OBSERVATIONS ON THE ASSAY OF HUMAN URINARY FOLLICLE-STIMULATING HORMONE BY THE AUGMENTATION TEST IN MICE

1966 ◽  
Vol 35 (2) ◽  
pp. 199-206 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. S. BROWN ◽  
M. WELLS
Keyword(s):  
No Value ◽  
Follicle Stimulating Hormone ◽  
Chorionic Gonadotrophin ◽  
Human Chorionic Gonadotrophin ◽  
High Potency ◽  
Human Pituitary ◽  
Ovarian Weight ◽  
C3h Mice ◽  
C57bl Mice ◽  
Stimulating Hormone

SUMMARY The follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) content of urinary gonadotrophic extracts was assayed by its effect on the ovarian weight of immature mice when given in conjunction with 40 i.u. human chorionic gonadotrophin. About three-quarters of all routine assays gave values of λ between 0·15 and 0·30. Precision was slightly increased when the material was given in three rather than in five injections. Correction of ovarian weight for body weight was either invalid or of no value in reducing variance. Removal of between-litter variance increased precision considerably. Mice of three randomly bred colonies were all satisfactory, and inbred C57BL mice were also suitable for the assay. C3H mice were less sensitive. The efficiency of different methods of extracting FSH from urine was examined. The method of Johnsen (1958) using precipitation with tannic acid was considered the most satisfactory and gave extracts of high potency and low bulk. Limited experiments in which purified human pituitary FSH was assayed with and without added luteinizing hormone, gave results compatible with the assumption that the method is specific for FSH.

Therapeutic use of gonadotrophins and clomiphene

1969 ◽  
Vol 7 (9) ◽  
pp. 33-35
Keyword(s):  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Follicle Stimulating Hormone ◽  
Therapeutic Use ◽  
Chorionic Gonadotrophin ◽  
Human Chorionic Gonadotrophin ◽  
Human Pituitary ◽  
Synthetic Compound ◽  
Pituitary Glands ◽  
Post Menopausal ◽  
Stimulating Hormone

The three substances now used to stimulate the gonads in infertility are human follicle stimulating hormone (HFSH) obtained mainly from post-menopausal urine, but also from human pituitary glands, human chorionic gonadotrophin (HCG) extracted from the urine of pregnant women, and clomiphene (Clomid - Merrell), a synthetic compound which we reviewed in 1967.1

FOLLICLE STIMULATING HORMONE-LIKE ACTIVITY IN HUMAN CHORIONIC GONADOTROPHIN PREPARATIONS

1969 ◽  
Vol 60 (1) ◽  
pp. 137-156 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Robyn ◽  
P. Petrusz ◽  
E. Diczfalusy
Keyword(s):  
Follicle Stimulating Hormone ◽  
Chorionic Gonadotrophin ◽  
Human Chorionic Gonadotrophin ◽  
Female Rats ◽  
Immature Female ◽  
Ovarian Weight ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Immature Rats ◽  
Stimulation Of ◽  
Stimulating Hormone

ABSTRACT The follicle stimulating hormone (FSH)-like activity of human chorionic gonadotrophin (HCG) preparations was assayed by the method based on the ovarian weight augmentation in intact immature rats. The potencies ranged from 4.8 to 7.4 IU equivalents of FSH per mg. The FSH-like potency of the Second International Standard Preparation of HCG was 8.5 IU per vial. However, when in intact immature rats the ovarian weight response to HCG preparations was compared at a wide range of doses (40 to 51 200 IU) to that obtained with a human menopausal gonadotrophin (HMG) preparation (0.5 to 128 IU of FSH) in the presence of 40 IU of HCG, significant differences were found. The assays conducted in hypophysectomised immature female rats were invalid, because of lack of parallelism. Antisera were prepared by immunising rabbits with HCG and human hypophysial gonadotrophin (HHG) preparations and the antigonadotrophin profiles (HCG-, FSH- and FSH-like neutralising potencies) of these antisera were established by the use of statistically valid bioassay procedures. The anti-HCG and anti-HHG sera neutralised the FSH activity of HMG preparations as well as the FSH-like activity of HCG preparations. However, 3 to 175 times more antiserum was required to neutralise the equivalent of 1.0 IU of FSH-like activity present in HCG than expected on the basis of the anti-FSH potency of the antisera. On the other hand, there was a high degree of correlation between the neutralising potencies of the antisera when tested against the FSH-like activity and the HCG activity of various HCG preparations. When the FSH-like activity of an HCG preparation was quantitatively neutralised with an anti-HCG serum, some 30 per cent of the HCG activity remained unneutralised, as evidenced by repeated bioassays. Although at least 2000 IU of this »FSH-free« HCG was administered to groups of intact as well as hypophysectomised immature female rats, this high dose of HCG did not induce an increase in ovarian weight beyond that elicited by 40 IU of untreated HCG. Histological examination of the ovaries indicated lack of follicle stimulation in the hypophysectomised, but not in the intact immature animals. There was an excessive stimulation of the interstitial cells in both types of animals. The data indicate that the FSH-like activity of HCG preparations is neither due to a contamination by FSH of pituitary origin, nor is it an evenly distributed intrinsic property of the HCG molecules. It is also concluded that the gonadotrophic activity of biologically pure HCG in immature hypophysectomised female rats consists of a specific stimulation of the interstitial cell apparatus. Such HCG preparations do not induce any follicle stimulation, not even when administered in excessive doses.

FOLLICLE STIMULATING HORMONE IN THE URINE OF PREGNANT WOMEN

1957 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 107-113 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. R. BUTT ◽  
A. C. CROOKE ◽  
JOYCE D. INGRAM ◽  
BRENDA P. ROUND
Keyword(s):  
Benzoic Acid ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Follicle Stimulating Hormone ◽  
Normal Pregnancy ◽  
Chorionic Gonadotrophin ◽  
Human Chorionic Gonadotrophin ◽  
Ovarian Weight ◽  
Preliminary Results ◽  
Stimulating Hormone

SUMMARY 1. Follicle stimulating hormone (FSH) has been obtained from the urine of pregnant women. 2. It was prepared by adsorption on kaolin from urine which had been treated with benzoic acid to remove excess human chorionic gonadotrophin (HCG) and was assayed by the procedure which depends on the increase in ovarian weight of immature mice treated simultaneously with HCG. 3. Preliminary results are given for the assay of FSH in normal pregnancy.

THE ASSAY OF GONADOTROPHIN FROM URINE OF NON-PREGNANT HUMAN SUBJECTS

1955 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 59-64 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. S. BROWN
Keyword(s):  
Human Subjects ◽  
Follicle Stimulating Hormone ◽  
Chorionic Gonadotrophin ◽  
Human Chorionic Gonadotrophin ◽  
Uterine Weight ◽  
Ovarian Weight ◽  
Stimulating Hormone

SUMMARY Two convenient bioassays of urinary gonadotrophins, using immature mice, are described. The first is based upon the initial doubling of uterine weight. The second, using the ovarian weight response, attempts to increase specificity to follicle stimulating hormone by priming with human chorionic gonadotrophin. The usefulness of both methods is discussed, and the influence of non-specific impurities during the assay of urinary extracts is stressed.

THE EFFECT OF HUMAN GONADOTROPHINS ON THE OVARIES OF RADIOLOGICALLY CASTRATED WOMEN

1964 ◽  
Vol 47 (2) ◽  
pp. 277-284 ◽  
Author(s):  
Arne Lindell
Keyword(s):  
Histological Examination ◽  
Cervical Carcinoma ◽  
Ovarian Function ◽  
Follicle Stimulating Hormone ◽  
Chorionic Gonadotrophin ◽  
Human Chorionic Gonadotrophin ◽  
Human Pituitary ◽  
Hormone Stimulation ◽  
Low Level ◽  
Stimulating Hormone

ABSTRACT Five cases of irradiated cervical carcinoma have been investigated in order to see whether radiological castration completely suppresses ovarian function. After an interval of 7–8 months, and when the oestrogen and pregnanediol excretion had become stabilised at a low level, gonadotrophic hormones were given. Human pituitary follicle stimulating hormone together with human chorionic gonadotrophin were administered in adequate amounts. No effect whatever was seen on the excretion of the three oestrogen fractions investigated, or of pregnanediol. Excretion of 17-OHCS and 17-KS was also unaffected. Histological examination of the ovaries after conclusion of hormone stimulation showed completely atrophic ovaries. As seen in this investigation, the ovarian function after radiological castration is totally abolished and radiological castration produces the same effect as oophorectomy.

scholarly journals Treatment of immature mice with gonadotrophins. The influence of mouse age on the response of ovarian alkaline phosphatase activities to gonadotrophins

1975 ◽  
Vol 152 (2) ◽  
pp. 365-372 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas A. Bramley
Keyword(s):  
Alkaline Phosphatase ◽  
Luteinizing Hormone ◽  
Alkaline Phosphatase Activity ◽  
Follicle Stimulating Hormone ◽  
Chorionic Gonadotrophin ◽  
Human Chorionic Gonadotrophin ◽  
Uterine Weight ◽  
Human Pituitary ◽  
Serum Luteinizing Hormone ◽  
Stimulating Hormone

Treatment of mice aged 23–25 days with chorionic gonadotrophin induced large amounts of an ovarian alkaline phosphatase activity (phosphatase Ib) kinetically distinct from that of untreated ovaries (phosphatase I). The activities of alkaline phosphatase I and Ib varied with age in untreated mice. Phosphatase Ib appeared when serum luteinizing hormone concentrations increased (days 4–10 and days 35–45), and disappeared when concentrations were low (days 11–35). Injection of human chorionic gonadotrophin induced progressively larger amounts of phosphatase Ib activity between day 19 and day 29. However, gonadotrophin treatment failed to induce this activity on days 10–18 and 30–35. Nevertheless, during the latter period, human chorionic gonadotrophin induced especially large increases in uterine weight. Treatment at different ages with sheep luteinizing hormone plus human pituitary follicle-stimulating hormone induced a pattern of response identical with that induced by human chorionic gonadotrophin, although sheep luteinizing hormone alone was ineffective before 35 days. In contrast, human luteinizing hormone induced a response in the absence of exogenous follicle-stimulating hormone.

TREATMENT OF EUNUCHOIDAL MEN WITH HUMAN CHORIONIC GONADOTROPHIN AND FOLLICLE-STIMULATING HORMONE

1968 ◽  
Vol 42 (3) ◽  
pp. 441-451 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. C. CROOKE ◽  
A. G. DAVIES ◽  
R. MORRIS
Keyword(s):  
Follicle Stimulating Hormone ◽  
Combined Treatment ◽  
Chorionic Gonadotrophin ◽  
Human Chorionic Gonadotrophin ◽  
Human Pituitary ◽  
Somatic Development ◽  
Low Concentrations ◽  
Urinary Levels ◽  
Total Body ◽  
Stimulating Hormone

SUMMARY Large doses of human chorionic gonadotrophin and human pituitary follicle-stimulating hormone were given singly and in combination to six eunuchoidal men. None had an increased excretion of urinary gonadotrophin before treatment. Histological examination of the testicles showed very immature germinal epithelium in five of the patients before treatment. Spermatozoa were found histologically in three patients, only after combined treatment with both gonadotrophins. Low concentrations of spermatozoa appeared in semen from two of these patients. One patient was found to have histological evidence of spermatogenesis before treatment but was unable to produce semen. Treatment with chorionic gonadotrophin alone enabled him to produce semen containing up to 15,000,000 spermatozoa per ml. Significant increases were found in the urinary levels of a variety of steroids and in total body potassium after treatment with chorionic gonadotrophin and a variable amount of somatic development took place.

STRAIN VARIATION IN THE ASSAY OF FOLLICLE-STIMULATING HORMONE BY THE OVARIAN AUGMENTATION TEST IN MICE

1970 ◽  
Vol 63 (2) ◽  
pp. 275-282
Author(s):  
E. T. Bell ◽  
D. W. Christie
Keyword(s):  
Follicle Stimulating Hormone ◽  
Chorionic Gonadotrophin ◽  
Human Chorionic Gonadotrophin ◽  
National Institutes Of Health ◽  
Strain Variation ◽  
Ovarian Weight ◽  
Human Menopausal Gonadotrophin ◽  
Reference Preparation ◽  
Very High ◽  
Stimulating Hormone

ABSTRACT Assays of follicle-stimulating hormone from the National Institutes of Health (NIH-FSH-S4) and the Second International Reference Preparation for Human Menopausal Gonadotrophin (IRP-HMG) have been conducted by the mouse ovarian augmentation test in animals of nine strains from five mouse breeders. Two groups of 50 mice from each colony were used to assay NIH-FSH and the Second IRP-HMG. In the experiment with NIH-FSH dosages of 37.5 to 300.0 μg were given together with 40 IU human chorionic gonadotrophin (HCG) in three or five sc injections over three days. When the Second IRP-HMG was assayed dosages of 0.19 to 1.5 IU were administered in five injections with 20 or 40 IU HCG. Little or no ovarian weight increase occurred following NIH-FSH in six out of nine colonies. In the remaining three the index of precision (λ) was very high. Following administration of the Second IRP-HMG a greater increase in ovarian weight occurred but a satisfactory slope was noted in only three colonies. The λ figures were generally lower than with NIH-FSH. It is concluded, that under the conditions used, six out of the nine colonies were not suitable for the assay of FSH by the ovarian augmentation test. Further work would be required to study the reliability criteria of the assay in the remaining three colonies.

DEVELOPMENT AND APPLICATION OF A HETEROLOGOUS RADIOIMMUNOASSAY FOR OVINE FOLLICLE-STIMULATING HORMONE

1976 ◽  
Vol 70 (1) ◽  
pp. 69-79 ◽  
Author(s):  
JUDITH R. McNEILLY ◽  
A. S. McNEILLY ◽  
J. S. WALTON ◽  
F. J. CUNNINGHAM
Keyword(s):  
Follicle Stimulating Hormone ◽  
Rabbit Antiserum ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
Pituitary Hormones ◽  
Chorionic Gonadotrophin ◽  
Human Chorionic Gonadotrophin ◽  
Large Individual ◽  
Human Pituitary ◽  
Individual Variations ◽  
Stimulating Hormone

SUMMARY A highly specific and sensitive heterologous double antibody radioimmunoassay for ovine follicle-stimulating hormone (oFSH) is described in detail. The assay using a rabbit antiserum to human FSH and either 125I-labelled rat FSH or 125I-labelled oFSH as tracer is specific for FSH. A maximum cross-reaction (B/Bo = 50%) of 0·1% was observed with other ovine, rat or human pituitary hormones or human chorionic gonadotrophin. Serum levels of oFSH in samples collected daily throughout the oestrous cycle showed large individual variations. In five out of nine animals a peak of FSH was observed on the day of oestrus.

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