v/v). In order to obtain the lowest antioxidant activity, the sample to solvent ratio used was 1:50 and the heavy metal in the extract was very low. With this result, it was concluded that there is a promising opportunity to apply the water hyacinth growing in Lake Cipondoh, Tangerang as herbal medicine ingredient. Through this utilization, the overall number of water hyacinth in Indonesia can be reduced or at the least be controlled, so that the environmental problem caused by this plant can be minimized.


2010 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. 152-157 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhi-Yong ZHANG ◽  
Jian-Chu ZHENG ◽  
Hai-Qin LIU ◽  
Zhi-Zhou CHANG ◽  
Liu-Gen CHEN ◽  
...  

Author(s):  
Laís A. Nascimento ◽  
Marilda N. Carvalho ◽  
Mohand Benachour ◽  
Valdemir A. Santos ◽  
Leonie A. Sarubbo ◽  
...  

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-12
Author(s):  
Kannan Kilavan Packiam ◽  
Bharani Murugesan ◽  
Pavithra Mettupalayam Kaliyannan Sundaramoorthy ◽  
Harshini Srinivasan ◽  
Keerthika Dhanasekaran

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yanshan Zhong ◽  
Xiaodan Lu ◽  
Zhiwei Deng ◽  
Ziqing Lu ◽  
Minghui Fu

Abstract Background Glutamine synthetase (GS) acts as a key enzyme in plant nitrogen (N) metabolism. It is important to understand the regulation of GS expression in plant. Promoters can initiate the transcription of its downstream gene. Eichhornia crassipes is a most prominent aquatic invasive plant, which has negative effects on environment and economic development. It also can be used in the bioremediation of pollutants present in water and the production of feeding and energy fuel. So identification and characterization of GS promoter in E. crassipes can help to elucidate its regulation mechanism of GS expression and further to control its N metabolism. Results A 1232 bp genomic fragment upstream of EcGS1b sequence from E. crassipes (EcGS1b-P) has been cloned, analyzed and functionally characterized. TSSP-TCM software and PlantCARE analysis showed a TATA-box core element, a CAAT-box, root specific expression element, light regulation elements including chs-CMA1a, Box I, and Sp1 and other cis-acting elements in the sequence. Three 5′-deletion fragments of EcGS1b upstream sequence with 400 bp, 600 bp and 900 bp length and the 1232 bp fragment were used to drive the expression of β-glucuronidase (GUS) in tobacco. The quantitative test revealed that GUS activity decreased with the decreasing of the promoter length, which indicated that there were no negative regulated elements in the EcGS1-P. The GUS expressions of EcGS1b-P in roots were significantly higher than those in leaves and stems, indicating EcGS1b-P to be a root-preferential promoter. Real-time Quantitative Reverse Transcription-Polymerase Chain Reaction (qRT-PCR) analysis of EcGS1b gene also showed higher expression in the roots of E.crassipes than in stems and leaves. Conclusions EcGS1b-P is a root-preferential promoter sequence. It can specifically drive the transcription of its downstream gene in root. This study will help to elucidate the regulatory mechanisms of EcGS1b tissue-specific expression and further study its other regulatory mechanisms in order to utilize E.crassipes in remediation of eutrophic water and control its overgrowth from the point of nutrient metabolism.


Author(s):  
Tulika Tyagi ◽  
Mala Agarwal

Objective: To investigate the bioactive components of an invasive aquatic weed, Pistia stratiotes L. and Eichhornia crassipes (Mart.) Solms vegetative parts by using Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometer (GC-MS).Methods: The chemical compositions of the ethanol extract of whole plant Pistia stratiotes L. and Eichhornia crassipes (Mart.) Solms was investigated using Agilent Technologies GC-MS (GC-7890A, MS 5975C).Results: The results of GC-MS analysis of the ethanolic extract revealed the existence of 28 phytochemical compounds in Pistia stratiotes L. n-Hexadecanoic acid,-11-Hexadecenoic acid, ethyl ester, Hexadecanoic acid, ethyl ester, Octadecanoic acid, ethyl ester, 2-Cyclopenten-1-one, 5-hydroxy-2,3-dimethyl, L-Glutamine, 2-Pentadecanone, 6,10,14-trimethyl, Linolelaidic acid, methyl ester, 9,12,15-Octadecatrienoic acid, methyl ester,(Z,Z,Z), Nonadecane, 12,15-Octadecadiynoic acid, methyl ester, Hexadecanoic acid, 2-hydroxy-1-(hydroxymethyl)ethyl ester, Diisooctyl phthalate, Docosanoic acid, ethyl ester, Stigmasterol, Bis(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate, 1-Monolinoleoylglycerol trimethylsilyl ether, Ethyl iso-allocholate are the major compound.The ethanolic extract of Eichhornia crassipes (Mart.) Solms contains 43 phytochemical compounds of high and low molecular weight n-Hexadecanoic acid, E-11-Hexadecenoic acid, ethyl ester, Palmitic acid, Phytol, 9,12,15-Octadecatrienal, 9,12-Octadecadienoic acid, ethyl ester, Linolenic acid, ethyl ester, Stearic acid, ethyl ester, Hexadecanoic acid, 2-hydroxy-1-(hydroxymethyl)ethyl ester, α-Glyceryl linolenate, 1-Monolinoleoylglycerol trimethylsilyl ether, Linoleic acid, 2,3-bis-(O-TMS)-propyl ester, Stigmasterol, Linolelaidic acid, methyl ester, 9,12,15-Octadecatrienoic acid, ethyl ester, (Z,Z,Z), Ethyl iso-allocholate, Cholesta-22,24-dien-5-ol, 4,4-dimethyl are the major compounds.These results indicates Pistia stratiotes L. and Eichhornia crassipes (Mart.) Solms possess potent antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, anticancer, antitumour, antiarthritic, cancer preventive, antibacterial effects so can be recommended as a plant of phytopharmaceutical importance.Conclusion: The ethanol extract of Pistia stratiotes L. and Eichhornia crassipes (Mart.) Solms proves as a potential source of bioactive compounds of pharmacological importance.


Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document