Increased cytosolic free sodium concentrations in platelets from type 2 (non-insulin-dependent) diabetic patients is associated with hypertension

1993 ◽  
Vol 138 (3) ◽  
pp. 565-572 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Tepel ◽  
S. Bauer ◽  
S. Husseini ◽  
A. Raffelsiefer ◽  
W. Zidek
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Diastolic Blood Pressure ◽  
Diabetic Control ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Type 2 Diabetic Patients ◽  
Control Subjects ◽  
Insulin Dependent ◽  
Insulin Dependent Diabetic ◽  
Type 2 Diabetic

ABSTRACT Cytosolic free sodium concentrations ([Na+]i) in intact platelets from 32 type 2 (non-insulin-dependent) diabetic patients and from 27 age- and sex-matched non-diabetic control subjects were measured with the novel sodium-sensitive fluorescent dye sodium-binding-benzofuran-isophthalate. [Na+]i was significantly higher in platelets from type 2 diabetic patients compared with control subjects (40·6 ± 2·4 vs 32·0 ± 2·0 mmol/l, means ± s.e.m., P<0·03). Both systolic and diastolic blood pressure were significantly elevated in diabetic patients compared with control subjects. Analysis of diabetic patients showed a significant association between [Na+]i and diastolic blood pressure (P =0·026). Stimulation of Na/H exchange by thrombin increased [Na+]i in both groups. After inhibition of Na/K/ATPase by ouabain (1 mmol/l), [Na+]i was significantly increased both in diabetic patients and non-diabetic subjects in a similar way (by 40·2 ± 7·3 and 31·7 ± 5·3 mmol/l respectively). It is concluded that increased [Na+]i in cells from type 2 diabetic patients may be related to hypertension. Journal of Endocrinology (1993) 138, 565–572

Characteristics of the Sodium/Hydrogen Exchange in Non-Insulin-Dependent Diabetic Patients with Microalbuminuria and Hypertension

1996 ◽  
Vol 90 (1) ◽  
pp. 13-19 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. Fatima Zaidi ◽  
John S. Yudkin
Keyword(s):  
Exchange Rate ◽  
Diabetic Control ◽  
Buffering Capacity ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Type 2 Diabetic Patients ◽  
Albumin Excretion ◽  
Control Subjects ◽  
Sodium Hydrogen ◽  
Type 2 Diabetic

1. An association has been described between increased sodium/hydrogen (Na+/H+) exchange rates in various cells and microalbuminuria in type 1 diabetic patients. However, no data are available on the Na+/H+ exchange rate in type 2 diabetes and its association with urinary albumin excretion rates. 2. We have estimated platelet sodium-activated proton efflux (Na+/H+ exchange rate), based on a fluorimetric method, in 43 type 2 diabetic patients, of whom 29 were normoalbuminuric and 14 microalbuminuric, and in 10 non-diabetic control subjects. The factors measured were: buffering power, Km for external Na+ and Vmax. of the exchange rate. 3. There were no differences in Km and Vmax. for the Na+/H+ exchange between the subject groups. However, the 14 patients with microalbuminuria showed a significantly lower buffering capacity [17.2 (4.6) mmol l−1 pH unit−1] [mean (SD)] compared with non-diabetic control subjects [21.1 (1.9) mmol l−1 pH unit−1] (P = 0.020). 4. Among the 43 diabetic patients, 16 were hypertensive. These patients had similar characteristics of Na+/H+ exchange to the 27 normotensive diabetic patients and the control subjects. 5. There was no correlation between exchange rate variables of type 2 diabetic patients and fasting concentrations of insulin or albumin excretion rate. 6. We conclude that the platelets of microalbuminuric diabetic patients manifest a significantly lower buffering capacity. This lower buffering capacity may be due to abnormalities of other ion transport systems or to abnormalities in intermediary metabolism.

Carotid artery intima-media thickness is associated with insulin-mediated glucose disposal in nondiabetic normotensive offspring of type 2 diabetic patients

2007 ◽  
Vol 292 (1) ◽  
pp. E347-E352 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marina Cardellini ◽  
Maria Adelaide Marini ◽  
Simona Frontoni ◽  
Marta Letizia Hribal ◽  
Francesco Andreozzi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Blood Cell ◽  
White Blood Cell Count ◽  
White Blood Cell ◽  
Glucose Disposal ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Blood Cell Count ◽  
Type 2 Diabetic Patients ◽  
Type 2 Diabetic

The aim of this study was to investigate whether insulin resistance is independently associated with early manifestations of atherosclerosis. To this end, 176 normotensive offspring of type 2 diabetic patients were subjected to euglycemic hyperinsulinemic clamp to assess insulin sensitivity. Early atherosclerosis was studied by ultrasonography of the common carotid artery. Of the total 176 subjects, 145 were glucose tolerant, 18 had impaired fasting glucose, and 13 had impaired glucose tolerance. Univariate correlations showed that age, body mass index, waist, blood pressure, 2-h postchallenge glucose, fasting insulin, triglycerides, interleukin-6, fibrinogen, and white blood cell count were significantly correlated with carotid intima-media thickness (IMT), whereas HDL cholesterol and glucose disposal showed a negative correlation. A stepwise multivariate regression analysis including sex, age, waist circumference, smoking status, systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure, triglyceride, HDL cholesterol, 2-h postchallenge glucose, plasma IL-6, fibrinogen, white blood cell count, insulin-stimulated glucose disposal, and fasting insulin showed that the four variables that remained significantly associated with carotid IMT were waist circumference, insulin-stimulated glucose disposal, white blood cell count, and diastolic blood pressure, accounting for 33.7% of its variation. These findings support the concept that insulin sensitivity, rather than plasma insulin levels, is associated with early atherosclerosis in nondiabetic normotensive offspring of type 2 diabetic patients.

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