scholarly journals Evaluation of the cytotoxic and genotoxic potential of water from the River Paraíba do Sul, in Brazil, with the Allium cepa L. test

2009 ◽  
Vol 69 (3) ◽  
pp. 837-842 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Barbério ◽  
L. Barros ◽  
JC. Voltolini ◽  
MLS. Mello
Keyword(s):  
River Water ◽  
Allium Cepa ◽  
Root Length ◽  
Root Tips ◽  
Cytotoxic Potential ◽  
Paulo State ◽  
Length Growth ◽  
Genotoxic Potential ◽  
Allium Cepa L ◽  
Water Treatments

This work investigated the cytotoxic and genotoxic potential of water from the River Paraíba do Sul (Brazil) using Allium cepa roots. An anatomo-morphological parameter (root length), mitotic indices, and frequency of micronuclei were analysed. Eight bulbs were chosen at random for treatment for 24 to 120 hours with the River water collected in the years of 2005 and 2006 from sites in the cities of Tremembé and Aparecida (São Paulo state, Brazil). Daily measurements of the length of the roots grown from each bulb were carried out throughout the experiment. Mitotic index (MI) and frequency of micronuclei (MN) were determined for 2000 cells per root, using 3-5 root tips from other bulbs (7-10). Only in the roots treated with samples of the River water collected in 2005 in Tremembé city was there a decrease in the root length growth compared to the respective control. However, a reduction in MI values was verified for both sites analysed for that year. Considering the data involving root length growth and especially MI values, a cytotoxic potential is suggested for the water of the River Paraíba do Sul at Tremembé and Aparecida, in the year of 2005. On the other hand, since in this year the MN frequency was not affected with the river water treatments, genotoxicity is not assumed for the river water sampled at the aforementioned places.

scholarly journals Influence of extract from shoots of Taxus baccata var. elegantissima on ultrastructure and tubulin cytoskeleton of meristematic cells of Allium cepa L. roots

2014 ◽  
Vol 71 (3) ◽  
pp. 211-221 ◽  
Author(s):  
Agnieszka Majewska ◽  
Mirosława Furmanowa ◽  
Kazimierz Głowniak ◽  
Joanna Guzewska ◽  
Alicja Zobel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Allium Cepa ◽  
Chromatin Condensation ◽  
Preprophase Band ◽  
Taxus Baccata ◽  
Cell Nuclei ◽  
Root Tips ◽  
Meristematic Cells ◽  
Allium Cepa L ◽  
Interphase Cells ◽  
Average Size

We investigated the influence of extract from <em>Taxus baccata</em> var. Elegantissima (TbE) shoots in 1:8 dilution, containing paclitaxel in concentration of 81,6 µg/g fresh mass on ultrastructure and tubulin cytoskeleton of meristematic cells of <em>Allium cepa</em> L. root tips. Incubation time 3, 6, 12 and 24 h was followed with postincubation in water for 12 and 24 h. During shorter incubation (till 12 h) the surface of the cell nuclei decreased and chromatin became condensed (in comparison to control) but after 24 h the average surface increased and chromatin condensation decreased. In the course of incubation the average size of plastids and vacuoles increased. Moreover, after treatment mitochondria and plastids showed degradation of ultrastructure, which was reversed after 12 h of postincubation. Immunocytochemical assays demonstrated that in the course of incubation in the ThE extract, the tubulin cytoskeleton became partially disorganised. In most interphase cells, cortical microtubules (MTs) lost their oval transverse orientation. The preprophase band (PPB) position in the cell was often asymmetrical. The MTs array of the karyokinetic spindle and phragmoplast was also disturbed. These alterations were completely reversed during postincubation.

scholarly journals In Vitro Regeneration of Onion (Allium cepa L.) Genotypes under Salt Stress Condition

2021 ◽  
pp. 34-43
Author(s):  
Asfiqur Rahman Plabon ◽  
M. E. Hoque ◽  
Farhana Afrin Vabna ◽  
Fahima Khatun
Keyword(s):  
Salt Stress ◽  
Allium Cepa ◽  
Root Length ◽  
Stress Condition ◽  
In Vitro Regeneration ◽  
Shoot Length ◽  
Salinity Level ◽  
Salt Stress Condition ◽  
Allium Cepa L

Salinity is a major problem affecting crop production all over the world. Excessive soil salinity can reduce the productivity of many agricultural crops including many vegetables and spices. Onion is one of the most important spices in the Asiatic region which is now in high demand. The experiment was conducted to observe in vitro regeneration of onion (Allium cepa L.) under salt stress condition from September 2016 to July 2017. The experiment was conducted as two factorial (genotype and treatment) Completely Randomized Design (CRD) with 3 replications for each treatment. Shoot tip segments of three genotypes namely Faridpuri, Taherpuri and Pusa red (Indian) were cultured in MS (Murashige and skoog, 1962) media supplemented with 25, 50, 75 and 100 mM NaCl. The genotype Faridpuri gave maximum salt tolerance upto 100 mM salinity level with 10.60 cm shoot length and 1.94 cm root length having the highest relative shoot and root growth. Pusa red was found to be salinity sensitive genotype which showing lowest shoot length of 7.03 cm and root length of 0.96 cm at 100 mM NaCl treatment. However, Taherpuri was tolerant up to 100 mM salinity level with 8.14 cm shoot length and 1.25 cm root length. Both the highest fresh weight of root (54.77 mg) and dry weight of root (41.36 mg) was from the genotype Faridpuri with 25 mM NaCl treatment. However, a convenient in vitro regeneration protocol of onion genotypes under different salinity level has been developed and the genotype Faridpuri can be used for further investigation in field condition to evaluate its performance at various salinity levels.

Cytotoxicity of the Fungicides Azoxystrobin and Difenoconazole in Root Tips of Allium cepa L.

2005 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 65-80 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Nithyameen ◽  
P.R. Jeyaramraja . ◽  
S. Manian .
Keyword(s):  
Allium Cepa ◽  
Root Tips ◽  
Allium Cepa L

scholarly journals Genotoxic Effects of Raxil on Root Tips and Anthers of Allium cepa L.

Caryologia ◽  
2009 ◽  
Vol 62 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kaymak Fisun ◽  
Pinar Goc Rasgele
Keyword(s):  
Allium Cepa ◽  
Root Tips ◽  
Genotoxic Effects ◽  
Allium Cepa L

scholarly journals Effect of Ferrous Gluconate on Chromosomal Abnormality Index of Allium Cepa Root Tip

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 755-758
Author(s):  
Nergis Kaya
Keyword(s):  
Allium Cepa ◽  
Chromosomal Aberration ◽  
Chromosomal Abnormality ◽  
Genotoxic Effect ◽  
Root Tip ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Root Tips ◽  
Ferrous Gluconate ◽  
Allium Cepa L ◽  
Abnormality Index

In completed research, ferrous gluconate -a food additive- used to preserve black color to prevent discoloration during storage in ripe black olives, and Allium cepa L. species. A. cepa L. roots were treated with different doses of ferrous gluconate. The effective concentration EC50 (0.068 g/l) was determined. A. cepa root tips were treated with EC50/2 (0.034 g/l), EC50 (0.068 g/l), 2XEC50 (0.136 g/l) dose for 24, 48, 72 hours, and afterward, the root tips were prepared for observation under the light microscope according to the method of preparing mitotic preparation. Chromosomal abnormality index (CAI) and genotoxic effect of ferrous gluconate in A. cepa root tip cells were determined. Repeated measurement ANOVA and TUKEY multiple comparison tests were used to investigate the effect of time and dose together on genotoxicity. C-mitosis, polyploidy, polar shifting in anaphase, polar shifting in telophase, equatorial plate shifting, laggard chromosome was observed by microscope. The highest CAI (70.16±4.85) was observed at 72h for 2XEC50 dose. Chromosomal aberration is also observed in control group. While the most common chromosomal aberration is determined as C-mitosis; The least observed chromosomal aberration is determined as polyploidy. Research results revealed that ferrous gluconate has a genotoxic effect on the root tip of A. cepa.

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