Herbicides for Postemergence Control of Mile-a-Minute (Mikania micrantha)

2014 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 303-309 ◽  
Author(s):  
Brent A. Sellers ◽  
Sarah R. Lancaster ◽  
Kenneth A. Langeland
Keyword(s):  
Dose Response ◽  
South Florida ◽  
Growth Reduction ◽  
Mikania Micrantha ◽  
Synthetic Auxin ◽  
Greenhouse Experiments ◽  
Auxin Herbicides ◽  
Dose Response Study

AbstractGreenhouse experiments were conducted to evaluate mile-a-minute response to selected herbicides. In the first experiment, mile-a-minute response was evaluated following the application of aminocyclopyrachlor, aminopyralid, fluroxypyr, glufosinate, glyphosate, imazamox, imazapic, metsulfuron, penoxsulam, and triclopyr. Applications of aminocyclopyrachlor, aminopyralid, fluroxypyr, glufosinate, glyphosate, and triclopyr all resulted in mile-a-minute control 70% or greater 8 wk after treatment (WAT). Mile-a-minute sensitivity to these six herbicides was further evaluated in a dose-response study. Although 90% growth reduction (GR90) values were determined for aminopyralid and glyphosate, statistically significant results were not obtained for aminocyclopyrachlor, fluroxypyr, glufosinate, and triclopyr. The results of these experiments suggest that glyphosate, as well as the synthetic auxin herbicides aminocyclopyrachlor, aminopyralid, fluroxypyr, and triclopyr, should be further evaluated for mile-a-minute control in south Florida.

2,4-D–Resistant Buckhorn Plantain (Plantago lanceolata) in Managed Turf

2018 ◽  
Vol 32 (2) ◽  
pp. 182-189 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aaron J. Patton ◽  
Daniel V. Weisenberger ◽  
Geoff P. Schortgen
Keyword(s):  
Dose Response ◽  
Plantago Lanceolata ◽  
Resistance Mechanism ◽  
Cross Resistance ◽  
Pyridinecarboxylic Acid ◽  
First Report ◽  
Synthetic Auxin ◽  
Group 4 ◽  
Auxin Herbicides ◽  
Acid Herbicides

AbstractA population of buckhorn plantain with suspected resistance to 2,4-D was identified in central Indiana following 30 yr of 2,4-D–containing herbicide applications. Our objectives were to (1) confirm and quantify the level of herbicide resistance in the buckhorn plantain population using dose–response experiments and (2) find alternative herbicides that could be used to control this population. Greenhouse experiments were conducted to quantify the dose–response of resistant (R) and susceptible (S) biotypes of buckhorn plantain to both 2,4-D and triclopyr, two synthetic auxin herbicides from different chemical families. The R biotype was ≥6.2 times less sensitive to 2,4-D than the S biotype. The efficacy of triclopyr was similar on both the R and S biotypes of buckhorn plantain, suggesting the absence of cross-resistance to this herbicide. This is the first report of 2,4-D resistance in buckhorn plantain and the first report of 2,4-D resistance in turf. The resistance mechanism was limited to within a chemical family (phenoxycarboxylic acid) and did not occur across all WSSA Group 4 synthetic auxin herbicides, as the pyridinecarboxylic acid herbicides clopyralid and triclopyr and the arylpicolinate herbicide halauxifen-methyl provided control in our experiments.

Efficacy of triclopyr and synthetic auxin herbicide mixtures for common blue violet (Viola sororia) control

2020 ◽  
Vol 34 (4) ◽  
pp. 475-481
Author(s):  
Aaron J. Patton ◽  
Daniel V. Weisenberger ◽  
Wenwen Liu
Keyword(s):  
Data Collection ◽  
Chlorophyll Content ◽  
Dose Response ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Synthetic Auxin ◽  
Comparison Experiment ◽  
Herbicide Mixtures ◽  
Auxin Herbicides ◽  
High Label

AbstractCommon blue violet is a widely distributed, perennial broadleaf that is difficult to control in lawns. Two experiments were conducted to evaluate the efficacy of synthetic auxin herbicides and their mixtures or rate for common blue violet control. A herbicide comparison experiment was conducted with treatments including a nontreated check; 2,4-D dimethylamine; 2,4-D isooctyl ester (2,4-D ester); dichlorprop (2,4-DP) ethylhexyl ester, MCPA dimethylamine; mecoprop dimethylamine; triclopyr butoxyethyl ester; quinclorac; and mixtures of triclopyr + quinclorac; 2,4-D ester + 2,4-DP; 2,4-D ester + triclopyr; 2,4-D ester + 2,4-DP + triclopyr. All herbicides were applied at 1.12 kg ae ha−1 except quinclorac (0.84 kg ha−1). Additionally, a triclopyr dose-response experiment was conducted using rates of 0, 0.14, 0.28, 0.56, 0.84, and 1.12 kg ha−1. Epinasty ranged from 80% to 99% at 21 d after application for triclopyr-containing treatments and no more than 28% for all other treatments. Plant mass from harvest and regrowth data from the comparison experiment indicated triclopyr-containing treatments provided the highest common blue violet control. Mixtures containing triclopyr did not differ from triclopyr alone, indicating there was no added effect between herbicide mixtures. The triclopyr dose-response experiment confirmed triclopyr efficacy across data collection types. As triclopyr dose increased, violet epinasty increased and chlorophyll content and dry weight decreased. Triclopyr applied at 0.81 kg ha−1 or greater concentration provided 75% or greater control, as indicated by regrowth data. Many herbicides containing triclopyr are registered for use in turf, but most apply a concentration not greater than 0.56 kg ha−1 triclopyr when applied at the high label rate. Thus, to achieve good (75%) common blue violet control, turf managers should select products that contain triclopyr and apply doses of at least 0.81 kg ha−1 when used according to the label.

Dose–Response of Newly Established Elephantgrass (Pennisetum purpureum) to Postemergence Herbicides

2012 ◽  
Vol 26 (4) ◽  
pp. 691-698 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dennis C. Odero ◽  
Robert A. Gilbert
Keyword(s):  
Dose Response ◽  
Logistic Models ◽  
South Florida ◽  
Biofuel Production ◽  
Pennisetum Purpureum ◽  
Shoot Biomass ◽  
Growth Reduction ◽  
Response Curves ◽  
Postemergence Herbicides ◽  
Label Use

Elephantgrass has been proposed as a potential feedstock for biofuel production in south Florida. To limit future invasion of escapes in sugarcane and vegetables, the response of newly established elephantgrass to glyphosate, clethodim, sethoxydim, asulam, and trifloxysulfuron was determined using dose–response curves. Log-logistic models were used to determine the herbicide dose required to produce 90% growth reduction (GR90). The GR90values for shoot biomass at 21 d after treatment (DAT) were 477 g ae ha−1of glyphosate, 262 g ai ha−1of clethodim, 381 g ai ha−1of sethoxydim, 12 kg ai ha−1of asulam, and 94 g ai ha−1of trifloxysulfuron. The GR90values for root biomass at 35 DAT were 570 g ae ha−1of glyphosate, 257 g ai ha−1of clethodim, 432 g ai ha−1of sethoxydim, 17 kg ai ha−1of asulam, and 183 g ai ha−1of trifloxysulfuron. Elephantgrass was predicted to exhibit 97, 98, 75, 1, and 5% mortality after application of glyphosate, clethodim, sethoxydim, asulam, and trifloxysulfuron, respectively, at the label use rates 35 DAT. Results suggest that glyphosate and clethodim will provide control of newly established elephantgrass at label use rates for spot treatments and in vegetables, respectively. Rates higher than the label use rate of sethoxydim will be required to provide acceptable control of newly established elephantgrass in vegetables. However, newly established elephantgrass was not controlled by asulam and trifloxysulfuron at label use rates, implying that control of escapes will be difficult in sugarcane.

Reduction of insulin clearance during hyperglycemic clamp. Dose-response study in normal humans

Diabetes ◽  
1988 ◽  
Vol 37 (10) ◽  
pp. 1351-1357 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. Tillil ◽  
E. T. Shapiro ◽  
A. H. Rubenstein ◽  
J. A. Galloway ◽  
K. S. Polonsky
Keyword(s):  
Dose Response ◽  
Insulin Clearance ◽  
Hyperglycemic Clamp ◽  
Normal Humans ◽  
Dose Response Study

The Influence of Hard Water on 2,4-D Formulations for the Control of Dandelion

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-31
Author(s):  
Geoffrey P. Schortgen ◽  
Aaron J. Patton
Keyword(s):  
Cropping Systems ◽  
Hard Water ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Soluble Salt ◽  
Synthetic Auxin ◽  
Auxin Herbicides ◽  
Acid Herbicides

The herbicide 2,4-D is used in a variety of cropping systems, especially in grasses since it is a selective postemergence broadleaf herbicide. However, the most common formulation (2,4-D dimethylamine) is antagonized when mixed in hard water. The objective of this research was to determine which formulations of 2,4-D or premixes of various formulations of synthetic auxin herbicides are subject to hard water antagonism. Formulations surveyed for hard water antagonism in the first experiment included 2,4-D dimethylamine, 2,4-D diethanolamine, 2,4-D monomethylamine, 2,4-D isopropylamine salt, 2,4-D choline salt, 2,4-D isooctyl ester, and 2,4-D ethylhexyl ester. Synthetic auxin formulation types in the second experiment included water-soluble, emulsifiable concentrates and emulsion-in-water. All formulations were mixed with both soft and hard water (600 mg CaCO3 L-1) and applied to dandelions to determine if antagonism occurred in hard water. Water-soluble (amine and choline) 2,4-D formulations were antagonized by hard water, but water-insoluble (ester) 2,4-D formulations were not antagonized. Similar results were found by formulation type with water-soluble synthetic auxin premixes antagonized but emulsifiable concentrates not antagonized. Further, water-soluble salt formulations were not antagonized when formulated in premixes with other synthetic auxin herbicides as an emulsion-in-water. This research demonstrates that all 2,4-D water-soluble formulations and water-soluble premixes with phenoxycarboxylic acid herbicides are subject to hard water antagonism. Formulations of 2,4-D containing emulsifying agents protect against antagonism by the water-insoluble nature of ingredients in their formulation.

scholarly journals A randomized, fixed-dose, dose–response study of ropinirole prolonged release in advanced Parkinson's disease

2017 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 61-72 ◽  
Author(s):  
Theresa A Zesiewicz ◽  
Stephen Chriscoe ◽  
Theresa Jimenez ◽  
James Upward ◽  
Maria Davy ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Parkinson’S Disease ◽  
Parkinson's Disease ◽  
Dose Response ◽  
Fixed Dose ◽  
Prolonged Release ◽  
Advanced Parkinson’S Disease ◽  
Dose Response Study
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