scholarly journals Dynamics of a small population of endangered huemul deer (Hippocamelus bisulcus) in Chilean Patagonia

2010 ◽  
Vol 91 (3) ◽  
pp. 690-697 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paulo Corti ◽  
Heiko U. Wittmer ◽  
Marco Festa-Bianchet
Keyword(s):  
Small Population ◽  
Hippocamelus Bisulcus ◽  
Chilean Patagonia

scholarly journals Dynamics of a small population of endangered huemul deer (Hippocamelus bisulcus) in Chilean Patagonia

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
P Corti ◽  
Heiko Wittmer ◽  
M Festa-Bianchet
Keyword(s):  
Quantitative Information ◽  
Small Population ◽  
Adult Survival ◽  
South American ◽  
Hippocamelus Bisulcus ◽  
Rate Of Increase ◽  
Chilean Patagonia ◽  
Recovery Strategies ◽  
Female Survival ◽  
American Society

Conservation of huemul (Hippocamelus bisulcus), an endangered South American deer, is hindered by a lack of quantitative information on its population dynamics. We conducted a 3-year study in Chilean Patagonia to assess the dynamics of huemul by monitoring known individuals. We fitted 55 deer of all sexage classes with either radiocollars, radio ear tags, or conventional ear tags, and identified 33 additional deer through natural marks. KaplanMeier estimates revealed that annual survival of adult females was high and stable (0•94 ± 0•07 SD), but survival of female fawns was low and variable (0•13 ± 0•18). Predation was the predominant cause of mortality for deer of all age classes. Fertility rates were lower (0•72 ± 0•20) than in other cervids of similar size. Simulations of the finite rate of increase (λ) suggest that the population is currently stable. Sensitivity analysis showed that any decrease in adult female survival would have drastic effects on λ. Consequently, management should maintain high adult survival and improve recruitment. Continued monitoring of individuals is required to provide baseline data for comparison with other populations and to inform recovery strategies of small and fragmented populations. © 2010 American Society of Mammalogists.

scholarly journals Dynamics of a small population of endangered huemul deer (Hippocamelus bisulcus) in Chilean Patagonia

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
P Corti ◽  
Heiko Wittmer ◽  
M Festa-Bianchet
Keyword(s):  
Quantitative Information ◽  
Small Population ◽  
Adult Survival ◽  
South American ◽  
Hippocamelus Bisulcus ◽  
Rate Of Increase ◽  
Chilean Patagonia ◽  
Recovery Strategies ◽  
Female Survival ◽  
American Society

Conservation of huemul (Hippocamelus bisulcus), an endangered South American deer, is hindered by a lack of quantitative information on its population dynamics. We conducted a 3-year study in Chilean Patagonia to assess the dynamics of huemul by monitoring known individuals. We fitted 55 deer of all sexage classes with either radiocollars, radio ear tags, or conventional ear tags, and identified 33 additional deer through natural marks. KaplanMeier estimates revealed that annual survival of adult females was high and stable (0•94 ± 0•07 SD), but survival of female fawns was low and variable (0•13 ± 0•18). Predation was the predominant cause of mortality for deer of all age classes. Fertility rates were lower (0•72 ± 0•20) than in other cervids of similar size. Simulations of the finite rate of increase (λ) suggest that the population is currently stable. Sensitivity analysis showed that any decrease in adult female survival would have drastic effects on λ. Consequently, management should maintain high adult survival and improve recruitment. Continued monitoring of individuals is required to provide baseline data for comparison with other populations and to inform recovery strategies of small and fragmented populations. © 2010 American Society of Mammalogists.

Blood Mineral Concentrations in the Endangered Huemul Deer (Hippocamelus bisulcus) from Chilean Patagonia

2014 ◽  
Vol 50 (1) ◽  
pp. 146-149 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ricardo H. Chihuailaf ◽  
Valentina B. Stevenson ◽  
Cristián Saucedo ◽  
Paulo Corti
Keyword(s):  
Hippocamelus Bisulcus ◽  
Chilean Patagonia ◽  
Mineral Concentrations

Observations of a coastal population of huemul, Hippocamelus bisulcus (Artiodactyla: Cervidae) in Riesco Island, Magallanes Region, Chile: a conservation opportunity

Mammalia ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Dario Moreira-Arce ◽  
Diego A. Peñaranda ◽  
Rodrigo Lopéz ◽  
Gregor J. Stipicic ◽  
Ezequiel Hidalgo-Hermoso ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
National Park ◽  
Secondary Forest ◽  
Breeding Population ◽  
Austral Spring ◽  
Coastal Population ◽  
Hippocamelus Bisulcus ◽  
Chilean Patagonia

Abstract We document the presence of a huemul population on Cabo León, Riesco Island, Chilean Patagonia 15 years after its first assessment, providing ecological insights for this southernmost coastal population. During Austral spring 2018 we recorded indirect signs of huemul presence and five individuals including one yearling across 35 km of trails, estimating a density of 2.3 ind/km2. Records were distributed in dense secondary forest, at low elevations and slopes. These observations suggest the presence of a breeding population, favored by the establishment of a private reserve and the reduction of livestock, along with the recently established Kawésqar National Park.

Surgical Case

2018 ◽  
Vol 9 (SPL1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ali Hameed Al-Badri
Keyword(s):  
Diagnostic Delay ◽  
Small Population ◽  
Negative Appendectomy ◽  
Time Cost ◽  
Voluntary Cough ◽  
Suspected Appendicitis ◽  
Sharp Pain ◽  
Clinical Syndromes ◽  
Negative Appendectomy Rate ◽  
Classical Symptom

Appendicitis is a common and urgentsurgical illness with protean manifestations,generous overlap with other clinical syndromes,and significant morbidity,whichincreases with diagnostic delay. No single sign,symptom,or diagnostic test accurately confirms the diagnosis ofappendiceal inflammation in all cases. The surgeon's goals are to evaluate a relatively small population of patients referred for suspected appendicitis and to minimize the negative appendectomy rate without increasing the incidence of perforation. The emergency department clinician must evaluate the larger group of patients who present to the ED with abdominal pain of all etiologies with the goal of approaching 100% sensitivity for the diagnosis in a time-,cost-,and consultation-efficient manner.IN 1886Reginald fitz, pathologist 1st described the clinical condition of A.A.Fewyears laterCharles mcBurney describe the clinical finding ofA.A.55% of patients presented with classical symptom of A.A so complication occurbecauseof atypical presentation which due to variation in app. Position, age of patient & degree of inflammation.Migrating pain 80% sensitive and specific Vomiting 50% Nausea60 -90 %Anorexia 75 % Diarrhea18 % 32 % has similar attach 90 % RLQ tenderness Marklesign 74 %Dunphy's sign (sharp pain in the RLQ elicited by a voluntary cough) may be helpful in making the clinical diagnosis of localized peritonitis. Similarly,RLQ pain in response to percussion of a remote quadrant of the abdomen,or to firm percussion of the patient's heel,suggests peritoneal Inflammation

Potential of Mesenchymal Stem Cells in Anti-Cancer Therapies

2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (6) ◽  
pp. 482-491 ◽  
Author(s):  
Milena Kostadinova ◽  
Milena Mourdjeva
Keyword(s):  
Cancer Cells ◽  
Small Population ◽  
Tumor Formation ◽  
Bioactive Molecules ◽  
Cancer Therapies ◽  
New Methods ◽  
Cycle Arrest ◽  
Anti Cancer ◽  
Blocking Mechanisms

Mesenchymal stem/stromal cells (MSCs) are localized throughout the adult body as a small population in the stroma of the tissue concerned. In injury, tissue damage, or tumor formation, they are activated and leave their niche to migrate to the site of injury, where they release a plethora of growth factors, cytokines, and other bioactive molecules. With the accumulation of data about the interaction between MSCs and tumor cells, the dualistic role of MSCs remains unclear. However, a large number of studies have demonstrated the natural anti-tumor properties inherent in MSCs, so this is the basis for intensive research for new methods using MSCs as a tool to suppress cancer cell development. This review focuses specifically on advanced approaches in modifying MSCs to become a powerful, precision- targeted tool for killing cancer cells, but not normal healthy cells. Suppression of tumor growth by MSCs can be accomplished by inducing apoptosis or cell cycle arrest, suppressing tumor angiogenesis, or blocking mechanisms mediating metastasis. In addition, the chemosensitivity of cancer cells may be increased so that the dose of the chemotherapeutic agent used could be significantly reduced.

The Grass is Always Greener on the Other Side of the Fence: Making a Transition from Student Affairs Administrator to Full-Time Faculty

NASPA Journal ◽  
2004 ◽  
Vol 41 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Phyllis McCluskey-Titus ◽  
Tony W. Cawthon
Keyword(s):  
Student Affairs ◽  
Small Population ◽  
Full Time ◽  
Personnel Preparation ◽  
Administrative Positions ◽  
Faculty Position ◽  
Student Affairs Practitioners ◽  
Graduate Preparation ◽  
Student Personnel ◽  
Time Faculty

A research study was conducted using the small population of current graduate preparation faculty who were both NASPA members and former student affairs practitioners (n=38). The purpose of this study was to discover the benefits and challenges faced by practitioners when moving from an administrative position to a full-time faculty position in a student personnel preparation program. The following subjects were considered in this study: factors respondents considered when moving to a full-time faculty position, challenges respondents encountered in making the career change, differences between former administrative positions and current faculty positions, and type of preparation respondents reported were necessary for success in a faculty role. Some of the positive differences respondents described included: control over their quality of life, the ability to focus on teaching and research, and the ability to contribute to the profession. Certain challenges were recounted by respondents such as adjusting to the faculty culture and work expectations, development of a research agenda, having fewer resources as a full-time faculty member, and a difference in quality and nature of relationships.

The Politics of Distance Edcucation

Public Voices ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 3
Author(s):  
Mark Peterson
Keyword(s):  
Higher Education ◽  
Distance Education ◽  
Interactive Television ◽  
Small Population ◽  
The Internet ◽  
Instructional Software ◽  
College Level ◽  
Web Based ◽  
Political Perceptions ◽  
Fiscal Efficiency

"Distance education" at the college level is well over a century old.  It has served the needs of a numerically large, but proportionately small population of learners who have eschewed the campus classroom.  These correspondence school enrollees, educational TV watchers, and audiocassette listeners have had only modest impact on the structure, mission, and strategy of the institutions serving them.  But that is now changing, and changing very dramatically.  The advent of the Internet, interactive television technology, and web-based instructional software, coupled with administrative and political perceptions of educational reformation and fiscal efficiency, may be causing nothing less than a revolution in higher education.  By applying a feminist model of assessment called "unthinking technology," that is to say, exploring the potential, but unthought of socio-political aspects of this technological revolution, this paper raises significant questions about the security of the traditional academic enterprise.  "The Politics of Distance Education" urges a pro-active embrace of these technologies by the academy in order to enable a legitimate "competency for grievance" so that the protection of the validity of higher education, and legitimacy of the academic profession can be ethically defended and publicly respected, rather than being viewed as mulish resistance to the inevitable.

Evolutionary genetics of small populations

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Richard Frankham ◽  
Jonathan D. Ballou ◽  
Katherine Ralls ◽  
Mark D. B. Eldridge ◽  
Michele R. Dudash ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Population Size ◽  
Evolutionary Genetics ◽  
Small Population ◽  
Small Populations ◽  
Effective Population ◽  
Genetic Management ◽  
Evolutionary Genetic ◽  
Loss Of Genetic Diversity ◽  
Number Of Individuals

Genetic management of fragmented populations involves the application of evolutionary genetic theory and knowledge to alleviate problems due to inbreeding and loss of genetic diversity in small population fragments. Populations evolve through the effects of mutation, natural selection, chance (genetic drift) and gene flow (migration). Large outbreeding, sexually reproducing populations typically contain substantial genetic diversity, while small populations typically contain reduced levels. Genetic impacts of small population size on inbreeding, loss of genetic diversity and population differentiation are determined by the genetically effective population size, which is usually much smaller than the number of individuals.

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