Comparison of Brook Trout Abundance and Distribution in Vermont's Streams between the 1950s and the 2000s

2021 ◽  
Vol 28 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jud F. Kratzer ◽  
Peter McHugh ◽  
Richard Kirn ◽  
William H. Eldridge
Keyword(s):  
Brook Trout ◽  
The 1950S ◽  
Abundance And Distribution

From Catastrophe to Recovery: Stories of Fishery Management Success

2019 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Brook Trout ◽  
Fishery Management ◽  
Political Support ◽  
Management Actions ◽  
Natural Reproduction ◽  
The 1950S ◽  
1960S And 1970S ◽  
The 1960S ◽  
Adirondack Mountain ◽  
Broad Understanding

<i>Abstract</i>.—Recovery of Brook Trout <i>Salvelinus fontinalis</i> in an Adirondack (New York, USA) lake that was subject to anthropogenic acidification provides a remarkable example of fishery improvement in response to environmental regulation. Studies initiated in the 1950s following a steady decline in Brook Trout populations helped document this recovery. Unsuccessful efforts to maintain a fishery in Honnedaga Lake with hatchery-reared fish in the 1950s forced managers to look beyond stocking, the primary approach employed until that time. As a result, fishery scientists collaborated in the 1960s and 1970s with researchers from other disciplines, providing a broad understanding of atmospheric inputs, watershed processes, and chemical interactions influencing lakes and streams. Extensive studies in the 1980s confirmed the connection between Brook Trout mortality and airborne emissions of strong acid nitrogen and sulfur compounds that released toxic inorganic aluminum from increasingly acidic soils. Political debates in that decade focused on federal regulatory efforts to reduce these emissions, which culminated in passage of the Clean Air Act Amendments of 1990. Within the next decade, Brook Trout that took refuge within a few well-buffered, groundwater-fed tributaries began to recolonize Honnedaga Lake as conditions improved in the main lake due to reduced atmospheric deposition of sulfur dioxide and nitrogen oxides. Since then, management of Honnedaga Lake in the 21st century relied upon natural reproduction by wild Brook Trout. Ultimately, social and political decisions made far away from the Adirondack Mountain region developed regulations that fostered recovery of the Honnedaga Lake fishery by restoring necessary water-chemistry conditions. The recovery of Honnedaga Lake highlights three lessons. First, environment and habitat conditions must be suitable before fishery management actions can be effective. This criterion requires a broad understanding of environmental conditions that sustain fisheries, incorporating insights from atmospheric sciences, geology, and limnology. Second, natural reproduction of Brook Trout in Honnedaga Lake successfully increased population abundance without the additional intervention of stocking hatchery-reared fish. Finally, successful management of Honnedaga Lake required political support and regulatory action from beyond the Adirondack region, as well as media attention.

Effects of Fish Introductions and Hydroelectric Development on Fishes in the Kananaskis River System, Alberta

1965 ◽  
Vol 22 (3) ◽  
pp. 721-753 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. S. Nelson
Keyword(s):  
Rainbow Trout ◽  
Brown Trout ◽  
Brook Trout ◽  
Salmo Trutta ◽  
Cutthroat Trout ◽  
River System ◽  
Hydroelectric Development ◽  
Fish Introductions ◽  
Longnose Suckers ◽  
Abundance And Distribution

Changes occurred in the abundance and distribution of fishes in the Kananaskis River system, Alberta, in conjunction with fish introductions and hydroelectric development. Data from surveys from 1936 to 1961 indicate the probable chronology of events.Dolly Varden (Salvelinus malma), brook trout (S. fontinalis), cutthroat trout (Salmo clarkii), and rainbow trout (S. gairdneri) decreased in abundance, probably due to the introduction of brown trout (Salmo trutta), longnose suckers (Catostomus catostomus), and white suckers (C. commersonii), to the cooling of the Kananaskis River from reservoir construction, and to sport fishing. Hybridization between rainbow and cutthroat trout was also important in the decrease of the latter species. After introduction by man, brown trout, rainbow trout, longnose suckers, white suckers, lake chub (Hybopsis plumbea), and longnose dace (Rhinichthys cataractae) greatly increased in abundance. Prior to the increase in numbers of white suckers, a reduction in the numbers of longnose suckers occurred in Lower Kananaskis Reservoir. Little change in the distribution of mountain whitefish (Prosopium williamsoni), longnose dace, and brook sticklebacks (Culaea (= Eucalia) inconstans) occurred over the 25 years. Changes in the physicochemical environment and invertebrate fauna in the reservoirs appeared to be of secondary importance to the interaction among fish in causing the changes in species abundance and distribution.

scholarly journals Abundance and distribution of coprophilous Histerini (Histeridae) and Onthophagus and Aphodius (Scarabaeidae) in Finland (Coleoptera)

1991 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 53-66 ◽  
Author(s):  
Olof Biström ◽  
Hans Silfverberg ◽  
Ilpo Rutanen
Keyword(s):  
Time Factor ◽  
Vulnerable Species ◽  
Agricultural Ecosystems ◽  
Distribution Maps ◽  
The 1950S ◽  
Almost All ◽  
Abundance And Distribution

The distribution and occurrence, with the time-factor taken into consideration, were monitored in Finland for the mainly dung-living histerid genera Margarinotus, Hister, and Atholus (all predators), and for the Scarabaeidae genera Onthophagus and Aphodius, in which almost all species are dung-feeders. All available records from Finland of the 54 species studied were gathered and distribution maps based on the UTM grid are provided for each species with brief comments on the occurrence of the species today. Within the Histeridae the following species showed a decline in their occunence: Margarinotus purpurascens, M. neglectus, Hister funestus, H. bissexstrinatus and Atholus bimaculatus, and within the Scarabaeidae: Onthophagus nuchicornis,O. gibbulus, O. fracticornis, O. similis, Aphodius subterraneus, A. sphacelatus and A. merdarius. The four Onthophagus species and A. sphacelatus disappeared in the 1950s and 1960s and are at present probably extinct in Finland. Changes in the agricultural ecosystems, caused by different kinds of changes in the traditional husbandry, are suggested as a reason for the decline in the occurrence of certain vulnerable species.

Rethinking the 1950s

2013 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jennifer A. Delton
Keyword(s):  
The 1950S

On the Individual

1999 ◽  
Vol 4 (4) ◽  
pp. 205-218 ◽  
Author(s):  
David Magnusson
Keyword(s):  
School Psychologist ◽  
Real Life ◽  
Psychological Research ◽  
Developmental Research ◽  
Future Directions ◽  
The 1950S ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Over Time

A description of two cases from my time as a school psychologist in the middle of the 1950s forms the background to the following question: Has anything important happened since then in psychological research to help us to a better understanding of how and why individuals think, feel, act, and react as they do in real life and how they develop over time? The studies serve as a background for some general propositions about the nature of the phenomena that concerns us in developmental research, for a summary description of the developments in psychological research over the last 40 years as I see them, and for some suggestions about future directions.

Summer bird abundance and distribution on set-aside fields on intensive arable farms in England

Ecography ◽  
2000 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
pp. 50-59 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ian G. Henderson ◽  
Juliet A. Vickery ◽  
Robert J. Fuller
Keyword(s):  
Bird Abundance ◽  
Abundance And Distribution
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