Translational Control during Early Development

1997 ◽  
Vol 7 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 73-94 ◽  
Author(s):  
Barbara Stebbins-Boaz ◽  
Joel D. Richter
Keyword(s):  
Early Development ◽  
Translational Control

Translational control in early development: CPEB, P-bodies and germinal granules

2008 ◽  
Vol 36 (4) ◽  
pp. 671-676 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nancy Standart ◽  
Nicola Minshall
Keyword(s):  
Early Development ◽  
Translational Control ◽  
Binding Proteins ◽  
Rna Binding ◽  
Binding Protein ◽  
Initiation Factor ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Cytoplasmic Polyadenylation ◽  
P Bodies ◽  
Germinal Granules

Selective protein synthesis in oocytes, eggs and early embryos of many organisms drives several critical aspects of early development, including meiotic maturation and entry into mitosis, establishment of embryonic axes and cell fate determination. mRNA-binding proteins which (usually) recognize 3′-UTR (untranslated region) elements in target mRNAs influence the recruitment of the small ribosomal subunit to the 5′ cap. Probably the best studied such protein is CPEB (cytoplasmic polyadenylation element-binding protein), which represses translation in the oocyte in a cap-dependent manner, and activates translation in the meiotically maturing egg, via cytoplasmic polyadenylation. Co-immunoprecipitation and gel-filtration assays revealed that CPEB in Xenopus oocytes is in a very large RNP (ribonucleoprotein) complex and interacts with other RNA-binding proteins including Xp54 RNA helicase, Pat1, RAP55 (RNA-associated protein 55) and FRGY2 (frog germ cell-specific Y-box protein 2), as well as the eIF4E (eukaryotic initiation factor 4E)-binding protein 4E-T (eIF4E-transporter) and an ovary-specific eIF4E1b, which binds the cap weakly. Functional tests which implicate 4E-T and eIF4E1b in translational repression in oocytes led us to propose a model for the specific inhibition of translation of a target mRNA by a weak cap-binding protein. The components of the CPEB RNP complex are common to P-bodies (processing bodies), neuronal granules and germinal granules, suggesting that a highly conserved ‘masking’ complex operates in early development, neurons and somatic cells.

The translational control phase of early development

1982 ◽  
Vol 2 (7) ◽  
pp. 471-491 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hugh Woodland
Keyword(s):  
Early Development ◽  
Translational Control ◽  
Control Phase

Translational control during early development

BioEssays ◽  
1991 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 179-183 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joel D. Richter
Keyword(s):  
Early Development ◽  
Translational Control

scholarly journals Translational control of nuclear lamin B1 mRNA during oogenesis and early development of Xenopus

1999 ◽  
Vol 84 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 89-101 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thorsten Ralle ◽  
Dorothea Gremmels ◽  
Reimer Stick
Keyword(s):  
Early Development ◽  
Translational Control ◽  
Lamin B1 ◽  
Nuclear Lamin

scholarly journals Translational Control of Canonical and Non-Canonical Translation Initiation Factors at the Sea Urchin Egg to Embryo Transition

2019 ◽  
Vol 20 (3) ◽  
pp. 626
Author(s):  
Héloïse Chassé ◽  
Sandrine Boulben ◽  
Patrick Cormier ◽  
Julia Morales
Keyword(s):  
Early Development ◽  
Sea Urchin ◽  
Translation Initiation ◽  
Translational Control ◽  
Translational Regulation ◽  
Sea Urchins ◽  
Embryonic Cell ◽  
Scaffolding Protein ◽  
Initiation Factors ◽  
The Impact

Sea urchin early development is a powerful model to study translational regulation under physiological conditions. Fertilization triggers an activation of the translation machinery responsible for the increase of protein synthesis necessary for the completion of the first embryonic cell cycles. The cap-binding protein eIF4E, the helicase eIF4A and the large scaffolding protein eIF4G are assembled upon fertilization to form an initiation complex on mRNAs involved in cap-dependent translation initiation. The presence of these proteins in unfertilized and fertilized eggs has already been demonstrated, however data concerning the translational status of translation factors are still scarce. Using polysome fractionation, we analyzed the impact of fertilization on the recruitment of mRNAs encoding initiation factors. Strikingly, whereas the mRNAs coding eIF4E, eIF4A, and eIF4G were not recruited into polysomes at 1 h post-fertilization, mRNAs for eIF4B and for non-canonical initiation factors such as DAP5, eIF4E2, eIF4E3, or hnRNP Q, are recruited and are differentially sensitive to the activation state of the mechanistic target of rapamycin (mTOR) pathway. We discuss our results suggesting alternative translation initiation in the context of the early development of sea urchins.

Individual differences, social attention, and the history of the social motivation hypotheses of autism

2019 ◽  
Vol 42 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter C. Mundy
Keyword(s):  
Individual Differences ◽  
Early Development ◽  
Emotional Development ◽  
Social Motivation ◽  
Social Attention ◽  
Social Emotional Development ◽  
Social Emotional ◽  
Precise Understanding ◽  
The Social ◽  
History Of

Abstract The stereotype of people with autism as unresponsive or uninterested in other people was prominent in the 1980s. However, this view of autism has steadily given way to recognition of important individual differences in the social-emotional development of affected people and a more precise understanding of the possible role social motivation has in their early development.

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