MEASUREMENT OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL TEMPERATURE FIELDS BY HETERODYNE HOLOGRAPHIC INTERFEROMETRY

The presented paper compares results of measured temperature fields achieved by digital holographic interferometry (DHI) and hot wire anemometry. It shows the possibility of using holographic interferometry for the visualization of temperature fields in periodically moving fluids. The measurement of temperature fields in moving fluids has many inherent difficulties. The usage of point temperature measurement methods, such as Constant Current Anemometry (CCA), is limited to frequencies up to 3000 Hz. This frequency should be the limiting factor for using CCA in fluids when a rapid change of temperature occurs. This shortcoming of CCA measurements could be overcome through the use of optical methods such as digital holographic interferometry. It is necessary to employ a special holographic setup with double sensitivity instead of the commonly used Mach-Zehnder type of holographic interferometer in order to attain parameters sufficient for the studied case. This setup is not as light-efficient as the Mach-Zehnder type but has double sensitivity. The special technique of acquiring and phase averaging the results from holographic interferometry is presented. The paper also shows the first results of an evaluated 3D temperature field.

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Three-dimensional temperature fields of the North Patagonian Sea recorded by Magellanic penguins as biological sampling platforms

Estuarine Coastal and Shelf Science ◽

10.1016/j.ecss.2017.03.021 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 189 ◽

pp. 203-215 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

Juan E. Sala ◽

Juan P. Pisoni ◽

Flavio Quintana

Keyword(s):

Three Dimensional ◽

Temperature Fields ◽

Magellanic Penguins ◽

The North ◽

Biological Sampling

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Transient Elastic Thermal Stress Development During Laser Scribing of Ceramics

Journal of Heat Transfer ◽

10.1115/1.1332779 ◽

2000 ◽

Vol 123 (1) ◽

pp. 171-177 ◽

Cited By ~ 25

Author(s):

Michael F. Modest ◽

Thomas M. Mallison

Keyword(s):

Thermal Stresses ◽

Continuous Wave ◽

Elastic Stress ◽

Three Dimensional ◽

Thick Layer ◽

Temperature Fields ◽

Subsurface Cracks ◽

Laser Scribing ◽

Micro Cracks ◽

Cutting Speeds

Lsaers are emerging as a valuable tool for shaping and cutting hard and brittle ceramics. Unfortunately, the large, concentrated heat flux rates that allow the laser to efficiently cut and shape the ceramic also result in large localized thermal stresses in a small heat-affected zone. These notable thermal stresses can lead to micro-cracks, a decrease in strength and fatigue life, and possibly catastrophic failure. In order to assess where, when, and what stresses occur during laser scribing, an elastic stress model has been incorporated into a three-dimensional scribing and cutting code. First, the code predicts the temporal temperature fields and the receding surface of the ceramic. Then, using the scribed geometry and temperature field, the elastic stress fields are calculated as they develop and decay during the laser scribing process. The analysis allows the prediction of stresses during continuous wave and pulsed laser operation, a variety of cutting speeds and directions, and various shapes and types of ceramic material. The results of the analysis show substantial tensile stresses develop over a thick layer below and parallel to the surface, which may be the cause of experimentally observed subsurface cracks.

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Visualization and Prediction of Natural Convection of Water Near Its Density Maximum in a Tall Rectangular Enclosure at High Rayleigh Numbers

Journal of Heat Transfer ◽

10.1115/1.1336511 ◽

2000 ◽

Vol 123 (1) ◽

pp. 84-95 ◽

Cited By ~ 14

Author(s):

C. J. Ho ◽

F. J. Tu

Keyword(s):

Natural Convection ◽

Vertical Wall ◽

Three Dimensional ◽

Temperature Fields ◽

Convection Flow ◽

Oscillatory Convection ◽

Uniform Temperature ◽

Density Maximum ◽

Rectangular Enclosure ◽

Rayleigh Numbers

An experimental and numerical investigation is presented concerning the natural convection of water near its maximum-density in a differentially heated rectangular enclosure at high Rayleigh numbers, in which an oscillatory convection regime may arise. The water in a tall enclosure of Ay=8 is initially at rest and at a uniform temperature below 4°C and then the temperature of the hot vertical wall is suddenly raised and kept at a uniform temperature above 4°C. The cold vertical wall is maintained at a constant uniform temperature equal to that of the initial temperature of the water. The top and bottom walls are insulated. Using thermally sensitive liquid crystal particles as tracers, flow and temperature fields of a temporally oscillatory convection was documented experimentally for RaW=3.454×105 with the density inversion parameter θm=0.5. The oscillatory convection features a cyclic sequence of onset at the lower quarter-height region, growth, and decay of the upward-drifting secondary vortices within counter-rotating bicellular flows in the enclosure. Two and three-dimensional numerical simulations corresponding to the visualization experiments are undertaken. Comparison of experimental with numerical results reveals that two-dimensional numerical simulation captures the main features of the observed convection flow.

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Three-dimensional dynamics of temperature fields in phantoms and biotissue under IR laser photothermal therapy using gold nanoparticles and ICG dye

10.1117/12.848554 ◽

2010 ◽

Author(s):

Georgy G. Akchurin ◽

Akchurin G. Garif ◽

Irina L. Maksimova ◽

Alexander A. Skaptsov ◽

Georgy S. Terentyuk ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Gold Nanoparticles ◽

Photothermal Therapy ◽

Three Dimensional ◽

Temperature Fields ◽

Ir Laser ◽

Laser Photothermal Therapy

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Parameterizing the impact of vegetated urban canopies on wind and temperature fields by using a simple nudging method

10.5194/ems2021-394 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Ge Cheng ◽

David Grawe ◽

K. Heinke Schlünzen

Keyword(s):

Mesoscale Model ◽

Three Dimensional ◽

Urban Canopy ◽

Temperature Fields ◽

Simple Method ◽

Local Climate ◽

Local Climate Zones ◽

Urban Canopy Parameterizations ◽

The Impact ◽

Nudging Method

<p>Nudging is a simple method that aims to dynamically adjust the model toward the observations by including an additional feedback term in the model governing equation. This method is widely applied in data assimilation due to its simple implementation and reasonable model results. The basic concept of nudging is similar to that of urban canopy parameterization, in which additional terms are usually added in the conservation equations of momentum and energy aiming to simulate the canopy effects. However, few studies have investigated the implementation of nudging methods in urban canopy parameterizations. In this study we developed a multi-layer urban canopy parameterization (UCP) by using a nudging approach to represent the impacts of vegetated urban canopies on temperatures and winds in mesoscale models.</p><p>The difficulty of developing UCP by using a nudging method lies in defining appropriate values for the nudging coefficients and the forcing fields (e.g. indoor temperature fields for temperature nudging). To determine nudging coefficients, we use three major urban canopy morphological parameters: building height, frontal area density and building density. The ranges of these parameters are taken from the values for the Local Climate Zones datasets, in our case for the city of Hamburg. The UCP is employed in the three -dimensional atmospheric mesoscale model METRAS. Results show that this UCP can well simulate wind-blocking effects induced from obstacles as buildings and trees and urban heat island phenomenon for cities. Thus, nudging is an efficient and effective method that can be used for urban canopy parameterizations. However, as well known for nudging, it is not conserving energy. Therefore, we investigated the energy loss by tracking the reduced kinetic energy and internal energy. The UCP and model results will be presented.</p>

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