Late Cambrian (Furongian; Paibian, Steptoean) agnostoid arthropods from the Cow Head Group, western Newfoundland

2012 ◽  
Vol 86 (2) ◽  
pp. 201-237 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stephen R. Westrop ◽  
Jennifer D. Eoff
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
British Columbia ◽  
New Species ◽  
North America ◽  
Western United States ◽  
Type Material ◽  
Head Group ◽  
Western North America ◽  
Late Cambrian

Nine agnostoid species from late Cambrian (Paibian: Steptoean) boulders from the Cow Head Group in western Newfoundland fall into three biostratigraphically distinct faunas. The Glyptagnostus reticulatus Fauna contains only the eponymous species and correlates with the lower part of the Paibian and the basal Steptoean of North America. The “Innitagnostus” inexpectans Fauna is more diverse and likely correlates into part of the lower Steptoean Aphelaspis Zone of western North America. The youngest fauna, the Acmarhachis kindlei n. sp. Fauna, also includes species of Homagnostus and Pseudagnostus, as well as a second new species of Acmarhachis, A. whittingtoni. It probably correlates with the Dunderbergia Zone (mid-Pabian and mid-Steptoean) of the western United States. The Laurentian species Acmarhachis typicalis Resser (1938) and A. acuta (Kobayashi, 1938) are evaluated from restudy of type material, and types of “Innitagnostus” inexpectans (Kobayashi, 1938) from British Columbia are also reillustrated.

scholarly journals The impact of bark beetle infestation on monoterpene emissions and secondary organic aerosol formation in Western North America

2012 ◽  
Vol 12 (11) ◽  
pp. 29763-29800 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. R. Berg ◽  
C. L. Heald ◽  
K. E. Huff Hartz ◽  
A. G. Hallar ◽  
A. J. H. Meddens ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
British Columbia ◽  
North America ◽  
Bark Beetle ◽  
Secondary Organic Aerosol ◽  
Organic Aerosol ◽  
Western United States ◽  
Mortality Data ◽  
Western North America ◽  
The Impact

Abstract. Over the last decade, extensive beetle outbreaks in Western North America have destroyed over 100 000 km2 of forest throughout British Columbia and the Western United States. Beetle infestations impact monoterpene emissions through both decreased emissions as trees are killed (mortality effect) and increased emissions in trees under attack (attack effect). We use 14 yr of beetle mortality data together with beetle-induced monoterpene concentration data in the National Center for Atmospheric Research (NCAR) Community Earth System Model (CESM) to investigate the impact of beetle mortality and attack on monoterpene emissions and secondary organic aerosol (SOA) formation in Western North America. Regionally, beetle infestations may have a significant impact on monoterpene emissions and SOA concentrations, with up to a 4-fold increase in monoterpene emissions and up to a 40% increase in SOA concentrations in some years (following a scenario where the attack effect is based on observed lodgepole pine response). Responses to beetle attack depend on the extent of previous mortality and the number of trees under attack in a given year, which can vary greatly over space and time. Simulated enhancements peak in 2004 (British Columbia) and 2008 (US). Responses to beetle attack are shown to be substantially larger (up to a 3-fold localized increase in SOA concentrations) when following a scenario based on bark-beetle attack in spruce trees. Placed in the context of observations from the IMPROVE network, the changes in SOA concentrations due to beetle attack are in most cases small compared to the large annual and interannual variability in total organic aerosol which is driven by wildfire activity in Western North America. This indicates that most beetle-induced SOA changes are not likely detectable in current observation networks; however these changes may impede efforts to achieve natural visibility conditions in the national parks and wilderness areas of the Western United States.

scholarly journals The impact of bark beetle infestations on monoterpene emissions and secondary organic aerosol formation in western North America

2013 ◽  
Vol 13 (6) ◽  
pp. 3149-3161 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. R. Berg ◽  
C. L. Heald ◽  
K. E. Huff Hartz ◽  
A. G. Hallar ◽  
A. J. H. Meddens ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
British Columbia ◽  
North America ◽  
Bark Beetle ◽  
Tree Mortality ◽  
Secondary Organic Aerosol ◽  
Organic Aerosol ◽  
Western United States ◽  
Western North America ◽  
The Impact

Abstract. Over the last decade, extensive beetle outbreaks in western North America have destroyed over 100 000 km2 of forest throughout British Columbia and the western United States. Beetle infestations impact monoterpene emissions through both decreased emissions as trees are killed (mortality effect) and increased emissions in trees under attack (attack effect). We use 14 yr of beetle-induced tree mortality data together with beetle-induced monoterpene emission data in the National Center for Atmospheric Research (NCAR) Community Earth System Model (CESM) to investigate the impact of beetle-induced tree mortality and attack on monoterpene emissions and secondary organic aerosol (SOA) formation in western North America. Regionally, beetle infestations may have a significant impact on monoterpene emissions and SOA concentrations, with up to a 4-fold increase in monoterpene emissions and up to a 40% increase in SOA concentrations in some years (in a scenario where the attack effect is based on observed lodgepole pine response). Responses to beetle attack depend on the extent of previous mortality and the number of trees under attack in a given year, which can vary greatly over space and time. Simulated enhancements peak in 2004 (British Columbia) and 2008 (US). Responses to beetle attack are shown to be substantially larger (up to a 3-fold localized increase in summertime SOA concentrations) in a scenario based on bark-beetle attack in spruce trees. Placed in the context of observations from the IMPROVE network, the changes in SOA concentrations due to beetle attack are in most cases small compared to the large annual and interannual variability in total organic aerosol which is driven by wildfire activity in western North America. This indicates that most beetle-induced SOA changes are not likely detectable in current observation networks; however, these changes may impede efforts to achieve natural visibility conditions in the national parks and wilderness areas of the western United States.

Neritoptyx hogansoninew species (Gastropoda, Mollusca) from the Upper Cretaceous Fox Hills Formation on the Dakota Isthmus, western United States

2018 ◽  
Vol 93 (2) ◽  
pp. 278-290
Author(s):  
J. Mark Erickson
Keyword(s):  
Heat Transfer ◽  
United States ◽  
New Species ◽  
North America ◽  
Upper Cretaceous ◽  
Gulf Coast ◽  
Western United States ◽  
Western Interior Seaway ◽  
Decapod Crustaceans ◽  
Upper Maastrichtian

AbstractIn midcontinent North America, the Fox Hills Formation (Upper Cretaceous, upper Maastrichtian) preserves the last marine faunas in the central Western Interior Seaway (WIS).Neritoptyx hogansoninew species, a small littoral snail, exhibited allometric change from smooth to corded ornament and rounded to shouldered shape during growth. Specimens preserve a zig-zag pigment pattern that changes to an axial pattern during growth.Neritoptyx hogansoninew species was preyed on by decapod crustaceans, and spent shells were occupied by pagurid crabs. Dead mollusk shells, particularly those ofCrassostrea subtrigonalis(Evans and Shumard, 1857), provided a hard substrate to which they adhered on the Fox Hills tidal flats. This new neritimorph gastropod establishes a paleogeographic and chronostratigraphic proxy for intertidal conditions on the Dakota Isthmus during the late Maastrichtian. Presence of a neritid extends the marine tropical/temperate boundary in the WIS northward to ~44° late Maastrichtian paleolatitude. Late Maastrichtian closure of the isthmus subsequently altered marine heat transfer by interrupting northward flow of tropical currents from the Gulf Coast by as much as 1 to 1.5 million years before the Cretaceous ended.UUID:http://zoobank.org/3ba56c07-fcca-4925-a2f0-df663fc3a06b

NEW NEARCTIC CRANE-FLIES (TIPULIDAE, DIPTERA), PART XIX

1943 ◽  
Vol 75 (8) ◽  
pp. 139-145 ◽  
Author(s):  
Charles P. Alexander
Keyword(s):  
British Columbia ◽  
North America ◽  
Type Material ◽  
Western North America ◽  
Crane Flies ◽  
The Individual

The crane-flies considered herewith are all from Western North America, from British Columbia to California. The names of the collectors and the location of the type material are indicated at the end of the individual specific accounts; where not stated to the contrary, such types are preserved in my own collection of these flies.

A New Gunnel, Pholis clemensi, from the Coast of Western North America

1964 ◽  
Vol 21 (5) ◽  
pp. 933-939 ◽  
Author(s):  
Richard H. Rosenblatt
Keyword(s):  
British Columbia ◽  
New Species ◽  
North America ◽  
North American ◽  
North American Species ◽  
Western North America ◽  
The North ◽  
The Family ◽  
Juan De Fuca ◽  
A New Species

A new species, Pholis clemensi, referred to the family Pholidae, is named and described from 12 specimens taken in southern British Columbia waters and the Strait of Juan de Fuca. Pholis clemensi is compared with other members of the genus, and a key is given to the North American species.

The millipede family Striariidae Bollman, 1893. II. New records and species of the genus Amplaria Chamberlin, 1941 (Diplopoda, Chordeumatida, Striarioidea)

Zootaxa ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 4908 (2) ◽  
pp. 205-224
Author(s):  
WILLIAM A. SHEAR
Keyword(s):  
British Columbia ◽  
New Species ◽  
North America ◽  
New Records ◽  
Western North America ◽  
San Luis ◽  
Senior Synonym ◽  
Northern Idaho

The millipede genus Amplaria Chamberlin, 1941 (senior synonym of Vaferaria Causey, 1958 and Speostriaria Causey, 1960) is endemic to western North America, from Mt. Palomar and San Luis Obispo, California, north to southwestern British Columbia, Canada, and east to northern Idaho. Seven species names are currently assigned to the genus. Below I describe ten additional new species: Amplaria crawfordi, Amplaria fontinalis, Amplaria rykkenae, Amplaria arcata, Amplaria baughi, Amplaria staceyi, Amplaria umatilla, Amplaria cervus, Amplaria mendocino and Amplaria flucticulus, and provide new records of Amplaria nazinta Chamberlin. 

Taxonomy and correlation of Lower Triassic (Spathian) segminate conodonts from Oman and revision of some species ofNeospathodus

1995 ◽  
Vol 69 (1) ◽  
pp. 110-122 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. J. Orchard
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
North America ◽  
Lower Triassic ◽  
Type Material ◽  
Western North America ◽  
Key Species ◽  
One New Species ◽  
Distinct Taxon

Exceptionally well preserved Lower Triassic conodonts from Oman include an array ofNeospathodusspecies, many of which are new. Those from the upper Lower Triassic, or Spathian, are described in conjunction with a restudy of conodont type material from Chios, Greece, and an assessment of contemporary collections from Pakistan and western North America. The taxonomic scope of three key species from Chios,Neospathodus homeri, N. triangularis, andN. gondolelloides, is revised. Seven new species are described from Oman:N. abruptus, N. brevissimus, N. brochus, N. crassatus, N. curtatus, N. pusillus, andN. symmetricus;and one new species,N. clinatus, is described from Pakistan. The alliedIcriospathodus collinsoniis also described from Oman. The occurrence and range ofNeospathodusspecies are presented in the context of the ammonoid succession in the Spathian of North America. BothN. homeriandN. triangularis, as revised, have shorter ranges and are more age diagnostic than previously thought.Neospathodus gondolelloidesis a distinct taxon, and not synonymous withChiosella timorensis.Five informal faunal divisions are identified based onNeospathodusand allied species. In ascending stratigraphic order, these are typified byIcriospathodus collinsoni, Neospathodus homeri, N. triangularis, N. symmetricus, andN. gondolelloides.Oman collections represent three of these faunas, which occur also in theColumbitesthroughProhungarites/Subcolumbitesammonoid beds of western U.S.A.

SPECIES OF THE GENUS PINALITUS KELTON FOUND IN NORTH AMERICA (HETEROPTERA: MIRIDAE)

1977 ◽  
Vol 109 (12) ◽  
pp. 1549-1554 ◽  
Author(s):  
Leonard A. Kelton
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
British Columbia ◽  
North America ◽  
Western United States ◽  
Key To Species ◽  
European Species

AbstractOrthops rubricatus (Fallén), a European species now known to occur in North America, is transferred to the genus Pinalitus Kelton. Pinalitus solivagus (Van Duzee) is reported from British Columbia, and P. utahensis Knight and P. brevirostris Knight are considered to be synonyms of it. Pinalitus rostratus n. sp. is described from Canada and western United States. Pinalitus californicus Knight is transferred to the genus Proba Distant. A key to species is provided.

ERGASILUS NERKAE N. SP. (COPEPODA: CYCLOPOIDA) FROM BRITISH COLUMBIA WITH A DISCUSSION OF THE COPEPODS OF THE E. CAERULEUS GROUP

1963 ◽  
Vol 41 (1) ◽  
pp. 115-124 ◽  
Author(s):  
Larry S. Roberts
Keyword(s):  
British Columbia ◽  
New Species ◽  
North America ◽  
Parasitic Copepod ◽  
Western North America ◽  
A New Species ◽  
Copepoda Cyclopoida

A new species of parasitic copepod occurring in western North America is described, Ergasilus nerkae n. sp. An emendation of E. turgidus Fraser, 1920 and a redescription of E. auritus Markevich, 1940 are presented. A total of four species resembling E. caeruleus (E. turgidus, E. confusus Bere, 1931, E. auritus, and E. nerkae) have so far been described, and characters to distinguish the species of this group are given.

scholarly journals AN ASSESSMENT OF LATE PLEISTOCENE TO MIDDLE HOLOCENE LAKE LEVEL FLUCTUATIONS IN SURPRISE VALLEY, CALIFORNIA

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel Enrique Ibarra
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
North America ◽  
Late Pleistocene ◽  
General Circulation ◽  
Lake Level ◽  
Basin And Range ◽  
Future Climate ◽  
Western United States ◽  
Western North America ◽  
Ocean General Circulation

Knowledge of Earth’s climate history and sensitivity, combined with modeling past and future climate, are central to informing policy decisions regarding future climate change. The hydrologic response to future warming scenarios due to increased anthropogenic CO2 emissions remains uncertain. Freshwater availability in the arid western United States is projected to decrease in availability as increased agricultural, urban and industrial uses continue to stress supplies. Motivated by the potential for dramatic future hydrologic changes, studies recording the abrupt transitions between different equilibrium states of natural past climate variability shed light on our understanding of the modern climate system.The presence of pluvial lakes in the Basin and Range Province, in the western United States, during the late Pleistocene (40 to 10 ka) indicates far greater moisture availability during the Pleistocene glacials. This study investigates the timing and magnitude of the most recent pluvial lake cycle that filled Surprise Valley, California using geophysical, geochemical and geochronologic tools. Spanning 31.2 to 4.6 ka, this new lake level record places the highest lake level, at 180 meters above present day playa, at 13.9 ± 1.2 ka. This age appears to be nearly synchronous with highstands of Lake Lahontan to the south and the Chewaucan Basin to the north. Additionally, most of the Basin and Range lake highstands, including Lake Surprise, follow peaks in precipitation minus evapotranspiration (P-ET) by 8-10 kyr. By compiling a diverse set of paleoclimate data available for western North America, I found that the timing and geographic distribution of lake highstands is inconsistent with increased precipitation in response to shifting westerly winds, the current model for the genesis of large lakes in western North America. Rather, lakes levels are more strongly correlated with changes in summer insolation, suggesting that lake highstands were likely facilitated by colder temperatures and increased humidity due to the presence of continental ice sheets and increased atmospheric convergence. I compared the constraints from lake and soil-based records to Atmosphere-Ocean General Circulation Model simulations from the Paleoclimate Model Intercomparison Project 2. Based on model-proxy intercomparison, the Atmosphere-Ocean General Circulation Models, the same models used to also assess future climatic changes, poorly predict hydrologic quantities for the Last Glacial Maximum.

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