scholarly journals Inheritance of reaction to Leveillula taurica (Lev.) Arn. in Capsicum annuum L.

2005 ◽  
Vol 62 (1) ◽  
pp. 40-44 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sally Ferreira Blat ◽  
Cyro Paulino da Costa ◽  
Roland Vencovsky ◽  
Fernando Cesar Sala
Keyword(s):  
Powdery Mildew ◽  
Capsicum Annuum ◽  
Genetic Parameters ◽  
Gene Action ◽  
Genetic Resistance ◽  
Sweet Pepper ◽  
Resistance Mechanisms ◽  
Fruit Production ◽  
Resistance Sources ◽  
Capsicum Annuum L

The use of fungicides to control powdery mildew in sweet pepper has been ineffective and genetic resistance is the best alternative. Resistance sources identified in Capsicum annuum L. are rare and unsatisfactory. The purpose of this work was to study the inheritance of C. annuum reaction to powdery mildew. Three homozygous powdery mildew resistant parents, HV-12, Chilli and #124 and three susceptible lines, 609, 442 and 428 were used to obtain seven F1's and respectively their generations F2: HV-12 x 609, 442 × HV-12, 428 × HV-12, Chilli × 609, #124 × 609, Chilli × HV-12 and #124 × HV-12. The powdery epidemic was natural using inoculum from highly sporulating susceptible pepper host. Powdery mildew host reaction evaluations were carried out during the fruit production using a rating system based on disease severity scales varying from 1 (resistant) to 5 (highly susceptible). The experimental design was completely randomized. The following genetic parameters were estimated: locus numbers, gene action, heritability coefficient, expected selection gain and observed progress in F3 generation, and possibly allelic relationship among resistance genes of different resistance sources. The HV-12×609 cross was the only one that showed absence of dominance. Other genetically analyzed crossings showed dominant and epistatic effects. Resistance was characterized as being due to at least four pairs of genes. The heritability and selection gains estimates were high. The resistance mechanisms of #124, Chilli and HV-12 showed differences in their expression.

scholarly journals FERTIRRIGAÇÃO NITROGENADA E POTÁSSICA NA CULTURA DO PIMENTÃO BASEADA NO ACÚMULO DE N E K PELA PLANTA

Irriga ◽  
2004 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 41-51 ◽  
Author(s):  
Francisco Fernando Noronha Marcussi ◽  
Leandro José Grava de Godoy ◽  
Roberto Lyra Villas Bôas
Keyword(s):  
Electric Conductivity ◽  
Capsicum Annuum ◽  
Sweet Pepper ◽  
Fruit Production ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Nutrient Accumulation ◽  
Relative Index ◽  
Accumulation Curve ◽  
Capsicum Annuum L ◽  
Red Latosol

FERTIRRIGAÇÃO NITROGENADA E POTÁSSICA NA CULTURA DO PIMENTÃO BASEADA NO ACÚMULO DE N E K PELA PLANTA   Francisco Fernando Noronha Marcussi1; Leandro José Grava de Godoy2; Roberto Lyra Villas Bôas21Departamento de Engenharia Hidráulica e Saneamento, Escola de Engenharia de São Carlos , Universidade de São Paulo, São Carlos, [email protected] de Recursos Naturais/Ciência do Solo, Faculdade de Ciências Agronômicas, Universidade Estadual Paulista, Botucatu, SP   1 RESUMO  O principal objetivo deste experimento foi avaliar a produção de frutos de pimentão em plantas fertirrigadas com doses de N e K baseadas na quantidade acumulada destes nutrientes pela planta. Em um túnel plástico da FCA/UNESP, Botucatu, SP, plantas de pimentão Elisa foram cultivadas em vasos de 29 dm3 contendo um Latossolo Vermelho textura média. As plantas receberam cinco tratamentos delineados inteiramente ao acaso, via fertirrigação por gotejamento: 50, 75, 100, 125 e 150% das quantidades de N e K estabelecidas em uma curva de acúmulo de nutrientes por plantas de pimentão Elisa, mais um tratamento sem adubação, em nove repetições. Além da produção e características dos frutos, foi avaliada a altura da planta e da primeira bifurcação, condutividade da solução do solo e o índice relativo de clorofila. As plantas que receberam uma quantidade de N e K 50% maior que a quantidade estabelecida na curva de acúmulo, foram as que alcançaram maior produção de frutos, aos 160 dias após o transplantio. A curva de acúmulo de nutrientes pode servir como uma base para a fertirrigação, no entanto, os valores devem ser ajustados de acordo com as condições climáticas, principalmente a temperatura.  UNITERMOS: Capsicum annuum L.; nitrogênio; potássio; condutividade elétrica.   MARCUSSI, F. F. N.; GODOY, L. J. G. de; VILLAS BOAS, R. L.NITROGEN AND POTASSIUM FERTIGATION IN SWEET PEPPER CULTURE BASED ON N AND K ACCUMULATION BY PLANTS   2 ABSTRACT  The main purpose of this experiment was to evaluate the sweet pepper production in fertigated plants with N e K rates based on the accumulated amount of these nutrients by the plant. In a plastic tunnel at the School of Agricultural Sciences/UNESP, Botucatu, SP, Elisa sweet pepper was grown in 29 dm3 pots with a medium-texture Red Latosol (Oxisoil). The plants received five treatments entirely designed at random, by drip fertigation with 50, 75, 100, 125 and 150% more than the N and K amounts established in a curve of nutrient accumulation for Elisa sweet pepper plants; they also received a treatment without fertilization, in nine replications. Besides fruit production and characteristics, the height of the plant and the first bifurcation, electric conductivity of the soil solution and the chlorophyll relative index were evaluated. The plants that received an amount of N and K 50% bigger than the amount established in the accumulation curve were the ones that reached a greater fruit production, 160 days after the planting. The nutrient accumulation curve can serve as basis for the fertigation; however, the values must be adjusted according to the climatic conditions, mainly temperature.  KEYWORDS: Capsicum annuum L.; nitrogen; potassium; electric conductivity.

scholarly journals Multispectral Assessment of Sweet Pepper (Capsicum annuum L.) Fruit Quality Affected by Calcite Nanoparticles

Biomolecules ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (6) ◽  
pp. 832
Author(s):  
Monika Vidak ◽  
Boris Lazarević ◽  
Marko Petek ◽  
Jerko Gunjača ◽  
Zlatko Šatović ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Convex Hull ◽  
Capsicum Annuum ◽  
Fruit Quality ◽  
Sweet Pepper ◽  
Quality Analysis ◽  
Morphological Properties ◽  
Agricultural Practice ◽  
Vegetable Crops ◽  
Physiological Maturity ◽  
Capsicum Annuum L

Sweet pepper (Capsicum annuum L.) is one of the most important vegetable crops in the world because of the nutritional value of its fruits and its economic importance. Calcium (Ca) improves the quality of sweet pepper fruits, and the application of calcite nanoparticles in agricultural practice has a positive effect on the morphological, physiological, and physicochemical properties of the whole plant. The objectives of this study were to investigate the effect of commercial calcite nanoparticles on yield, chemical, physical, morphological, and multispectral properties of sweet pepper fruits using a combination of conventional and novel image-based nondestructive methods of fruit quality analysis. In the field trial, two sweet pepper cultivars, i.e., Šorokšari and Kurtovska kapija, were treated with commercial calcite nanoparticles (at a concentration of 3% and 5%, calcite-based foliar fertilizer (positive control), and water (negative control) three times during vegetation). Sweet pepper fruits were harvested at the time of technological and physiological maturity. Significant differences were observed between pepper cultivars as well as between harvests times. In general, application of calcite nanoparticles reduced yield and increased fruit firmness. However, different effects of calcite nanoparticles were observed on almost all properties depending on the cultivar. In Šorokšari, calcite nanoparticles and calcite-based foliar fertilizers significantly increased N, P, K, Mg, Fe, Zn, Mn, and Cu at technological maturity, as well as P, Ca, Mg, Fe, Zn, Mn, Cu, and N at physiological maturity. However, in Kurtovska kapija, the treatments increased only Ca at technological maturity and only P at physiological maturity. The effect of treatments on fruit morphological properties was observed only at the second harvest. In Šorokšari, calcite nanoparticles (3% and 5%) increased the fruit length, minimal circle area, and minimal circle radius, and it decreased the fruit width and convex hull compared to the positive and negative controls, respectively. In Kurtovska kapija, calcite nanoparticles increased the fruit width and convex hull compared to the controls. At physiological maturity, lower anthocyanin and chlorophyll indices were found in Kurtovska kapija in both treatments with calcite nanoparticles, while in Šorokšari, the opposite effects were observed.

scholarly journals Sweet Pepper (Capsicum annuum L.) Fruits Contain an Atypical Peroxisomal Catalase That Is Modulated by Reactive Oxygen and Nitrogen Species

Antioxidants ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (9) ◽  
pp. 374 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marta Rodríguez-Ruiz ◽  
Salvador González-Gordo ◽  
Amanda Cañas ◽  
María Jesús Campos ◽  
Alberto Paradela ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Capsicum Annuum ◽  
Fruit Ripening ◽  
Reactive Oxygen ◽  
Bovine Liver ◽  
Sweet Pepper ◽  
Cysteine Residue ◽  
Nitrogen Species ◽  
Capsicum Annuum L ◽  
Native Molecular Mass ◽  
Pepper Fruit

During the ripening of sweet pepper (Capsicum annuum L.) fruits, in a genetically controlled scenario, enormous metabolic changes occur that affect the physiology of most cell compartments. Peroxisomal catalase gene expression decreases after pepper fruit ripening, while the enzyme is also susceptible to undergo post-translational modifications (nitration, S-nitrosation, and oxidation) promoted by reactive oxygen and nitrogen species (ROS/RNS). Unlike most plant catalases, the pepper fruit enzyme acts as a homodimer, with an atypical native molecular mass of 125 to 135 kDa and an isoelectric point of 7.4, which is higher than that of most plant catalases. These data suggest that ROS/RNS could be essential to modulate the role of catalase in maintaining basic cellular peroxisomal functions during pepper fruit ripening when nitro-oxidative stress occurs. Using catalase from bovine liver as a model and biotin-switch labeling, in-gel trypsin digestion, and nanoliquid chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry, it was found that Cys377 from the bovine enzyme could potentially undergo S-nitrosation. To our knowledge, this is the first report of a cysteine residue from catalase that can be post-translationally modified by S-nitrosation, which makes it especially important to find the target points where the enzyme can be modulated under either physiological or adverse conditions.

scholarly journals Androgenesis induction in microspore culture of sweet pepper (Capsicum annuum L.)

2011 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 123-132 ◽  
Author(s):  
Csaba Lantos ◽  
Anikó Gémes Juhász ◽  
Pál Vági ◽  
Róbert Mihály ◽  
Zoltán Kristóf ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Capsicum Annuum ◽  
Microspore Culture ◽  
Sweet Pepper ◽  
Capsicum Annuum L

AGRONOMIC RESPONSE OF SWEET PEPPER (CAPSICUM ANNUUM L.) TO CO2 ENRICHMENT IN GREENHOUSES WITH STATIC VENTILATION

2006 ◽  
pp. 521-528 ◽  
Author(s):  
M.Y. Baba ◽  
J.V. Maroto ◽  
A. San Batoutista ◽  
B. Pascual ◽  
S. Lopez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Capsicum Annuum ◽  
Co2 Enrichment ◽  
Sweet Pepper ◽  
Capsicum Annuum L

scholarly journals Identification of Race-Specific Resistance in North American Vitis spp. Limiting Erysiphe necator Hyphal Growth

2012 ◽  
Vol 102 (1) ◽  
pp. 83-93 ◽  
Author(s):  
David W. Ramming ◽  
Franka Gabler ◽  
Joseph L. Smilanick ◽  
Dennis A. Margosan ◽  
Molly Cadle-Davidson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Powdery Mildew ◽  
Resistance Genes ◽  
Specific Resistance ◽  
Hyphal Growth ◽  
Resistance Mechanisms ◽  
Hybrid Breeding ◽  
Erysiphe Necator ◽  
Vitis Rotundifolia ◽  
Resistance Sources

Race-specific resistance against powdery mildews is well documented in small grains but, in other crops such as grapevine, controlled analysis of host–pathogen interactions on resistant plants is uncommon. In the current study, we attempted to confirm powdery mildew resistance phenotypes through vineyard, greenhouse, and in vitro inoculations for test cross-mapping populations for two resistance sources: (i) a complex hybrid breeding line, ‘Bloodworth 81-107-11', of at least Vitis rotundifolia, V. vinifera, V. berlandieri, V. rupestris, V. labrusca, and V. aestivalis background; and (ii) Vitis hybrid ‘Tamiami’ of V. aestivalis and V. vinifera origin. Statistical analysis of vineyard resistance data suggested the segregation of two and three race-specific resistance genes from the two sources, respectively. However, in each population, some resistant progeny were susceptible in greenhouse or in vitro screens, which suggested the presence of Erysiphe necator isolates virulent on progeny segregating for one or more resistance genes. Controlled inoculation of resistant and susceptible progeny with a diverse set of E. necator isolates clearly demonstrated the presence of fungal races differentially interacting with race-specific resistance genes, providing proof of race specificity in the grape powdery mildew pathosystem. Consistent with known race-specific resistance mechanisms, both resistance sources were characterized by programmed cell death of host epidermal cells under appressoria, which arrested or slowed hyphal growth; this response was also accompanied by collapse of conidia, germ tubes, appressoria, and secondary hyphae. The observation of prevalent isolates virulent on progeny with multiple race-specific resistance genes before resistance gene deployment has implications for grape breeding strategies. We suggest that grape breeders should characterize the mechanisms of resistance and pyramid multiple resistance genes with different mechanisms for improved durability.

EFFECTS OF WATER STRESS ON THE YIELD AND PHOTOSYNTHESIS OF FIELD-GROWN SWEET PEPPER (Capsicum annuum L.)

2000 ◽  
pp. 223-229 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Delfine ◽  
A. Alvino ◽  
F. Loreto ◽  
M. Centritto ◽  
G. Santarelli
Keyword(s):  
Water Stress ◽  
Capsicum Annuum ◽  
Sweet Pepper ◽  
Capsicum Annuum L
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