Determination Of Facial Symmetry In Unilateral Cleft Lip And Palate Patients From 3D Data: Technical Report And Assessment Of Measurement Errors

2005 ◽  
Author(s):  
Emeka Nkenke ◽  
Bernhard Lehner ◽  
Manuel Kramer ◽  
Gerd Haeusler ◽  
Stefanie Benz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Measurement Errors ◽  
Cleft Lip ◽  
Cleft Lip And Palate ◽  
Facial Symmetry ◽  
3D Data ◽  
Technical Report

Determination of Facial Symmetry in Unilateral Cleft Lip and Palate Patients from Three-Dimensional Data: Technical Report and Assessment of Measurement Errors

2006 ◽  
Vol 43 (2) ◽  
pp. 129-137 ◽  
Author(s):  
Emeka Nkenke ◽  
Bernhard Lehner ◽  
Manuel Kramer ◽  
Gerd Haeusler ◽  
Stefanie Benz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Measurement Errors ◽  
Cleft Lip ◽  
Cleft Lip And Palate ◽  
Intraclass Correlation ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Correlation Coefficients ◽  
Intraclass Correlation Coefficients ◽  
Surface Areas ◽  
Technical Report

Objective To assess measurement errors of a novel technique for the three-dimensional determination of the degree of facial symmetry in patients suffering from unilateral cleft lip and palate malformations. Design Technical report, reliability study. Setting Cleft Lip and Palate Center of the University of Erlangen-Nuremberg, Erlangen, Germany. Patients The three-dimensional facial surface data of five 10-year-old unilateral cleft lip and palate patients were subjected to the analysis. Distances, angles, surface areas, and volumes were assessed twice. Main Outcome Measures Calculations were made for method error, intraclass correlation coefficient, and repeatability of the measurements of distances, angles, surface areas, and volumes. Results The method errors were less than 1 mm for distances and less than 1.5° for angles. The intraclass correlation coefficients showed values greater than .90 for all parameters. The repeatability values were comparable for cleft and noncleft sides. Conclusion The small method errors, high intraclass correlation coefficients, and comparable repeatability values for cleft and noncleft sides reveal that the new technique is appropriate for clinical use.

Three-dimensional Analysis of Facial Symmetry in Cleft Lip and Palate Patients Using Optical Surface Data

2008 ◽  
Vol 69 (4) ◽  
pp. 268-282 ◽  
Author(s):  
Irene Stauber ◽  
Eleftherios Vairaktaris ◽  
Alexandra Holst ◽  
Maria Schuster ◽  
Ursula Hirschfelder ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dimensional Analysis ◽  
Cleft Lip ◽  
Cleft Lip And Palate ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Optical Surface ◽  
Facial Symmetry ◽  
Surface Data

Speech Outcomes in Adolescents with Cleft Lip and Palate

1995 ◽  
Vol 32 (2) ◽  
pp. 125-128 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sally J. Peterson-Falzone
Keyword(s):  
Cleft Palate ◽  
Cleft Lip ◽  
Cleft Lip And Palate ◽  
Psychosocial Support ◽  
Treatment Recommendations ◽  
Team Care ◽  
Secondary Palate ◽  
Bilateral Cleft Lip ◽  
Adolescent Patients

Speech results were surveyed in 110 adolescent patients with clefts: 53 with unilateral cleft lip and palate, 46 with bilateral cleft lip and palate, and 11 with isolated clefts of the secondary palate. Only 12 of the 110 teenagers had received consistent team care from infancy. The early physical management was impossible to reliably determine in the remaining 98. Speech was normal in 22.7%, characterized by a variety of problems in approximately 66%, and a complete habilitative failure in 10.9%. Cleft palate and craniofacial teams who first encounter incompletely managed cases in the teenage years are faced with complex and interrelated challenges of providing appropriate physical management, speech habilitation, and psychosocial support, including determination of that approach which will be most likely to assure future compliance with treatment recommendations to each child and family.

Facial Symmetry in Unilateral Cleft Lip and Palate following Alar Base Augmentation with Bone Graft: A Three-Dimensional Assessment

2007 ◽  
Vol 44 (4) ◽  
pp. 391-395 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mark F. Devlin ◽  
Arup Ray ◽  
Peter Raine ◽  
Adrian Bowman ◽  
Ashraf F. Ayoub
Keyword(s):  
Bone Graft ◽  
Bone Grafting ◽  
Cleft Lip ◽  
Cleft Lip And Palate ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Facial Symmetry ◽  
Alar Base ◽  
Student’S T ◽  
A Prospective Study ◽  
Dimensional Assessment

Objective: The aim of this study was to assess the outcome of bone grafting using a corticocancellous block of iliac crest to reconstruct the support for the deformed, volume-deficient alar base in treated patients with unilateral cleft lip and palate (UCLP). The main outcome being measured was nasal symmetry. Design: This was a prospective study using a noninvasive three-dimensional stereophotogrammetry system (C3D) to assess the position of the alar base. Images were captured immediately preoperatively and at 6 months following the augmentation of the alar base with a block of bone graft. These images were used to calculate facial symmetry scores and were compared using a two sample Student's t test to assess the efficacy of the surgical method in reducing facial/nasal asymmetry. Patients: This investigation was conducted on 18 patients with one patient failing to attend for follow-up. The results for 17 patients are presented. Results: Facial symmetry scores improved significantly following the insertion of the bone graft at the deficient alar base (p = 0.005). Conclusions: 3D stereophotogrammetry is a noninvasive, accurate, and archiveable method of assessing facial form and surgical change. Nasal symmetry can be quantified and measured reliably with this tool. Bone grafting to the alar base region of treated UCLP patients with volume deficiency produces improvement in nasal symmetry.

Anthropometric and Anthroposcopic Findings of the Nasal and Facial Region in Cleft Patients before and after Primary Lip and Palate Repair

1993 ◽  
Vol 30 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Leslie G. Farkas ◽  
Karel Hajniš ◽  
Jeffrey C. Posnick
Keyword(s):  
Cleft Lip ◽  
Cleft Lip And Palate ◽  
Nasal Bridge ◽  
Facial Region ◽  
Nasal Tip ◽  
Flat Nasal Bridge ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Upper Face ◽  
Palate Repair

Two populations were studied and compared to determine the effects of cleft lip and palate surgery on the nose and face. In the first, three anthropometric measurements, two nasal and one facial, were taken before primary lip repair from infants with complete unilateral cleft lip and palate (UCLP) and with bilateral cleft lip and palate (BCLP). In the second, ten measurements were taken from the nose and face of patients surgically treated for UCLP and BCLP. The high frequency of noses disproportionately wide in relation to their height in both cleft types before primary lip repair greatly decreased after surgery. Among the residual deformities after surgery for UCLP, nostril floor width asymmetry was the most frequent, followed by columella length asymmetry, flat nasal bridge, wide soft nose, flat nasal tip, and small nasal tip protrusion. In the BCLP patients, nostril floor width asymmetry was also the most common stigma, followed by flat nasal tip, wide soft nose, columella length asymmetry, flat nasal bridge and bilaterally angled alae, and small nasal tip protrusion. A subnormally flat upper face inclination was observed in UCLP and BCLP patients. Quantitative determination of these nasal stigmata in cleft lip and palate patients who have undergone primary lip repair provides valuable information for surgical correction of the cleft soft-tissue deformities.

Landmark Positioning on Maxilla of Cleft Lip and Palate Infant — a Reality?

1995 ◽  
Vol 32 (5) ◽  
pp. 434-441 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nicky G. Seckel ◽  
Ingeborg Van Der Tweel ◽  
G. Anne Elema ◽  
Tom F.J.M.C. Specken
Keyword(s):  
Measurement Errors ◽  
Learning Effect ◽  
Cleft Lip ◽  
Cleft Lip And Palate ◽  
Linear Measurements ◽  
Interobserver Reproducibility ◽  
Intraobserver Reproducibility ◽  
Minimal Data ◽  
Insight Into

In this study, we tested the precision of landmark positioning for a set of landmarks that can be used for the edentulous cleft lip and palate maxilla of the infant, by analyzing intraobserver and interobserver repositioning and measuring on a series of 121 (unilateral and bilateral) study casts. To date, no data on interobserver and only minimal data on intraobserver reproducibility are available. We found intraobserver reproducibility acceptable with total measurement errors ranging from 0.51 to 1.54 mm. Interobserver reproducibility was only slightly less with total measurement errors ranging from 0.63 to 1.57 mm. Total measurement errors were found to be relatively high for some variables. Both the intra- and Interobserver analyses show insight into expected precision of landmark positioning during placement of these points on casts. A learning effect for precise positioning has been demonstrated in both analyses. The points with the highest precision overall are Q and Q’, followed by the linear measurements PL and P'L’. Quality of regular study casts (impressions) is an important factor, with room for improvement. Reproducible landmark positioning on the cleft lip and palate infant's maxilla, can only be a reality if the quality of the cast is optimal and the investigator is experienced. Intraobserver and interobserver reproducibility are in the same range, which justifies the comparison of results from different studies and relieves future investigators of the need to have all measurements within a study conducted by the same investigator. Aspects of the biologic meaning of landmarks are also discussed.

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